Ịmepụta carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) gụnyere ọtụtụ usoro na mmeghachi omume kemịkal. CMC bụ polymer soluble mmiri nke sitere na cellulose, polymer eke dị na mgbidi cell nke osisi. A na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche dị ka nri, ọgwụ, ihe ịchọ mma, na textiles n'ihi na ọ na-agba, na-eme ka ọ dị ike, na-ejikọta ya. Nke a bụ ntuziaka zuru ezu maka otu esi emepụta carboxymethylcellulose:
Okwu mmalite nke Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC):
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) bụ ihe sitere na cellulose, polysaccharide na-emekarị nke a na-ahụ na mgbidi cell osisi. Mmepụta nke CMC gụnyere imegharị cellulose site na mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ iwebata otu carboxymethyl n'ime ọkpụkpụ azụ cellulose. Mgbanwe a na-enye mmiri solubility na ihe ndị ọzọ na-achọsi ike na polymer.
Ngwaọrụ:
Cellulose: Isi akụrụngwa maka mmepụta CMC bụ cellulose. Enwere ike nweta cellulose site na isi mmalite dị iche iche dị ka osisi pulp, akwa owu, ma ọ bụ ihe fọdụrụ n'ubi.
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH): A makwaara dị ka caustic soda, sodium hydroxide na-eji na mmalite nkebi nke CMC mmepụta maka cellulose alkali ọgwụgwọ.
Chloroacetic acid (ClCH2COOH): Chloroacetic acid bụ isi reagent eji ewebata otu carboxymethyl n'ime ọkpụkpụ azụ cellulose.
Etherification Catalyst: A na-eji ihe ndị dị ka sodium hydroxide ma ọ bụ sodium carbonate mee ka mmeghachi omume etherification dị n'etiti cellulose na chloroacetic acid.
Ihe mgbaze: Enwere ike iji ihe mgbaze dị ka isopropanol ma ọ bụ ethanol mee ihe iji gbazee ndị na-emegharị ihe ma nyere aka na usoro mmeghachi omume.
Usoro mmepụta:
Mmepụta nke carboxymethylcellulose gụnyere ọtụtụ isi usoro:
1. Alkali ọgwụgwọ Cellulose:
A na-emeso cellulose na alkali siri ike, nke na-abụkarị sodium hydroxide (NaOH), iji mee ka mmeghachi omume ya dịkwuo elu site n'ịgbanwe ụfọdụ n'ime ìgwè hydroxyl ya na cellulose alkali. A na-eme ọgwụgwọ a n'ụgbọ mmiri reactor na okpomọkụ dị elu. A na-asachaa cellulose alkali ahụ na-ekpochapụ ma wepụ ya iji wepụ alkali gabiga ókè.
2. Etherification:
Mgbe ọgwụgwọ alkali gasịrị, cellulose na-emeghachi omume na chloroacetic acid (ClCH2COOH) n'ihu ihe na-eme ka etherification pụta. Mmeghachi omume a na-ewebata otu carboxymethyl na ọkpụkpụ azụ nke cellulose, na-ebute nguzobe nke carboxymethylcellulose. Mmeghachi omume etherification na-emekarị n'okpuru ọnọdụ a na-achịkwa nke okpomọkụ, nrụgide, na pH iji nweta ogo achọrọ nke nnọchi (DS) na ịdị arọ molecular nke CMC.
3. Ịsacha na Ọcha:
Na-eso mmeghachi omume etherification, a na-asacha ngwaahịa CMC crude nke ọma iji wepụ reagents, ngwaahịa ndị na-adịghị arụ ọrụ, na adịghị ọcha. A na-ejikarị mmiri ma ọ bụ ihe mgbaze organic na-asachapụ site na nzacha ma ọ bụ centrifugation. Usoro nchacha nwekwara ike ịgụnye ọgwụgwọ na acids ma ọ bụ ntọala iji mezie pH ma wepụ ihe ndị fọdụrụ.
4. ihicha:
A na-akpọzi CMC dị ọcha iji wepụ mmiri ma nweta ngwaahịa ikpeazụ na ntụ ntụ ma ọ bụ ụdị granular. A na-eji ụzọ dị ka ihicha ịgba, ihicha agụụ, ma ọ bụ ihicha ikuku n'okpuru ọnọdụ a na-achịkwa iji gbochie mmebi ma ọ bụ agglomeration nke polymer.
Njikwa ogo:
Usoro njikwa mma dị mkpa n'oge usoro mmepụta CMC iji hụ na nkwekọ, ịdị ọcha, na ihe achọrọ nke ngwaahịa ikpeazụ. Igodo ịdị mma bụ isi gụnyere:
Ọkwa nnọchi (DS): Nkezi ọnụọgụ nke otu carboxymethyl otu glucose n'ime agbụ cellulose.
Nkesa arọ molecular: Achọpụtara site na usoro dị ka nha viscosity ma ọ bụ gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
Ịdị ọcha: A na-enyocha site na usoro nyocha dị ka infrared spectroscopy (IR) ma ọ bụ chromatography mmiri na-arụ ọrụ dị elu (HPLC) iji chọpụta adịghị ọcha.
Viscosity: Ngwongwo dị oke egwu maka ọtụtụ ngwa, tụọ site na iji viscometers iji hụ na nkwekọ na arụmọrụ.
Ngwa nke Carboxymethylcellulose:
Carboxymethylcellulose na-ahụta ojiji zuru ebe niile na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche, gụnyere:
Ụlọ ọrụ nri: Dị ka ihe na-agbapụta, stabilizer, na emulsifier na ngwaahịa ndị dị ka sauces, akwa akwa, ice cream, na ngwaahịa sie.
Pharmaceuticals: N'ime usoro ọgwụ dị ka ihe nkedo, disintegrant, na viscosity modifier na mbadamba nkume, nkwusioru, na usoro nhazi.
Ihe ịchọ mma: Na ngwaahịa nlekọta onwe onye dị ka ude, lotions, na shampoos dị ka ihe na-eme ka ihe na-eto eto na reology modifier.
Textiles: N'ime mbipụta textile, nha na usoro mmecha iji melite njirimara akwa na arụmọrụ.
Ihe gbasara gburugburu na nchekwa:
Mmepụta CMC gụnyere iji kemịkalụ na usoro ume ike, nke nwere ike inwe mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi dị ka imepụta mmiri mkpofu na oriri ike. Mgbalị ibelata mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi na hụ na njikwa kemịkalụ n'enweghị nsogbu bụ ihe dị mkpa n'ichepụta CMC. Mmejuputa omume kachasị mma maka ọgwụgwọ mkpofu, ike ike, na ahụike na nchekwa ọrụ nwere ike inye aka belata nchegbu ndị a.
Mmepụta nke carboxymethylcellulose gụnyere ọtụtụ usoro na-amalite site na mmịpụta cellulose na ọgwụgwọ alkali, etherification, ịdị ọcha, na ihicha. Usoro njikwa mma dị oke mkpa iji hụ na nkwekọ na ịdị ọcha nke ngwaahịa ikpeazụ, nke na-achọta ngwa ngwa n'ofe ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche. Nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na nchekwa bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke mmepụta CMC, na-emesi ike mkpa ọ dị maka usoro mmepụta ihe na-adịgide adịgide na nke kwesịrị ekwesị.
Oge nzipu: Mar-27-2024