Cellulose Ethat siv rau hauv cixed tov

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm ntau cov cellulose ib tus neeg muaj kev pab ua ke thiab cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke rau cov dej ua kom qhuav, thiab lub zog huab cua ua kom qhuav huv. Nws yog qhov zoo dua li ib ether; Txoj kev kawm kev txhim kho ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm cellulose ether hauv tov tov tov yog kev cia siab.

Ntsiab lus:cellulose ether; qhuav-cug cug; ib ether; sib xyaw ether

Tsos txau teeb meem xws li yooj yim tawg, los ntshav, kev ua tsis zoo, ib puag ncig kev ua qias tuaj, thiab yuav maj mam muab hloov los ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab qhuav. Qhuav-xyaw cug, tseem hu ua ntej tov (qhuav) cug, qhuav hmoov, qhuav-qhuav tas cug, yog ib nrab ua tiav cug vuas tsis muaj dej sib xyaw. Cellulose ether muaj cov khoom zoo heev xws li thickening, iceionive letter, thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb admixture nyob rau hauv qhuav-mixed.

Daim ntawv no nthuav qhia cov txiaj ntsig, tsis zoo thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cellulose ether nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov qhuav cug tov.

1. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tshuaj khib nyiab qhuav

Raws li kev tsim kho cov kev tsim kho, cov tshuaj sib xyaw tov khoom, thiab tom qab sib xyaw nrog dej ntawm chaw tsim khoom raws li kev txiav txim siab dej sib piv. Piv nrog mortu mort, tov tov qhuav-sib xyaw ua ke muaj cov txiaj ntsig hauv qab no:①Zoo heev zoo, qhuav-mixed cug ua rau tsim raws li kev tshawb fawb, txuas nrog cov khoom lag luam tsim nyog;②Ntau yam nplua nuj, ntau yam kev ua tau zoo nkauj tuaj yeem tsim tawm raws li kev cai sib txawv;③Kev tsim kho kev tsim kho zoo, yooj yim mus thov thiab txhuam, tshem tawm cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua ntej ntub thiab kev kho dej tom ntej;④Yooj yim siv, tsuas yog ntxiv dej thiab do, yooj yim thauj thiab khw muag khoom, yooj yim rau kev tswj kev tsim kho;⑤Kev tiv thaiv ntsuab thiab ib puag ncig, tsis muaj hmoov av ntawm lub chaw tsim kho, tsis muaj ntau pawg ntawm cov khoom nyoos, txo qhov cuam tshuam rau ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig;⑥Economical, qhuav-mixed-mixed-mixed-mixed-tov kev siv tsis muaj cov khoom nyoos ntawm cov khoom xyaw tsim nyog, thiab yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov khoom xyaw tsim nyog thiab txo tus nqi tsim khoom.

Cellulose ether yog qhov tseem ceeb admixture ntawm qhuav-mixed. Cellulose ether tuaj yeem tsim cov calcium ruaj khov-hydroxide (CSH) ua kom tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ua tau zoo cov ntaub ntawv coll ntaub ntawv.

2. Cellulose ether li admixture

Cellulose ether yog hloov kho lub ntuj polymer uas cov pab pawg hydrogen atoms ntawm cov pab pawg cellulose tau hloov los ntawm lwm pab pawg. Hom, kom muaj nuj nqis thiab faib cov pab pawg hloov chaw ntawm lub cellulose tseem ceeb saw txiav txim siab hom thiab xwm.

Cov pab pawg hydroxyl ntawm lub cellulose aughet molecular charmement, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho cov kev sib txuam thiab ua tiav ntawm txoj kev xis mas; nce li cas ntawm cug, hloov pauv kev ntseeg thiab kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm cug; txhim kho lub catch tawg tawm ntawm cug; Entraining huab cua, txhim kho cov haujlwm ntawm cug.

2.1 Daim ntawv thov ntawm Carboxymethyl cellulose

Carboxymetylcelleculose (CMC) yog cov dej ionic-soluble ib leeg cellulose ether, thiab nws cov ntsev ntsev feem ntau yog siv. Ntshiab CMC yog dawb los yog milky dawb fibrous hmoov los yog granules, tsw ntxhiab thiab tsis muaj qab. Cov ntsuas tseem ceeb los ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm CMC yog cov qib hloov pauv (DS) thiab viscosity thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm kev daws.

