Synthesis a me nā waiwai o ka wai-soluble cellulose ether superplasticizer

Eia hou, ua hoomakaukauia ka pulupulu cellulose e pae Ling-off degere polymerization a ua reacted me ka sodium hydroxide, 1,4 monobutylsulfonolate (1,4, butanesultone). sulfobutylated cellulose ether (SBC) me ka hoʻoheheʻe wai maikaʻi i loaʻa. Ua aʻo ʻia nā hopena o ka wela o ka hopena, ka manawa hana a me ka lākiō waiwai ma ka butyl sulfonate cellulose ether. Ua loaʻa nā kūlana hopena maikaʻi loa, a ua hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano o ka huahana e FTIR. Ma ke aʻo ʻana i ka hopena o ka SBC i nā waiwai o ka paʻi sima a me ka mortar, ua ʻike ʻia he like ka hopena o ka huahana e hoʻemi i ka wai me ka naphthalene series water reducing agent, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai ma mua o ka moʻo naphthalene.mea hoemi wai. ʻO ka SBC me nā ʻano viscosity ʻokoʻa a me ka ʻokoʻa sulfur he ʻokoʻa ka pae o ka waiwai hoʻopaneʻe no ka paʻi sima. No laila, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo SBC e lilo i mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai, hoʻopaneʻe i ka mea hoʻemi wai hoʻohaʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea hoʻemi wai hoʻemi kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻoholo nui ʻia kona mau waiwai e kona ʻano molekala.

Hua'ōlelo nui:cellulose; degere kaulike o ka polymerization; Butyl sulfonate cellulose ether; Mea hoemi wai

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai e hiki ai i ke koneki ke hōʻoia i ka hana kiʻekiʻe, ka lōʻihi maikaʻi a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe. I kēia manawa, aia nā ʻano mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai kūpono loa i hoʻohana nui ʻia: naphthalene series water reducing agent (SNF), sulfonated amine resin series water reducing agent (SMF), amino sulfonate series water reducing agent (ASP), modified lignosulfonate series water reducing agent (ML), a polycarboxylic acid series water reducing agent (PC), ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma ka noiʻi o kēia manawa. Loaʻa i ka polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer nā mea maikaʻi o ka nalowale o ka manawa liʻiliʻi, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka wai kiʻekiʻe o ke kaila. Eia naʻe, ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, paʻakikī ke kaulana i Kina. No laila, ʻo ka naphthalene superplasticizer ka mea noi nui ma Kina. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai condensing e hoʻohana i ka formaldehyde a me nā mea ʻē aʻe me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hiki ke hōʻino i ke kaiapuni i ka synthesis a me ka hoʻohana ʻana.

ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā admixtures koneki ma ka home a me nā ʻāina ʻē e kū nei me ka hemahema o nā kumu kemika, piʻi kālā a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe. Pehea e hoʻohana ai i nā kumu waiwai hou e hiki ke hoʻololi hou ʻia e like me nā mea maka e hoʻomohala i nā mea hoʻohui kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e lilo i kumuhana koʻikoʻi o ka noiʻi hoʻohui ʻana. ʻO ka starch a me ka cellulose nā ʻelele nui o kēia ʻano waiwai. Ma muli o ko lākou kumu ākea o nā mea maka, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia, maʻalahi e hana me kekahi mau reagents, hoʻohana nui ʻia kā lākou derivatives i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. I kēia manawa, ua holomua ka noiʻi ʻana o ka starch sulfonated ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻemi wai. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻo ka noiʻi ʻana e pili ana i ka wai-soluble cellulose derivatives ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai ka mea i hoʻopiʻi i ka manaʻo o ka poʻe. Liu Weizhe et al. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka pulupulu pulupulu pulupulu ma ke ʻano he mea maka no ka synthesize cellulose sulfate me ke kaumaha molekala pili like ʻole a me ke degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana. Ke hoʻololi ʻia kona degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana i kekahi ʻano, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wai o ka slurry cement a me ka ikaika o ke kino consolidation ciment. Ua ʻōlelo ka patent i kekahi mau polysaccharide derivatives ma o ka hopena kemika e hoʻolauna i nā pūʻulu hydrophilic ikaika, hiki ke loaʻa ma ka cement me ka hoʻopuehu maikaʻi ʻana o ka wai-soluble polysaccharide derivatives, e like me ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl sulfonate cellulose a pēlā aku. Eia naʻe, ʻo Knaus et al. ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole kūpono ʻo CMHEC no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai. Ke hoʻokomo wale ʻia ka pūʻulu sulfonic acid i loko o nā molekala CMC a me CMHEC, a ʻo kona kaumaha molecular pili he 1.0 × 105 ~ 1.5 × 105 g / mol, hiki ke loaʻa ka hana o ka mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai. Aia nā manaʻo like ʻole e pili ana inā kūpono kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe cellulose i ka wai no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻemi wai, a he nui nā ʻano o ka wai-soluble cellulose derivatives, no laila pono e hana i ka noiʻi hohonu a me ka ʻōnaehana no ka synthesis a ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā derivative cellulose hou.

