Synthesis a me Rheological Properties o Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Ether

I ke alo o kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe alkali i hana ʻia, ʻoihana hydroxyethyl Ua hoʻopili ʻia ka cellulose me ka N-(2,3-epoxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (GTA) cationization reagent e hoʻomākaukau i ka ammonium quaternary hoʻololi kiʻekiʻe ma ke ʻano maloʻo ʻano paʻakai Hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (HEC). Ua noiʻi ʻia nā hopena o ka lākiō o GTA i ka hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), ka lākiō o NaOH i HEC, ka mahana o ka hopena, a me ka manawa pane i ka hopena hopena me kahi hoʻolālā hoʻokolohua like ʻole, a ua loaʻa nā kūlana kaʻina optimized ma o Monte. ʻO Carlo hoʻohālike. A hiki i ka hopena hopena o ka cationic etherification reagent i 95% ma o ka hōʻoia hoʻokolohua. I ka manawa like, ua kūkākūkā ʻia kona mau waiwai rheological. Ua hōʻike nā hopena i ka hopena oHEC hōʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka wai non-Newtonian, a ua hoʻonui ʻia kona viscosity me ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka hopena; i loko o kekahi kukū o ka paʻakai paʻakai, ka viscosity ikea oHEC ua emi iho me ka hoonui o ka paakai i hoohuiia. Ma lalo o ka like me ka shear rate, ʻike ʻia ka viscosity oHEC ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonā CaCl2 ma mua o koHEC i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonā NaCl.

Hua'ōlelo nui:Hydroxyethylcellulose ether; hana maloʻo; waiwai rheological

Loaʻa i ka Cellulose nā hiʻohiʻona o nā kumu waiwai, biodegradability, biocompatibility a me ka derivatization maʻalahi, a he wahi wela noiʻi ma nā kula he nui. ʻO ka cationic cellulose kekahi o nā ʻelele koʻikoʻi o nā derivatives cellulose. Ma waena o nā polymers cationic no nā huahana pale pilikino i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia e CTFA o Fragrance Industry Association, ʻo ia ka mea mua. Hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia i loko o ka lauoho conditioner conditioning additives, softeners, drilling shale hydration inhibitors and blood anti-coagulation agents a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.

I kēia manawa, ʻo ke ʻano o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka quaternary ammonium cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose ether he ʻano hoʻoheheʻe, e koi ana i ka nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe, ke kumu kūʻai, palekana, a hoʻohaumia i ke kaiapuni. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke ʻano solvent, ʻo ke ʻano maloʻo ka maikaʻi o ke kaʻina hana maʻalahi, ka hopena kiʻekiʻe o ka hopena, a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka pollution kaiapuni. I loko o kēia pepa, ua hana ʻia ka cationic cellulose ether ma ke ʻano maloʻo a ua aʻo ʻia kona ʻano rheological.

1. Māhele hoʻokolohua

1.1 Nā mea a me nā reagents

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC huahana huahana, kona molecular substitution degere DS he 1.8 ~ 2.0); cationization reagent N-(2,3-epoxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride (GTA), i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai ka epoxy chloride Propane a me trimethylamine i hana ponoʻī ʻia ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana; ka mea hoʻoheheʻe alkali i hana ʻia iā ia iho; ʻO ka ethanol a me ka glacial acetic acid he analytically maʻemaʻe; ʻO NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, a me AlCl3 nā mea hoʻohui kemika maʻemaʻe.

1.2 Ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka cellulose ammonium cationic quaternary

E hoʻohui i 5g o ka hydroxyethyl cellulose a me ka nui kūpono o ka homemade alkali catalyst i loko o ka cylindrical steel cylinder i lako me ka stirrer, a hoʻoulu i 20 mau minuke ma ka lumi wela; a laila e hoʻohui i kahi nui o GTA, e hoʻomau i ka hoʻoulu ʻana no 30 mau minuke i ka lumi wela, a e pane i kahi mahana a me ka manawa, ua loaʻa kahi huahana crude paʻa. Hoʻomoʻu ʻia ka huahana i loko o kahi hopena ethanol i loaʻa ka nui kūpono o ka acetic acid, kānana, holoi ʻia, a maloʻo maloʻo no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pauda quaternary ammonium cationic cellulose.

1.3 Ka hoʻoholo ʻana o ka hakina nuipaʻa nitrogen o quaternary ammonium cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose

Ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka hapa nui o ka nitrogen i loko o nā laʻana e ke ʻano Kjeldahl.

2. Hoʻolālā hoʻokolohua a me ka optimization o ke kaʻina hana synthesis maloʻo

Ua hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano hoʻolālā like ʻole no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka hoʻokolohua, a ua noiʻi ʻia nā hopena o ka lakio o GTA i ka hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), ka lakio o NaOH i HEC, ka wela o ka hopena a me ka manawa pane i ka hopena hopena.