Tom qab ntxiv CMC rau lub tshuaj khib, nws muaj qhov tseeb ua kom pom tseeb thiab dej khaws cia qhov hnyav nyob ntawm nws cov roj ntsha hnyav thiab qib hloov chaw. Tom qab ntxiv CMC rau 48 teev, nws tau ntsuas tias cov dej nqus tus nqi ntawm cov qauv tshuaj ua kom tsawg. Txo cov dej nqus dej nqus dej, ntau dua cov dej rov qab tswj; Cov dej ua kom ruaj khov nce ntxiv nrog kev nce ntawm cmc ntxiv. Vim tias cov nyhuv ua kom zoo, nws tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov tov qoob tov qhuav tov tsis muaj ntshav lossis cais. Ntawm tam sim no, CMC yog siv los ua cov neeg sawv cev tawm tsam hauv cov dej tauv, docks, txuas ntxiv ua si thiab ua kom muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig.

CMC yog qhov ionic compound thiab muaj cov kev ua kom muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke rau Caasly Caasly CaashetylcosS, thiab poob nws lub viscosity, txo nws txoj kev ua tau zoo ntawm CMC yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg; Lub enzyme tsis kam ntawm cmc yog neeg pluag.

2.2 Daim Ntawv Thov ntawmhydroxyethyl cellulosethiab hydroxypropyl cellulose

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) thiab Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) yog cov dej tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog cov ntsev ntau nrog cov ntsev ntau. Hec yog qhov ruaj khov rau cua sov; yooj yim soluble hauv dej txias thiab dej kub; Thaum tus nqi PH yog 2-12, lub viscosity hloov me me. HPC yog soluble hauv dej hauv qab 40°C thiab ntau tus lej ntawm polar. Nws muaj thermoplasticity thiab cov dej num nto. Cov qib siab dua ntawm qhov hloov chaw, qis dua cov dej ntws uas kub hauv HPC yuav yaj tau.

Raws li tus nqi ntawm HEC ntxiv rau cov tshuaj khib nce, lub zog compressive, tensile lub zog thiab corrosion zog ntawm lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm lub sijhawm, thiab kev ua tau zoo hloov me ntsis sijhawm. HEC tseem cuam tshuam rau kev faib tawm ntawm cov kab tshuaj khib. Tom qab ntxiv HPC mus rau lub tshuaj khib, lub porosity ntawm lub tshuaj khib mas tsawg heev, thiab cov dej yuav tsum tau txo qis, yog li txo kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuaj khib. Hauv kev siv tiag tiag, HPC yuav tsum tau siv ua ke nrog cov yas ua ke los txhim kho kev ua tshuaj cug.

2.3 daim ntawv thov ntawm methyl cellulose

Methylcellulose (MC) yog ib qho tsis-ionic ib leeg cellulose ether, uas tuaj yeem tawg sai sai thiab o hauv dej kub ntawm 80-90°C, thiab yaj sai tom qab txias. Cov tshuaj aqueous ntawm MC tuaj yeem ua cov gel. Thaum rhuab, MC tsis yaj hauv dej los ua ib qho gel, thiab thaum txias, tus gel melts. Qhov tshwm sim no yog reversible kiag li. Tom qab ntxiv mc mus rau lub tshuaj khib, cov dej khaws cov dej rov ua tau yog cov kev txhim kho pom tseeb. Cov dej tuav tseg ntawm MC nyob ntawm nws cov viscosity, degree ntawm hloov chaw, zoo, thiab ntxiv tus nqi. Ntxiv MC tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tawm tsam cov khoom siv tshuaj cug ntawm cug; Txhim kho lubricity thiab kev sib xyaw ntawm dispersed hais, ua cov khib nyiab zoo dua thiab txoj kev hnav khaub ncaws, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo dua, thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo dua qub.

Tus nqi ntawm MC ntxiv muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo ntawm lub tshuaj khib. Thaum MC cov ntsiab lus yog ntau dua 2%, lub zog ntawm lub tshuaj txug yog txo kom ib nrab ntawm tus thawj. Cov dej ua kom ruaj khov nce ntxiv nrog cov viscosity ntawm MC nce mus txog ib qho txiaj ntsig ntawm MC ncav tes tsis txhob hloov pauv ntau, thiab kev ua haujlwm txo qis.

2.4 Daim ntawv thov ntawm hydroxyethylmethylcellulose thiab hydroxypropylropenylosylulose

Ib qho ib ether muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev tsis zoo, agglomeration thiab ntau tshaj plaws yog me me, thiab lub hardness ntawm cov pob zeb ua kom tsis txhob poob ntsej muag; Yog li ntawd, kev ua haujlwm, compressive lub zog, thiab Flexural zog lub zog kev ua tau zoo tsis zoo. Sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem kov yeej cov kev ua phem ntawm ib tus neeg ua kom muaj qee yam; Tus nqi ntxiv yog tsawg dua li ntawm ib tus neeg paub.

