ʻO Thickener kahi mea hoʻohui wai maʻamau a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i loko o nā uhi wai. Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi mānoanoa, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka viscosity o ka ʻōnaehana coating, a laila e pale ai i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā mea paʻa i ka uhi. ʻAʻole e ʻike ʻia ke ʻano haʻalulu ma muli o ka lahilahi o ka viscosity o ka pena. Nui nā ʻano huahana mānoanoa, a loaʻa i nā ʻano huahana like ʻole nā kumu mānoanoa like ʻole no nā ʻōnaehana like ʻole. Aia ma kahi o ʻehā ʻano o nā mānoanoa maʻamau: nā mānoanoa polyurethane, nā mānoanoa acrylic, nā mānoanoa inorganic a me nā mānoanoa no nā mea mānoanoa cellulose.
1. Mānoanoa o ka hui polyurethane mānoanoa
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka polyurethane associative thickeners he lipophilic, hydrophilic a me lipophilic tri-block polymers, me nā pūʻulu hopena lipophilic ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, nā pūʻulu hydrocarbon aliphatic maʻamau, a me kahi ʻāpana polyethylene glycol hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe wai i ka waena. I ka manawa e lawa ai ka mānoanoa o ka ʻōnaehana, e hoʻokumu ka ʻōnaehana i kahi hoʻolālā pūnaewele holoʻokoʻa.
I loko o ka ʻōnaehana wai, i ka wā i ʻoi aku ai ka nui o ka mānoanoa ma mua o ka nui o ka micelle koʻikoʻi, hui pū nā hui hope lipophilic e hana i nā micelles, a hoʻokumu ka mānoanoa i kahi hoʻolālā pūnaewele ma o ka hui ʻana o nā micelles e hoʻonui i ka viscosity o ka ʻōnaehana.
I loko o ka ʻōnaehana latex, ʻaʻole hiki i ka mānoanoa ke hana i kahi hui ma o ka lipophilic terminal group micelles, akā ʻoi aku ka mea nui, ʻo ka lipophilic terminal group o ka mānoanoa e hoʻopili ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka ʻāpana latex. Ke hoʻopili ʻia nā pūʻulu hope lipophilic ʻelua ma nā ʻāpana latex like ʻole, hana nā molekala mānoanoa i mau alahaka ma waena o nā ʻāpana.
2. Mānoanoa o ka polyacrylic acid alkali pehu mānoanoa
Polyacrylic acid alkali pehu mānoanoa he cross-linked copolymer emulsion, aia ka copolymer ma ke ʻano o ka waikawa a me nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, he haʻahaʻa ka viscosity, a he kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka wahine pH haʻahaʻa, a hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe. i ka wai. Ke hoʻohui ʻia ka ʻano alkaline, hoʻololi ia i kahi hoʻopuehu māmā a hiki ke hoʻohū.
ʻO ka hopena mānoanoa o ka polyacrylic acid alkali swelling thickener e hana ʻia ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka hui carboxylic acid me ka hydroxide; ke hoʻohui ʻia ka mea alkali, hoʻololi koke ʻia ka hui carboxylic acid ʻaʻole maʻalahi i ka ionized ammonium carboxylate a i ʻole metala I ke ʻano paʻakai, hoʻokumu ʻia kahi hopena hoʻihoʻi electrostatic ma ke kikowaena anion o ke kaulahao macromolecular copolymer, no laila ke keʻa. -Hoʻonui ʻia ke kaulahao macromolecular copolymer i hoʻopili ʻia. ʻO ka hopena o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka pehu ʻana, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka mea mua i nā manawa he nui a ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka viscosity. No ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā loulou, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia ka copolymer ma ke ʻano paʻakai ma ke ʻano he copolymer dispersion nona nā ʻāpana i hoʻonui nui ʻia.
ʻO ka polyacrylic acid thickeners he hopena mānoanoa maikaʻi, wikiwiki ka wikiwiki o ka mānoanoa, a me ke kūpaʻa olaola maikaʻi, akā paʻakikī lākou i ka pH, ka wai ʻino, a me ka liʻiliʻi haʻahaʻa.
3. Mānoanoa o nā mānoanoa inorganic
ʻO nā mānoanoa inorganic ka nui o ka bentonite i hoʻololi ʻia, attapulgite, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa i nā mānoanoa inorganic nā pōmaikaʻi o ka mānoanoa ikaika, thixotropy maikaʻi, ākea pH ākea, a me ka paʻa maikaʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai ʻo ka bentonite he pauka inorganic me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa māmā maikaʻi, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka ʻili o ka ʻili o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a hana e like me ka matting agent. No laila, i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i ka bentonite i ka pena latex nani, pono e uku ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka dosage. Nanotechnology ua ike i ka nanoscale o inorganic particles, a no hoi endowed inorganic thickeners me kekahi hou waiwai.
He paʻakikī ke ʻano mānoanoa o nā mānoanoa inorganic. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka repulsion ma waena o nā koina kūloko e hoʻonui i ka viscosity o ka pena. Ma muli o kona pae maikaʻi ʻole, pili ia i ka ʻōlinolino a me ke aniani o ke kiʻi pena. Hoʻohana maʻamau ia no ka Primer a i ʻole ka pena kiʻekiʻe.
4. Mānoanoa o ka cellulose mānoanoa
He moʻolelo lōʻihi ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka cellulose thickeners a hoʻohana nui ʻia hoʻi nā mānoanoa. Wahi a ko lākou molecular structure, ua māhele ʻia lākou i hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc.
ʻO ka mīkini mānoanoa o ka cellulose mānoanoa ka mea nui e hoʻohana i ke kaulahao nui hydrophobic ma kona ʻano e hana ai i nā paʻa hydrogen me ka wai, a ma ka manawa like e launa pū me nā hui polar ʻē aʻe ma kona ʻano e kūkulu i kahi ʻano pūnaewele ʻekolu-dimensional a hoʻonui i ka nui rheological. o ka polimer. , hoʻopaʻa i ka neʻe manuahi o ka polymer, ma laila e hoʻonui ai i ka viscosity o ka uhi. Ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ikaika shear, ua luku ʻia ke ʻano ʻoihana ʻekolu-dimensional, nalo nā paʻa hydrogen ma waena o nā molekala, a emi ka viscosity. Ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka ikaika shear, hoʻokumu hou ʻia nā paʻa hydrogen, a hoʻokumu hou ʻia ka ʻōnaehana ʻekolu-dimensional, a laila e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai e hiki i ka uhi ke loaʻa nā waiwai maikaʻi. waiwai rheological.
He waiwai nui ka cellulosic mānoanoa i nā hui hydroxyl a me nā ʻāpana hydrophobic i kā lākou hana. Loaʻa iā lākou ka hana mānoanoa kiʻekiʻe a ʻaʻole pili i ka pH. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka wai a pili i ka pae ʻana o ke kiʻi pena, ua maʻalahi lākou i ka hopena o ka microbial degradation a me nā hemahema ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana maoli ʻia nā mea ʻeleʻele cellulose no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā pena latex.
I ke kaʻina o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka uhi ʻana, pono e noʻonoʻo pono ke koho ʻana i ka mānoanoa i nā mea he nui, e like me ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ka ʻōnaehana, viscosity, mālama paʻa, hana hana, ke kumukūʻai a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā mānoanoa he nui a hoʻohana ʻia e hāʻawi i ka pāʻani piha i nā pono o kēlā me kēia mānoanoa, a mālama pono i ke kumukūʻai ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka hoʻokō ʻana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-02-2023