Ma kēia pepa, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka pulupulu cellulose e like me ka mea hoʻomaka e hoʻomākaukau ai i ke kaulike polymerization degere cellulose, a laila ma o ka sodium hydroxide alkalization, koho i ka mahana hopena kūpono, ka manawa pane a me ka 1,4 monobutyl sulfonolactone pane, ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka pūʻulu sulfonic acid ma cellulose. nā molekalale, ka mea i loaʻa i ka wai-soluble butyl sulfonic acid cellulose ether (SBC) ka nānā ʻana a me ka hoʻokolohua noi. Ua kūkākūkā ʻia ka hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻemi wai.

1. Hoao

1.1 Mea maka a me na mea hana

pulupulu Absorbent; Sodium hydroxide (analytical pure); Hydrochloric acid (36% ~ 37% aqueous solution, analytically pure); Isopropyl alcohol (analytically pure); 1,4 monobutyl sulfonolactone (ʻoihana ʻoihana, hāʻawi ʻia e Siping Fine Chemical Plant); 32.5R mau kima Portland maʻamau (Dalian Onoda Cement Factory); Naphthalene series superplasticizer (SNF, Dalian Sicca).

Spectrum One-B Fourier Transform infrared spectrometer, hana ʻia e Perkin Elmer.

ʻO IRIS Advantage Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer (IcP-AEs), i hana ʻia e Thermo Jarrell Ash Co.

Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ZETAPLUS hiki ke anaana (Brookhaven Instruments, USA) e ana i ka hiki o ka slurry sima i hui pū ʻia me SBC.

1.2 Ke ʻano hoʻomākaukau o SBC

ʻO ka mea mua, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka cellulose degere polymerization kaulike e like me nā ʻano i wehewehe ʻia ma ka palapala. Ua kaupaona ʻia kekahi nui o ka pulupulu cellulose a hoʻohui ʻia i loko o ka ipu ʻekolu ala. Ma lalo o ka pale o ka nitrogen, hoʻohui ʻia ka waika hydrochloric dilute me kahi ʻano o 6%, a ua hoʻoulu ikaika ʻia ka hui. A laila ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia me ka isopropyl waiʻona i loko o kahi ʻeke waha ʻekolu, alkalized no kekahi manawa me 30% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, kaupaona ʻia kahi nui o 1,4 monobutyl sulfonolactone, a hāʻule i loko o ka ipu ʻekolu waha, hoʻoulu ʻia i ka. ka manawa like, a mālama i ka mahana o ka wai mahana ʻauʻau paʻa. Ma hope o ka hopena no kekahi manawa, ua hoʻomaha ʻia ka huahana i ka lumi wela, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka waiʻona isopropyl, pahū a kānana ʻia, a loaʻa ka huahana crude. Ma hope o ka holoi ʻana me ka methanol aqueous solution no nā manawa he nui, pahū a kānana ʻia, hoʻomaloʻo ʻia ka huahana ma 60 ℃ no ka hoʻohana.

