ʻO Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) a me ka methyl cellulose (MC) ʻelua mau mea hoʻohana cellulose i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻoihana he nui. ʻOiai ua loaʻa mai lāua ʻelua mai ka cellulose maoli, ma muli o nā kaʻina hana hoʻololi kemika ʻokoʻa, he ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi ka CMC a me MC i ka hoʻolālā kemika, nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika, a me nā kahua noi.
1. Puna a me ka ʻike kumu
Hoʻomākaukau ʻia ʻo Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) ma ka hana ʻana i ka cellulose kūlohelohe me ka waikawa chloroacetic ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka alkali. He mea hoʻoheheʻe cellulose anionic i ka wai. Loaʻa ka CMC ma ke ʻano o ka paʻakai sodium, no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose (Na-CMC). Ma muli o kāna hana hoʻoponopono maikaʻi a me ka hoʻoponopono viscosity, hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo CMC i ka meaʻai, lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻaila ʻaila, textile a me nā ʻoihana pepa.
Hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka Methylcellulose (MC) e ka methylating cellulose me ka methyl chloride (a i ʻole nā mea hoʻokalakupua methylating ʻē aʻe). He derivative cellulose non-ionic. Loaʻa i ka MC nā waiwai gel thermal, paʻa ka hopena i ka wā i wela ai a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ke hoʻomaloʻo. Ma muli o kāna mau waiwai kūikawā, hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo MC i nā mea kūkulu hale, nā hoʻomākaukau lāʻau lapaʻau, nā uhi, nā meaʻai a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.
2. ʻO ke kinona
ʻO ke kumu kumu o CMC ka hoʻokomo ʻana o kahi hui carboxymethyl (-CH2COOH) ma ka ʻāpana glucose o ka paʻa β-1,4-glucosidic o cellulose. Hana kēia hui carboxyl i anionic. ʻO ka molecular structure o CMC he helu nui o nā hui sodium carboxylate. Hoʻokaʻawale maʻalahi kēia mau pūʻulu i ka wai, e hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia nā molekala CMC, no laila e hāʻawi iā ia i ka solubility wai maikaʻi a me nā waiwai mānoanoa.
ʻO ke ʻano molekole o MC ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā pūʻulu methoxy (-OCH3) i loko o nā molekole cellulose, a ua pani kēia mau pūʻulu methoxy i kahi hapa o nā pūʻulu hydroxyl i loko o nā molekole cellulose. ʻAʻohe pūʻulu ionized i loko o ka hoʻolālā MC, no laila ʻaʻole ionic, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokaʻawale a hoʻopiʻi ʻia i ka hopena. Hoʻokumu ʻia kāna mau waiwai gel thermal ma muli o ke alo o kēia mau pūʻulu methoxy.
3. Solubility a me nā waiwai kino
Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi ʻia ka CMC i ka wai a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe koke ʻia i loko o ka wai anuanu e hana i kahi wai viscous akaka. No ka mea he anionic polymer, pili ka solubility o CMC e ka ikaika ionic a me ka waiwai pH o ka wai. Ma nā wahi paʻakai kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā kūlana waikawa ikaika, e emi ana ka solubility a me ka paʻa o CMC. Eia kekahi, paʻa ka viscosity o CMC i nā mahana like ʻole.
Pili ka solubility o MC i ka wai i ka mahana. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai anuanu akā e hana i kahi gel ke hoʻomehana ʻia. ʻO kēia waiwai gel thermal e hiki ai iā MC ke pāʻani i nā hana kūikawā i ka ʻoihana meaʻai a me nā mea kūkulu hale. Ke emi nei ka viscosity o MC i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana, a he kūpaʻa maikaʻi kona i ka degradation enzymatic a me ke kūpaʻa.
4. Nā hiʻohiʻona viscosity
ʻO ka viscosity o CMC kekahi o kāna mau waiwai kino koʻikoʻi. Pili loa ka viscosity i kona kaumaha molekala a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi. ʻO ka viscosity o ka hoʻonā CMC he hiki ke hoʻoponopono maikaʻi, e hana pinepine i ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe ma ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (1% -2%), no laila e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e like me ka mānoanoa, stabilizer a me ka mea hoʻomaha.
Ua pili pū ka viscosity o MC i kona kaumaha molekala a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi. ʻO MC me nā degere like ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana he ʻano viscosity ʻokoʻa. Loaʻa i ka MC kahi hopena mānoanoa maikaʻi i ka hopena, akā i ka wā e wela ai i kahi mahana, e gel ka hopena MC. Hoʻohana nui ʻia kēia waiwai gelling i ka ʻoihana hana (e like me ka gypsum, cement) a me ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka meaʻai (Pēlā me ka mānoanoa, hoʻokumu kiʻiʻoniʻoni, etc.).
5. Nā wahi noi
Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia ʻo CMC ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa, emulsifier, stabilizer, a me ka mea hoʻokuʻu i ka ʻoihana meaʻai. No ka laʻana, i ka ice cream, yogurt a me nā mea inu huaʻai, hiki i ka CMC ke pale pono i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā mea hana a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻono a me ke kūpaʻa o ka huahana. I ka ʻoihana ʻaila, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau lepo e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai a me ka nalowale o ka wai o nā wai wili. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka pulp i ka ʻoihana pepa a ma ke ʻano he sizing agent i ka ʻoihana textile.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo MC i ka ʻoihana kūkulu, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā morta maloʻo, nā tile adhesives a me nā pauka putty. Ma ke ʻano he mea mānoanoa a me ka mea mālama wai, hiki iā MC ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana kūkulu ʻana a me ka ikaika paʻa. I ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo MC e like me nā mea hoʻopaʻa papa, nā mea hoʻokuʻu hoʻomau a me nā mea pā capsule. ʻO kāna mau waiwai thermogelling hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia i kekahi mau ʻano. Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo MC i ka ʻoihana meaʻai e like me ka mānoanoa, stabilizer a me ka emulsifier no ka meaʻai, e like me nā kīʻaha, hoʻopiha, berena, etc.
6. Ka palekana a me ka biodegradability
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo CMC he mea hoʻohui meaʻai palekana. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina toxicological nui ʻaʻole ʻino ka CMC i ke kino o ke kanaka ma ke ʻano i ʻōlelo ʻia. No ka mea he derivative ʻo CMC e pili ana i ka cellulose kūlohelohe a loaʻa ka biodegradability maikaʻi, maʻalahi ia i ke kaiapuni a hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia e nā microorganism.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo MC he mea hoʻohui palekana a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā meaʻai a me nā mea hoʻonaninani. ʻO kona ʻano non-ionic e paʻa loa i loko o vivo a me in vitro. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka MC e like me ka CMC, hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia e nā microorganism ma lalo o nā kūlana kikoʻī.
ʻOiai ʻo ka carboxymethyl cellulose a me ka methyl cellulose ka mea i loaʻa mai ka cellulose kūlohelohe, loaʻa iā lākou nā ʻano like ʻole i ka hoʻohana pono ʻana ma muli o ko lākou mau ʻano kemika like ʻole, nā waiwai kino a me nā kahua noi. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo CMC i ka meaʻai, lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻoihana ʻoihana ma muli o kona ʻano wai maikaʻi, ka mānoanoa a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā waiwai, ʻoiai ʻo MC e noho i kahi kūlana koʻikoʻi i ke kūkulu ʻana, lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻoihana meaʻai ma muli o kāna mau waiwai gel thermal a me ke kūpaʻa. Loaʻa iā lāua nā mea hoʻohana kūʻokoʻa i ka ʻoihana hou, a he mau mea ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Oct-18-2024