Mai ka hiki ʻana mai o nā mea hoʻonaninani hoʻōla i ke kenekulia i hala, ʻo ka sodium alginate (SA) ka mea nui o ka paʻi ʻana i ka wai hoʻonaninani ma nā lole pulupulu.
paʻi. Eia nō naʻe, me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o nā koi o ka poʻe no ka paʻi ʻana i ka hopena, ʻo ka sodium alginate ma ke ʻano he paʻi paʻi ʻaʻole kū kūʻē i ka waikawa ikaika a me ka alkali.
A he liʻiliʻi ka viscosity structural, no laila ua kaupalena ʻia kāna noi i ka paʻi ʻana i ka pale (flat) i kahi ākea;
Ke piʻi aʻe nei ke kumukūʻai o ka sodium alginate, no laila ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe i ka noiʻi ʻana i kāna mau koho, ʻo ka cellulose ether kekahi o nā mea nui.
ʻano ʻano. Akā i kēia manawa, ʻo ka mea nui i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka cellulose ether he pulupulu, ke emi nei kāna huahana, a ke piʻi nei hoʻi ke kumukūʻai.
Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka pōʻino o nā mea etherifying e like me ka chloroacetic acid (nui loa) a me ka ethylene oxide (carcinogenic) i ke kino kanaka a me ke kaiapuni.
No keia mea, ma keia pepa, ua unuhiia ka cellulose etera mai na mea kanu, a ua hoohana ia ka sodium chloroacetate a me ka 2-chloroethanol i mau mea etherifying e hoomakaukau ai i ka carboxylate.
ʻEkolu mau ʻano fiber: methyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) a me hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose (HECMC)
ʻekolucellulose ethersa ua hoʻohana ʻia ka SA i ka paʻi ʻana i ka lole pulupulu, a ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ko lākou mau hopena paʻi.
hua. Ua māhele ʻia ka ʻike noiʻi nui o ka thesis i ʻekolu ʻāpana:
(1) Wehe i ka cellulose mai ka ʻōpala mea kanu. Ma o ka mālama ʻana i ʻelima mau ʻōpala mea kanu (ka ʻōpala laiki, ka ʻōpala laiki, ka mauʻu palaoa, ka ʻōpala paina.
a me ka bagasse) no ka hoʻoholo ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana (maʻa, lehu, lignin, cellulose a me hemicellulose), koho ʻia.
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻekolu mau mea kanu mea kanu (pine sawdust, kaʻu palaoa a me ka bagasse) no ka lawe ʻana i ka cellulose, a lawe ʻia ka cellulose.
Ua optimized ke kaʻina hana; Ma lalo o nā kūlana kaʻina hana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ua loaʻa nā ʻāpana o ka pine cellulose, ka mauʻu palaoa cellulose a me ka bagasse cellulose.
ʻO ka maʻemaʻe ma luna o 90%, aʻo ka hua ma luna o 40%; Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ka nānā ʻana o ka spectrum infrared a me ka spectrum absorption ultraviolet i nā haumia
Hoʻopau maoli ʻia ka lignin a me ka hemicellulose, a ʻo ka cellulose i loaʻa he maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe; hiki ke ike ia mai ka X-ray diffraction analysis ua like ia me ka mea kanu maka.
I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka crystallinity pili o ka huahana i loaʻa.
(2) Ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana a me ke ʻano o ka cellulose ethers. Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cellulose lāʻau pine i unuhi ʻia mai ka ʻōpala paina ma ke ʻano he mea maka, ua hoʻokō ʻia kahi hoʻokolohua kumu hoʻokahi.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana pretreatment alkali decrystallization o pine cellulose i hoʻopaʻa ʻia; a ma ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua orthogonal a me nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokahi kumu, ka
ʻO nā kaʻina hana no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka CMC, HEC a me HECMC mai ka lāʻau paina alkali cellulose i hoʻopaʻa ʻia;
CMC me DS a hiki i 1.237, HEC me MS a hiki i 1.657, a me HECMC me DS o 0.869 i loaa. Wahi a FTIR a me H-NMR, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā hui ether pili i loko o nā huahana cellulose etherification ʻekolu;
Ua hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻano aniani o nā ethers maʻemaʻe CMC, HEC a me HEECMC i ke ʻano cellulose II, a ua emi nui ka crystallinity.
(3) Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cellulose ether paste. ʻEkolu mau ʻano cellulose eter i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana kaʻina hana maikaʻi loa i hoʻohana ʻia no ka lole pulupulu
Paʻi ʻia me nā mea hoʻoula hou a hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka sodium alginate. Ua ʻike ka haʻawina ʻo SA, CMC, HEC a me HECMC ʻehā kumu kumu
ʻO nā pāpaʻi nā wai pseudoplastic āpau, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pseudoplasticity o nā eter cellulose ʻekolu ma mua o ka SA; ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā pāpaʻi ʻehā
ʻO ia: SA > CMC > HECMC > HEC. Ma ke ʻano o ka paʻi paʻi ʻana, ʻike ʻia ka CMC kala kala a me ke komo ʻana, paʻi lima
ʻO ka naʻau, ka paʻi kala kala, a pēlā aku e like me SA, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka depaste rate o CMC ma mua o SA;
Ua like ka SA, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka HEC o ka waihoʻoluʻu, ka permeability a me ka wikiwiki o ka hamo ma mua o SA; ʻO ka manaʻo paʻi HECMC, kū'ē kū'ē
ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka waihoʻoluʻu i ka hamo ʻana ua like ia me SA, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka neʻe ʻana o ka paʻi ma mua o SA, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka waiho ʻana o ka waihoʻoluʻu a me ka mālama ʻana o HEECMC ma mua o SA.
Hua'ōlelo nui: ʻōpala mea kanu; cellulose; cellulose ether; hoʻololi etherification; paʻi wai hoʻoula hou;
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-26-2022