1.3 Ana hana SBC

Ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka huahana SBC ma 0.1 mol/L NaNO3 aqueous solution, a ua ana ʻia ka viscosity o kēlā me kēia dilution point o ka hāpana e ka Ustner viscometer e helu i kona ʻano viscosity. Ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka ʻike sulfur o ka huahana e ka mea hana ICP - AES. Ua unuhi ʻia nā laʻana SBC e ka acetone, maloʻo maloʻo, a laila ma kahi o 5 mg nā laʻana i ʻeli ʻia a kaomi pū me KBr no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana. Ua mālama ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka spectrum infrared ma nā laʻana SBC a me cellulose. Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka sima me ka lakene wai-cement o 400 a me ka wai hoʻohaʻahaʻa mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka 1% o ka nui sima. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia kona hiki i loko o 3 min.

Ua ana ʻia ka nui o ka emi ʻana o ka wai slurry sima a me ka nui o ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka wai paʻakai e like me GB/T 8077-2000 "Ke ʻano hoʻāʻo no ka kūlike o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka lepo", mw/me= 0.35. Hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻāʻo manawa hoʻonohonoho o ka paʻi sima e like me GB / T 1346-2001 "Ke ʻano hoʻāʻo no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka manawa a me ke kūpaʻa o ka Cement Standard Consistency". ʻO ka ikaika compressive mortar sima e like me GB / T 17671-1999 "Cement mortar strength test Method (IS0 method)" ke ʻano o ka hoʻoholo.

2. Nā hopena a me ke kūkākūkā

2.1 IR kālailai o SBC

Infrared spectra of raw cellulose and product SBC. No ka nawaliwali loa o ka peak absorption o S — C a me S — H, aole kupono ia no ka ike ana, oiai o s=o ka peak absorption ikaika. No laila, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ke ola ʻana o ka pūʻulu ʻakika sulfonic i loko o ka molekala ma ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ola ʻana o ka piko S=O. E like me ka infrared spectra o ka maka mea cellulose a me ka huahana SBC, i loko o ka cellulose spectra, aia ka ikaika absorption peak kokoke i ka hawewe helu 3350 cm-1, i helu 'ia e like me ka hydroxyl kikoo vibration peak ma cellulose. ʻO ka peak absorption ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma kahi o ka helu nalu 2 900 cm-1 ʻo ia ka methylene (CH2 1) kiʻekiʻe haʻalulu. Hōʻike ka pūʻulu o nā pūʻulu o 1060, 1170, 1120 a me 1010 cm-1 i nā piko hoʻoemi haʻalulu o ka pūʻulu hydroxyl a me nā piko hoʻoemi haʻalulu kūlou o ka paʻa etera (C — o — C). Hōʻike ka helu nalu ma kahi o 1650 cm-1 i ke kiʻekiʻe absorption paʻa hydrogen i hana ʻia e ka hui hydroxyl a me ka wai manuahi. Hōʻike ka hui 1440 ~ 1340 cm-1 i ke ʻano crystalline o cellulose. Ma ka IR spectra o SBC, ua nāwaliwali ka ikaika o ka band 1440~1340 cm-1. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ka ikaika o ka absorption peak kokoke i 1650 cm-1, e hōʻike ana ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ka hiki ke hana i nā paʻa hydrogen. Ua ʻike ʻia nā kiʻekiʻe absorption ikaika ma 1180,628 cm-1, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia i ka spectroscopy infrared o cellulose. ʻO ka mua ke kiʻekiʻe absorption hiʻona o ka pili s=o, aʻo ka hope ka piko absorption hiʻona o ka paʻa s=o. E like me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i luna, aia ka hui waikawa sulfonic ma ke kaulahao mole o cellulose ma hope o ka hopena etherification.

