E aʻo i ka mana maikaʻi o Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

E like me ke kūlana o kēia manawa o ka hana HPMC ma koʻu ʻāina, ʻike ʻia nā mea e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, a ma kēia kumu, ke kūkākūkā a aʻo ʻia nei pehea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, i mea e hana ai.

Hua'ōlelo nui:hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; maikaʻi; hoʻomalu; noiʻi

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) mea he non-ionic wai-soluble cellulose i hui pū ʻia me ka pulupulu, lāʻau, a etherified me propylene oxide a me ka methyl chloride ma hope o ka pehu alkali. ʻO ka cellulose i hui pū ʻia ka ether ʻO ka derivative hoʻololi ʻia o ka ether substituent hoʻokahi i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa ma mua o ka monoether kumu, a hiki ke pāʻani i ka hana o ka cellulose ether i ʻoi aku ka piha a me ka maikaʻi. Ma waena o nā ethers i hui pū ʻia, ʻo ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ka mea nui loa. ʻO ke ala hoʻomākaukau e hoʻohui i ka propylene oxide i ka cellulose alkaline. Hiki ke wehewehe ʻia ka HPMC ʻoihana ma ke ʻano he huahana honua. ʻO ke degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hui methyl (waiwai DS) ʻo 1.3 a 2.2, a ʻo ka degere hoʻololi molar o hydroxypropyl he 0.1 a 0.8. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka ʻikepili ma luna nei he ʻokoʻa ka ʻike a me nā waiwai o ka methyl a me ka hydroxypropyl i HPMC, ka hopena i ka viscosity huahana hope loa a ʻO ka ʻokoʻa i ka like ʻole e alakaʻi i ka fluctuations i ka maikaʻi o nā huahana i hoʻopau ʻia o nā ʻoihana hana like ʻole.

Hoʻopuka ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i nā derivatives ether ma o nā hopena kemika, he hoʻololi nui i kona ʻano, ʻano a me nā waiwai, ʻoi aku ka solubility o cellulose, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia e like me ke ʻano a me ka nui o nā pūʻulu alkyl i hoʻokomo ʻia. E kiʻi i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe etera hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hopena alkali, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe polar (e like me ka ethanol, propanol) a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe non-polar (e like me benzene, ether), ka mea e hoʻonui nui ai i nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā kahua noi o nā derivatives cellulose.

1. Ka hopena o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose alkaliization kaʻina i ka maikaʻi

ʻO ke kaʻina hana alkalization ka hana mua i ka pae pane o ka hana HPMC, a ʻo ia kekahi o nā hana koʻikoʻi. Hoʻoholo nui ʻia ka maikaʻi o nā huahana HPMC e ke kaʻina alkalization, ʻaʻole ke kaʻina etherification, no ka mea, pili pono ka hopena alkali i ka hopena o ka etherification.

Hoʻopili ʻo Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose me ka hopena alkaline e hana i ka cellulose alkali, kahi mea hoʻoikaika nui. I ka hopena etherification, ka hopena nui o ka etherification agent i ka pehu, ke komo ʻana, a me ka etherification o cellulose a ʻO ka helu o nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao, ka like ʻole o ka hopena a me nā waiwai o ka huahana hope loa e pili ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka hoʻohui ʻana. alkali cellulose, no laila, ʻo ke ʻano a me nā waiwai kemika o ka cellulose alkali he mau mea noiʻi koʻikoʻi i ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose ether.

2. Ka hopena o ka mahana ma ka maikaʻi o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

I loko o kekahi kaila o KOH aqueous solution, ka nui adsorption a me ka pehu degere o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i ka alkali e hoʻonui me ka emi ʻana o ka mahana hopena. No ka laʻana, ʻokoʻa ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka cellulose alkali me ka manaʻo o KOH: 15 %, 8% ma 10°C, a me 4.2% ma 5°C. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia ʻano, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose alkali he kaʻina hana exothermic. Ke piʻi aʻe ka mahana, ka adsorption o hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ma ka alkali Ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nui, akā ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka hopena hydrolysis o ka cellulose alkali, ʻaʻole kūpono i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka cellulose alkali. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma luna aʻe ʻo ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka mahana alkalization e kōkua i ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose alkali a pale i ka hopena hydrolysis.

3. Ka hopena o nā mea hoʻohui i ka maikaʻi o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

I loko o ka pūnaewele cellulose-KOH-wai, ka mea hoʻohui—He mana nui ka paʻakai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka cellulose alkali. Ke emi iho ka nui o ka hopena KOH ma mua o 13%, ʻaʻole i hoʻopili ʻia ka adsorption o cellulose i ka alkali e ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka paʻakai potassium chloride. Ke kiʻekiʻe ka neʻe ʻana o ka hopena lye ma mua o 13%, ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka potassium chloride, ʻike ʻia ka adsorption o cellulose i ka alkali. ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka paʻakai i ka alkalization a me ka pehu ʻana o ka cellulose, akā hiki i ka paʻakai ke kāohi i ka hydrolysis a hoʻoponopono i ka ʻōnaehana ʻO ka wai manuahi e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hopena o ka alkalization a me ka etherification.

4. Ka hopena o ka hana hana i ka maikaʻi o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻoihana hana hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i koʻu ʻāina i ke kaʻina hana o ke ʻano solvent. ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau a me ke kaʻina hana etherification o ka alkali cellulose e hana ʻia i loko o kahi solvent organik inert, no laila pono e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka pulupulu i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻāpana Surface a me ka reactivity e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia.

E hoʻohui i ka cellulose pulverized, ka mea hoʻoheheʻe organik a me ka hopena alkali i loko o ka reactor, a hoʻohana i ka hoʻoulu ʻana mechanical ikaika i kekahi mahana a me ka manawa e loaʻa ai ka cellulose alkali me ka alkalization like a me ka emi ʻana o ka degradation. Organic dilution solvents (isopropanol, toluene, etc.) i kekahi inertness, i hana hydroxypropyl methylcellulose emit mehana wela i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana, e hōʻike ana i ka holomua hoʻokuʻu stepwise, oiai e hoemi ana i ka hydrolysis pane o ka alkali cellulose ma ka aoao ku e. ʻO ka cellulose alkali maikaʻi, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka lye i hoʻohana ʻia ma kēia loulou e like me 50%.

Ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻia ʻana o ka cellulose i ka lye, loaʻa ka cellulose alkali i ka pehu piha a me ka alkalized. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lye osmotically i ka cellulose, e kau ana i kumu maikaʻi no ka hopena etherification ma hope. ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe maʻamau ka nui o ka isopropanol, acetone, toluene, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokumuʻia nā papa luna a me lalo i ka huiʻana. ʻO ka papa luna i haku ʻia me ka isopropanol a me ka wai, a ʻo ka papa haʻahaʻa he alkali a me kahi mea liʻiliʻi o ka isopropanol. ʻO ka cellulose i hoʻopuehuʻia i loko o ka pūnaewele e pili pono ana me nā papa wai o luna a me lalo ma lalo o ka mechanical stirring. ʻO ka alkali i loko o ka ʻōnaehana Hoʻololi ke koena wai a hiki i ka hana ʻana o cellulose.

E like me ka cellulose non-ionic hui pū ʻia, aia ka ʻike o nā pūʻulu hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ma nā kaulahao macromolecular ʻokoʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻokoʻa ka māhele māhele o nā pūʻulu methyl a me hydroxypropyl ma ka C o kēlā me kēia kūlana apo glucose. Loaʻa iā ia ka hoʻopuehu nui a me ka randomness, e paʻakikī ana e hōʻoia i ka paʻa o ka huahana.