ʻO ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) he mea nui semi-synthetic cellulose ether compound, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea kūkulu hale, nā meaʻai, nā uhi a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. HPMC i maikai thickening, emulsification, kiʻiʻoniʻoni-hana, moisturizing, stabilization a me nā waiwai 'ē aʻe, no laila, he koʻikoʻi noi waiwai ma na kula he nui. ʻO nā mea waiwai nui no ka hana ʻana i ka HPMC he cellulose, sodium hydroxide, propylene oxide, methyl chloride a me ka wai.
1. Cellulose
ʻO ka cellulose ka mea kumu nui o ka HPMC, i loaʻa maʻamau mai nā mea kanu maoli e like me ka pulupulu a me ka lāʻau. ʻO Cellulose ka polymer kūlohelohe maoli loa ma ka honua. ʻO kona ʻano molekala he polysaccharide kaulahao lōʻihi i haku ʻia me nā ʻāpana glucose i hoʻopili ʻia e nā paʻa β-1,4-glycosidic. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻo Cellulose iā ia iho i ka wai a ʻaʻohe hana kemika maikaʻi. No laila, pono ke ʻano o nā kaʻina hana hoʻololi kemika e hoʻomaikaʻi i kona solubility a me ka hana e hoʻomākaukau ai i nā huahana cellulose ether.
2. ʻO ka sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
ʻO ka sodium hydroxide, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo caustic soda, he pūhui alkaline ikaika e pāʻani ana i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi ma ke ʻano he alkalizer i ke kaʻina hana o HPMC. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hana ʻana, hoʻopili ʻia ka cellulose me ka sodium hydroxide solution e hoʻāla i nā pūʻulu hydroxyl ma ke kaulahao mole cellulose, a laila e hāʻawi i nā wahi pane no ka hopena etherification ma hope. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻanuʻu "alkalization reaction". Hoʻololi ka cellulose alkalized i kekahi mau hoʻololi ʻana, e maʻalahi ai ka hana ʻana me nā reagents kemika (e like me propylene oxide a me methyl chloride).
3. Propylene oxide (C3H6O)
ʻO ka propylene oxide kekahi o nā mea etherifying nui i ka hana HPMC, i hoʻohana nui ʻia e hoʻololi i nā pūʻulu hydroxyl i cellulose i nā pūʻulu hydroxypropyl. ʻO ke kikoʻī, hoʻopili ka cellulose alkalized me ka propylene oxide ma lalo o kekahi mau ʻano wela a me ke kaomi, a ua pili nā pūʻulu epoxy ikaika i loko o ka propylene oxide i ke kaulahao mole o cellulose ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke apo e hana i kahi mea pani hydroxypropyl. Hāʻawi kēia kaʻina i ka HPMC maikaʻi i ka wai solubility a me ka hiki ke mānoanoa.
4. Methyl chloride (CH3Cl)
ʻO ka Methyl chloride kekahi mea hoʻoheheʻe nui i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻololi i nā pūʻulu hydroxyl o cellulose i nā pūʻulu methoxyl. Hoʻopili ʻo Methyl chloride me nā pūʻulu hydroxyl ma ke kaulahao molekula cellulose ma o kahi pane hoʻololi nucleophilic e hana i ka methyl cellulose. Ma o kēia hopena methylation, loaʻa ka HPMC i ka hydrophobicity maikaʻi, e hōʻike ana i ka solubility maikaʻi loa i kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe organik. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā pūʻulu methoxy e hoʻomaikaʻi hou i ka waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me ke kūpaʻa kemika o HPMC.
5. Wai
ʻO ka wai, ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe a me ka hopena, e holo ana ma ke kaʻina hana HPMC holoʻokoʻa. I loko o ka alkalization a me ka etherification reactions, ka wai 'aʻole wale kōkua i ka hoʻoheheʻe sodium hydroxide a hoʻoponopono i ka hydration moku'āina o cellulose, akā, komo pū i ka hooponopono ana o ka wela wela e hōʻoia i ka wela kaʻina hana. He mana koʻikoʻi ko ka maʻemaʻe o ka wai i ka maikaʻi o ka HPMC, a koi pinepine ʻia ka wai deionized kiʻekiʻe.
6. Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik
Ma ke kaʻina hana o HPMC, pono paha kekahi mau kaʻina hana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe, e like me ka methanol a i ʻole ethanol. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea hoʻoheheʻe i kekahi manawa no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka viscosity o ka ʻōnaehana pane, hoʻemi i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā huahana hopena, a i ʻole e hāpai i nā hopena kemika kikoʻī. Pono e hoʻoholo ʻia ke koho ʻana i ka solvent organik e like me nā pono o ke kaʻina hana a me ka noi o ka huahana hope.
7. Nā mea kōkua ʻē aʻe
Ma waho aʻe o ka mea nui ma luna, i ke kaʻina hana maoli, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau mea kōkua a me nā mea hoʻohui, e like me catalysts, stabilizers, etc. o ka huahana hope loa.
8. Nā hana nui o ka hana hana
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kaʻina hana nui no ka hana ʻana i ka HPMC i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: alkaliization, etherification a me neutralization treatment. ʻO ka mua, hana ka cellulose me ka sodium hydroxide i ka alkalize e hana i ka cellulose alkali. A laila, etherification i loko o ka hopena o ka alkali cellulose me propylene oxide a me methyl chloride e hana hydroxypropyl a me methoxy substituted cellulose ethers. ʻO ka mea hope loa, ma o ka mālama ʻana i ka neutralization, ka holoi ʻana, ka maloʻo a me nā kaʻina hana ʻē aʻe, loaʻa nā huahana HPMC me ka solubility kikoʻī, viscosity a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
9. ʻO ka hopena o ka maikaʻi o ka waiwai maka i ka hana o nā huahana HPMC
Loaʻa ka hopena koʻikoʻi o nā kumu waiwai maka a me ka maʻemaʻe i ka maikaʻi a me ka hana o ka HPMC hope loa. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka puʻupuʻu paona molekala o ka cellulose maka e hoʻopili i ka viscosity a me ka solubility o HPMC; ʻO ke ʻano a me ka hopena o ka propylene oxide a me ka methyl chloride e hoʻoholo i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hydroxypropyl a me ka methoxy substitution, pēlā e hoʻopili ai i ka hopena mānoanoa a me nā waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni o ka huahana. No laila, he mea koʻikoʻi ke koho a me ka mana maikaʻi o nā mea maka i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana.
ʻO nā mea waiwai nui o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) he cellulose, sodium hydroxide, propylene oxide, methyl chloride a me ka wai. Ma o ke ʻano o nā hopena kemika paʻakikī, ua hoʻololi ʻia kēia mau mea maka i mea hana me ka waiwai noi ākea. Hoʻopili ka laulā noi o HPMC i nā kahua he nui e like me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea kūkulu hale, a me nā meaʻai. ʻO kāna mau waiwai kino a me kemika maikaʻi e pono ai i nā ʻoihana he nui.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-30-2024