2.2 Ka hopena o nā kūlana pane i ka hana SBC

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka pilina ma waena o nā kūlana hopena a me nā waiwai o SBC e pili ana ka mahana, ka manawa hana a me ka lakene waiwai i nā waiwai o nā huahana synthesized. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka solubility o nā huahana SBC e ka lōʻihi o ka manawa i koi ʻia no ka huahana 1g e hoʻoheheʻe loa i loko o 100mL wai deionized i ka lumi wela; Ma ka ho'āʻo hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai o ka mortar, ʻo ka ʻike SBC he 1.0% o ka nui sima. Eia hou, no ka mea, ua haku ʻia ka cellulose me ka anhydroglucose unit (AGU), ua helu ʻia ka nui o ka cellulose e like me AGU ke helu ʻia ka lākiō reactant. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me SBCl ~ SBC5, ʻo SBC6 ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa intrinsic viscosity a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka sulfur maʻiʻo, a ʻo ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar he 11.2%. Hiki i ka viscosity hiʻohiʻona o SBC ke hōʻike i kona nui molekala pili. Hōʻike ka viscosity ʻano kiʻekiʻe i ka nui o kāna molecular mass. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia manawa, e hoʻonui ʻia ka viscosity o ka hoʻonā wai me ka neʻe like ʻana, a e kaupalena ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o nā macromolecules, ʻaʻole kūpono i kona adsorption ma ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana sima, no laila e pili ana i ka pāʻani o ka wai. e hōʻemi ana i ka hana hoʻopuehu o SBC. He kiʻekiʻe ka sulfur maʻiʻo o SBC, e hōʻike ana he kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka butyl sulfonate substitution degere, SBC molecular kaulahao e lawe i ka helu hoʻopiʻi, a ikaika ka hopena o nā ʻāpana sima, no laila ikaika nō hoʻi ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o nā ʻāpana sima.

I ka etherification o cellulose, i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pae etherification a me ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, hoʻohana maʻamau ke ʻano o ka etherification alkalization lehulehu. ʻO SBC7 a me SBC8 nā huahana i loaʻa e ka etherification alkalization hou no 1 a me 2 mau manawa, kēlā me kēia. ʻIke loa, he haʻahaʻa ko lākou hiʻohiʻona viscosity a he kiʻekiʻe ka sulfur maʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoheheʻe wai hope, ʻo ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar sima hiki ke hiki i 14.8% a me 16.5%, kēlā me kēia. No laila, ma nā ho'āʻo aʻe, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo SBC6, SBC7 a me SBC8 i mea noiʻi e kūkākūkā ai i kā lākou hopena noi i ka paʻi sima a me ka mortar.

2.3 Ka hopena o ka SBC ma nā waiwai sima

2.3.1 Ka hopena o ka SBC i ka wai o ka paʻi sima

Ka hopena o ka wai hoemi wai ma luna o ka wai o ka paʻi sima. ʻO SNF kahi mea hoʻopololei naphthalene series. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka pihi mana o ka ʻike o ka mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai i ka wai o ka paʻi sima, i ka wā i emi iho ai ka ʻike o SBC8 ma mua o 1.0%, e piʻi mālie ka wai o ka paʻi sima me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻike, a me ka hopena. ua like ia me ko SNF. Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻike ma mua o 1.0%, e lohi mālie ka ulu ʻana o ka fluidity o ka slurry, a komo ka pihi i ke kahua kahua. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ʻo ka ʻike saturated o SBC8 ma kahi o 1.0%. ʻO SBC6 a me SBC7 kekahi ʻano like me SBC8, akā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kā lākou saturation content ma mua o SBC8, a ʻaʻole i like ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka wai slurry maʻemaʻe e like me SBC8. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka maʻiʻo saturated o SNF ma kahi o 0.7% ~ 0.8%. Ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka maʻiʻo o ka SNF, hoʻomau ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka wai o ka slurry, akā e like me ke apo koko, hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ʻo ka piʻi ʻana i kēia manawa ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka wai koko e ka slurry sima. I ka hopena, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻiʻo saturated o SBC ma mua o ka SNF, ʻaʻohe mea e ʻike ʻia ke kahe koko i ka wā i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻike o ka SBC ma mua o kona ʻike piha. No laila, hiki ke hoʻoholo mua ʻia ʻo SBC ka hopena o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka wai a loaʻa pū kekahi mau wai paʻa, ʻokoʻa ia mai SNF. Pono e aʻo hou ʻia kēia hana.

