He aha ke ʻano o ka polymer ka HPMC?

ʻO HPMC, a i ʻole hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, he ʻano polymer-based cellulose i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, meaʻai, a me nā ʻoihana mālama pilikino. ʻO ka Cellulose kahi polymer kūlohelohe i loaʻa i nā mea kanu a ʻo ia ka mea nui loa o ka mea kanu ma ka honua. He polimer laina i hana ʻia me nā monomer glucose i hoʻopili ʻia e nā paʻa glycosidic β(1→4).

Hana ʻia ka HPMC ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka cellulose me nā hui methyl a hydroxypropyl paha. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau hoʻololi ʻana ma ka hana ʻana i ka cellulose me nā reagents kūpono i mua o kahi catalyst acid. ʻO ka hopena ma waena o ka cellulose a me ka methyl chloride a i ʻole ka methyl bromide ka methylcellulose, aʻo ka hopena ma waena o ka cellulose a me ka propylene oxide e hāʻawi i ka hydroxypropyl cellulose. Hana ʻia ka HPMC ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana i kēia mau hopena ʻelua e hoʻokomo i nā pūʻulu methyl a me hydroxypropyl i ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose.

He ʻano paʻakikī ka hopena o ka polymer e hiki ke ʻokoʻa ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana (DS) o nā hui methyl a me hydroxypropyl. Hōʻike ʻo DS i ka helu awelika o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl i pani ʻia i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana anhydroglucose i ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose. ʻO ka maʻamau, loaʻa iā HPMC kahi DS o 1.2 a 2.5 no nā hui methyl a me 0.1 a 0.3 no nā hui hydroxypropyl. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ke ʻano o ka HPMC ma muli o ka hiki ʻana o nā hui methyl a me ka hydroxypropyl ke puʻunaue like ʻole ma ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose, e hopena i kahi polymer heterogeneous me kahi ʻano waiwai.

ʻO ka HPMC he polymer hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai e hana i kahi mea e like me ka gel i ka wā e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia. ʻO nā waiwai gelation o HPMC e pili ana i nā mea he nui, e like me ka DS, ke kaumaha molekala, a me ka neʻe ʻana o ka polymer. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻokumu ʻo HPMC i kahi gel paʻa i nā koina kiʻekiʻe a me nā koina DS kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā waiwai gelation o HPMC e ka pH, ka ikaika ionic, a me ka mahana o ka hopena.

ʻO nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa o HPMC e lilo ia i mea waiwai nui i nā noi he nui. I ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo HPMC ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa, disintegrant, a me ka mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni i nā papa a me nā capsules. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻololi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o nā lāʻau mai kahi ʻano ʻano. I ka ʻoihana meaʻai, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo HPMC ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa, stabilizer, a me ka emulsifier. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā meaʻai momona haʻahaʻa a i hoʻemi ʻia-calorie e hoʻohālike i ke ʻano a me ka waha o nā meaʻai momona kiʻekiʻe. I ka ʻoihana mālama pilikino, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo HPMC ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa, mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a me ka emulsifier i nā shampoos, lotions, a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe.

I ka hopena, ʻo HPMC kahi polymer ma muli o ka cellulose i hana ʻia e ka hoʻololi kemika cellulose me nā hui methyl a me hydroxypropyl. ʻO ka polymer ka hopena he wai-soluble a he ʻano paʻakikī kona hiki ke ʻokoʻa ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana a me ka puʻunaue o nā hui methyl a me hydroxypropyl. ʻO ka HPMC kahi polymer maʻamau i loaʻa nā noi he nui i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, meaʻai, a me nā ʻoihana mālama pilikino.