3. E noiʻi i nā waiwai rheological

3.1 Ka hopena o ka noʻonoʻo a me ka wikiwiki o ka rotational

E lawe ana i ka hopena o ka shear rate i ka viscosity ikea oHEC ma nā ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa Ds=0.11 ma ke ʻano he laʻana, hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka piʻi mālie ʻana o ka nui o ka shear rate mai 0.05 a i 0.5 s-1, ʻike ʻia ka viscosity oHEC ke emi nei ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka nui ma ka 0.05 ~ 0.5s-1 hāʻule nui ka viscosity mai 160MPa·s i ka 40MPa·s, shear thinning, e hōʻike ana i kaHEC ua hōʻike ʻia nā waiwai rheological non-Newtonian. ʻO ka hopena o ke koʻikoʻi shear i hoʻohana ʻia e hōʻemi i ka ikaika o ka pilina ma waena o nā ʻāpana o ka māhele i hoʻopuehu ʻia. Ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikaika, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka viscosity ʻike.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai nā viscosities ʻike ʻia o 3% a me 4%HEC ʻO nā haʻina wai e like me ka 3% a me ka 4% o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma nā ʻāpana ʻoki like ʻole. ʻO ka viscosity ʻike ʻia o ka hopena e hōʻike ana i ka piʻi ʻana o kona hiki ke hoʻonui i ka viscosity me ka ʻike. ʻO ke kumu, ʻo ka piʻi ʻana o ka manaʻo i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonā, ka hoʻohuli ʻana i waena o nā molekala o ke kaulahao nui.HEC a ma waena o nā kaulahao molekala e piʻi aʻe, a piʻi ka viscosity i ʻike ʻia.

3.2 Ka hopena o nā manaʻo like ʻole o ka paʻakai i hoʻohui ʻia

Ka noonoo ana oHEC ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma 3%, a ua noiʻi ʻia ka hopena o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka paʻakai NaCl ma nā waiwai viscosity o ka hoʻonā ma nā ʻāpana ʻoki like ʻole.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai nā hopena i ka emi ʻana o ka viscosity i ʻike ʻia me ka piʻi ʻana o ka paʻakai i hoʻohui ʻia, e hōʻike ana i kahi hanana polyelectrolyte. No ka mea, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kekahi hapa o ka Na+ i loko o ka wai paʻakai i ka anion o kaHEC kaulahao aoao. ʻO ka ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻonā paʻakai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka neʻe ʻana a i ʻole ka pale ʻana o ka polyion e ka counterion, a me ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka repulsion electrostatic, ka hopena i ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka uku o ka polyion. , e emi ana ke kaulahao polymer a me ka wili, a e emi ana ka ike.

3.3 Ka hopena o nā paʻakai i hoʻohui ʻia

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka hoʻoikaika ʻana o ʻelua mau paʻakai i hoʻohui ʻia, ʻo Nacl a me CaCl2, i ka viscosity o ka paʻakai.HEC e emi iho ana ka viscosity i ikeia me ka hoohui ana i ka paakai i hoohuiia, a ma ka huina like like, ka viscosity ikea o ka paakai.HEC hoʻonā i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonā CaCl2 Ua ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity ma mua o koHEC hoʻonā i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonā NaCl. ʻO ke kumu, he ion divalent ka paʻakai calcium, a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka Cl- o ke kaulahao ʻaoʻao polyelectrolyte. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka hui ammonium quaternary maHEC me Cl- ua emi iho, a ua emi ka pale, a ua oi aku ka nui o ka uku o ke kaulahao polymer, i ka hopena ʻO ka repulsion electrostatic ma ke kaulahao polymer ua nui aku, a ua kikoo ʻia ke kaulahao polymer, no laila ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity.

4. Ka hopena

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau maloʻo o ka cellulose cationic i hoʻololi nui ʻia he ʻano hoʻomākaukau kūpono me ka hana maʻalahi, ka hopena kiʻekiʻe o ka hopena, a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka pollution, a hiki ke pale i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe, ka pollution environment, a me nā mea ʻawaʻawa i hoʻohana ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā solvents.

ʻO ka hoʻonā o ka cationic cellulose ether e hōʻike i nā ʻano o ka wai non-Newtonian a loaʻa nā ʻano o ka shear thinning; i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka hoʻonā ʻana, piʻi ka viscosity i ʻike ʻia; i loko o kekahi kukū o ka wai paʻakai,HEC piʻi ka viscosity i ʻike ʻia me ka hoʻonui a me ka emi ʻana. Ma lalo o ka like me ka shear rate, ʻike ʻia ka viscosity oHEC ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonā CaCl2 ma mua o koHEC i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonā NaCl.