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao pili ma waena o ka wai o ka paʻi sima me ka 1.0% wai-reducing agent content a me ka manawa e liʻiliʻi loa ka nalowale o ka wai o ka paʻi sima i hui pū ʻia me SBC i loko o 120min, ʻoi aku ka SBC6, nona ka wai mua ma kahi o 200mm wale nō. , a ʻo ka nalowale o ka wai ma lalo o 20%. ʻO ka nalowale o ka slurry fluidity ma ke kauoha o SNF>SBC8>SBC7>SBC6. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina ʻo ka naphthalene superplasticizer ka mea nui ma luna o ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana sima e ka ikaika repulsive plane. Me ka holomua o ka hydration, ua ho'ēmi 'ia ke koena o ka wai ho'ēmi 'agent mole i loko o ka slurry, no laila, i ka wai adsorbed ho'ēmi 'agent mole ma luna o ka ili o ka sima nā mea hoʻoemi. Hoʻonāwaliwali ʻia ka repulsion ma waena o nā ʻāpana, a hoʻopuka nā ʻāpana sima i ka condensation kino, e hōʻike ana i ka emi ʻana o ka wai o ka slurry upena. No laila, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kahe o ka slurry sima i hui pū ʻia me ka naphthalene superplasticizer. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻemi wai hōʻemi wai naphthalene i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻenekinia ua hui pono ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i kēia hemahema. No laila, ma ke ʻano o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, ʻoi aku ka SBC ma mua o SNF.

2.3.2 Ka hopena o ka hiki a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka manawa o ka paʻi sima

Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai i ka hui ʻana o ka sima, ua hoʻopili nā ʻāpana sima i nā molekele hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka wai, no laila hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā waiwai uila o nā ʻāpana sima mai ka maikaʻi a i ka maikaʻi ʻole, a ʻike maopopo ʻia ka waiwai maoli. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka waiwai kūʻokoʻa o ka hiki o ka ʻāpana sima i hui pū ʻia me SNF ma mua o ko SBC. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka manawa hoʻonohonoho o ka paʻi sima i hui pū ʻia me SBC i nā degere like ʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hāpana hakahaka, a ʻo ka manawa hoʻonohonoho ma ke kauoha o SBC6> SBC7> SBC8 mai ka lōʻihi a i ka pōkole. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka emi ʻana o ka viscosity hiʻohiʻona SBC a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻike sulfur, ua pōkole ka manawa hoʻonohonoho o ka paʻi sima. No ka mea, aia ka SBC i nā derivatives polypolysaccharide, a he nui aku nā pūʻulu hydroxyl ma ke kaulahao mole, he ʻokoʻa nā degere o ka hopena retarding i ka hopena hydration o Portland cement. Aia ma kahi o ʻehā ʻano ʻano hana hoʻopaneʻe, a ʻo ke ʻano hoʻopaneʻe o SBC e like me kēia: Ma ke ʻano alkaline o ka hydration cement, ʻo ka hui hydroxyl a me ka Ca2 + manuahi e hoʻokumu i ka paʻakikī paʻa ʻole, no laila ke ʻano o ka Ca2 10 i ka pae wai. emi iho, akā, hiki ke adsorbed ma luna o ka ili o ka sima a me ka hydration huahana ma luna o ka ili o 02- e hana hydrogen paʻa, a me kekahi hydroxyl pūʻulu a me ka wai mole ma o hydrogen hoʻopaʻa hui, no laila, i ka ili o ka sima nā mea i hana i ka papa o. kiʻi wai paʻa paʻa. No laila, ke kaʻina hana hydration o ka sima. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa loa ka helu o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl i ke kaulahao o SBC me nā ʻokoʻa sulfur ʻokoʻa, no laila, ʻokoʻa ko lākou mana i ke kaʻina hydration cement.

2.3.3 Ka ho'āʻo ikaika ʻana o ka wai pahū

No ka mea hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ka hana ʻana o ka mortar i ka hana ʻana o ke koneki i kekahi ʻano, ʻike nui kēia pepa i ka hana o ka mortar i hui pū ʻia me SBC. Ua hoʻoponopono ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai e like me ke ʻano o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar, i hiki ai ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka mortar sample (180±5) mm, a ua mākaukau nā 40 mm × 40 mlTl × 160 mill specimens e hoʻāʻo i ka compressive. ikaika o kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ke hoʻohālikelikeʻia me nā'ōkuhi blank me kaʻole o ka wai hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai, ua hoʻomaikaʻiʻia ka ikaika o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe mortar me ka mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai i kēlā me kēia makahiki i nā pae likeʻole. ʻO ka ikaika compressive o nā specimens doped me 1.0% SNF i hoʻonui ʻia e 46%, 35% a me 20% i nā lā 3, 7 a me 28. ʻAʻole like ka mana o SBC6, SBC7 a me SBC8 i ka ikaika compressive o ka mortar. ʻO ka ikaika o ka pahū i hui pū ʻia me SBC6 e piʻi liʻiliʻi i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a ʻo ka ikaika o ka mortar ma 3 d, 7 d a me 28d e piʻi i ka 15%, 3% a me 2% pakahi. Ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka ikaika compressive o ka mortar i hui pū ʻia me SBC8, a ʻo kona ikaika ma 3, 7 a me 28 mau lā i hoʻonui ʻia e 61%, 45% a me 18%, e hōʻike ana he ikaika ikaika ka SBC8 i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka mortar sima.