Hydroxyethylcellulose (Hemc) thiab hydroxyprropencellulose (HPMC) yog cov muaj kev cuam tshuam cellulose sib xyaw nrog cov khoom ntawm txhua tus hloov cellulent etheruent ether.

Cov tsos ntawm Hemc yog xim dawb, hnav-dawb hmoov los yog cov xim av, tsis muaj ntxhiab thiab tsis muaj qab hau, hygroscopic, insoluble hauv dej kub. Qhov kev sib cais tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm tus nqi pH (zoo ib yam li MC), tab sis vim yog cov kev ntxiv ntawm cov molecularyl ntawm cov molecularyl ntau dua mc, yooj yim dua kom yaj hauv dej, thiab muaj lub zog ua kom sov siab dua. HEMC muaj cov dej ua kom muaj zog dua MC; Viscosity stability, mildew tsis kam, thiab dispersibilibility yog muaj zog tshaj li hec.

HPMC yog cov hmoov dawb lossis tawv dawb, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj ntxhiab thiab tsw. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm HPMC nrog cov kev sib txawv txawv yog qhov sib txawv heev. HPMC yws hauv dej txias rau hauv qhov tseeb lossis me ntsis turbid collooid daws, soluble hauv qee cov kuab tshuaj organic, thiab kuj soluble hauv dej. Cov kuab tshuaj sib xyaw ntawm cov kuab tshuaj organic, xws li ethanol hauv kev ua feem tsim nyog, hauv dej. Cov tshuaj aqueous muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kev ua si siab, siab transparency thiab ruaj khov ua tau zoo. Kev sib cais ntawm HPMC hauv dej kuj tseem tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm Ph. Solubility sib txawv nrog viscosity, qhov qis dua viscosity, muaj ntau dua cov solubility. Nrog rau qhov tsawg ntawm mexoxyl cov ntsiab lus hauv HPMC lwg me me, cov gel point, cov dej solubility txo qis, thiab cov kev ua si saum npoo av kuj txo qis. Ntxiv rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm qee cov cellulose muaj kev muaj kev nyab xeeb, HPMC kuj muaj ntsev tsis kam, sab nraud tsis kam, thiab siab dispersibility.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm HEMC thiab HPMC hauv cov kab cug qhuav qhuav yog raws li hauv qab no.①Dej zoo khaws cia. HEMC thiab HPMC tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias lub tshuaj khib yuav tsis ua teeb meem xws li sanding, txo thiab lub zog txo ntawm cov khoom vim tsis muaj dej thiab ua tiav cement dej. Txhim kho cov kev sib txuam, kev ua haujlwm thiab khoom tawv. Thaum tus neeg HPMC ntxiv loj dua 0.08%, cov lus daws teeb meem yas thiab yas vawj yias ntawm lub tshuaj khib kuj nce nrog tus nqi ntawm HPMC.②Raws li huab cua enraining tus neeg sawv cev. Thaum cov ntsiab lus ntawm HEMC thiab HPMC yog 0.5%, cov ntsiab lus roj yog qhov loj tshaj plaws, kwv yees li 55%. Lub zog yooj yim dua thiab compressive zog ntawm cug.③Txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm HEMC thiab HPMC pab tswj daim npav ntawm nyias-txheej cug thiab paving ntawm plastering cug.

HEMC thiab HPMC tuaj yeem ncua cov hydration lub cug cais, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov ntsiab lus methoxyl ntawm kev ncua hydroxyethyl thiab hydroxypropropyl cov ntsiab lus.

Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cellulose ether muaj ob npaug rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tshuaj khib, thiab nws tuaj yeem siv tau zoo yog tias siv tsis zoo. Cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhuav-mix cug yog ua ntej rau qhov yoog tau ntawm cellulose ntawm cellulose muaj cuam tshuam rau yam xws li qhov nyiaj thiab kev txiav txim ntawm ntxiv. Hauv kev siv cov kev siv, ib qho ntawm cov cellulose ether tuaj yeem xaiv, lossis ntau hom cellulose ether tuaj yeem siv ua ke.

3. Saib xyuas

Txoj kev txhim kho nrawm nrawm ntawm cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke muab cov kev nyuaj thiab cov nyom rau kev txhim kho thiab kev siv ntawm cellulose ether. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav thiab cov neeg tsim tawm yuav tsum txeeb tau lub sijhawm los txhim kho lawv cov kev kawm, thiab ua haujlwm hnyav ntxiv thiab txhim kho cov khoom ruaj khov. Thaum lub rooj sib tham txog qhov yuav tsum tau siv rau kev siv cug tov qhuav, nws tau ua tiav ib qho leap hauv lub cellule kev lag luam ether.