2.3.4 Ka mana o ka SBC molecular structure properties

Hoʻohui ʻia me ka loiloi ma luna o ka mana o SBC ma ka paʻi sima a me ka mortar, ʻaʻole paʻakikī ka ʻike ʻana i ka molecular structure o SBC, e like me ka viscosity hiʻohiʻona (pili i kona kaumaha molecular pili, kiʻekiʻe ka viscosity maʻamau, ʻo kona pili. He kiʻekiʻe ke kaumaha mole), ka sulfur maʻiʻo (e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā pūʻulu hydrophilic ikaika ma ke kaulahao mole, kiʻekiʻe sulfur maʻiʻo he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana, a me ka hope) e hoʻoholo i ka hana noi o SBC. Ke haʻahaʻa ka maʻiʻo o SBC8 me ka haʻahaʻa intrinsic viscosity a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka sulfur maʻiʻo, hiki ke loaʻa ka ikaika dispersion i nā ʻāpana sima, a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka saturation ma kahi o 1.0%. ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻia o ka manawa hoʻonohonoho o ka paʻi sima he pōkole. Piʻi aʻe ka ikaika compressive o ka mortar me ka wai like i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka SBC6 me ka viscosity intrinsic kiʻekiʻe a me ka sulfur haʻahaʻa i ka wā haʻahaʻa. Eia naʻe, ke hoʻonui ʻia kona ʻike ma kahi o 1.5%, ʻoi aku ka nui o kona hiki ke hoʻopuehu i nā ʻāpana. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka manawa hoʻonohonoho o ka slurry maʻemaʻe, e hōʻike ana i nā ʻano o ka hoʻonohonoho lohi. Ua kaupalena ʻia ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana o ka ikaika compressive mortar ma lalo o nā makahiki like ʻole. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka SBC ma mua o ka SNF i ka paʻa ʻana o ka mortar fluidity.

3. Ka hopena

1. Ua hoʻomākaukauʻia ka cellulose me ke kaulike polymerization degere mai ka cellulose, i hoʻoheheʻeʻia me ka 1,4 monobutyl sulfonolactone ma hope o ka NaOH alkaliization, a laila ua hoʻomākaukauʻia ka butyl sulfonolactone. ʻO nā kūlana hopena maikaʻi loa o ka huahana penei: lālani (Na0H); Na (AGU); n(BS) -2.5:1.0:1.7, he 4.5h ka manawa pane, he 75 ℃ ka wela o ka hopena. Hiki i ka alkalization hou a me ka etherification ke hōʻemi i ka viscosity hiʻohiʻona a hoʻonui i ka ʻike sulfur o ka huahana.

2. Hiki i ka SBC me ka viscosity kūpono a me ka sulfur maʻiʻo ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka wai o ka slurry sima a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka nalowale o ka wai. Ke piʻi ka nui o ka emi ʻana o ka wai i ka 16.5%, ʻike maopopo ʻia ka ikaika compressive o ka mortar specimen i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

3. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o SBC ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa wai e hōʻike ana i kahi pae o ka lohi. Ma lalo o ke kūlana o ka viscosity kiko'ī kūpono, hiki ke loaʻa ka mea hoʻemi wai hoʻemi kiʻekiʻe ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike sulfur a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke degere retarding. E pili ana i nā kūlana aupuni kūpono o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo SBC e lilo i mea hoʻemi wai me ka waiwai hoʻohana pono, hoʻopaneʻe i ka mea hoʻemi wai, hoʻopaneʻe i ka mea hoʻemi wai kūpono kiʻekiʻe, a hiki i ka mea hoʻemi wai hoʻemi kiʻekiʻe.