Puhi:ʻO ka cellulose ether ka mea hoʻohui nui i ka mortar mākaukau. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka cellulose ether, a ua koho ʻia ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC) i mea hoʻohui no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka mana ma nā ʻano waiwai like ʻole o ka mortar. . Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina: Hiki i ka HPMC ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka palaki, a loaʻa ka hopena o ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka wai. I ka manawa like, hiki iā ia ke hoʻemi i ka nui o ka hui ʻana o ka mortar, hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa hoʻonohonoho o ka mortar, a hoʻemi i ka ikaika flexural a me ka compressive o ka mortar.
Hua'ōlelo nui:moka i hoʻohui ʻia; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC); hoʻokō
0.Olelo mua
ʻO ka mortar kekahi o nā mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana kūkulu. Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻepekema waiwai a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā koi o ka poʻe no ka maikaʻi o ke kūkulu ʻana, ua ulu mālie ka mortar i ka ʻoihana e like me ka hoʻolaha ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻāpana i hoʻomākaukau ʻia. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka mortar i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka ʻenehana kuʻuna, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pōmaikaʻi i hana ʻia ma ke kālepa: (a) ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka huahana; (b) hana kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe; (c) liʻiliʻi ka haumia kaiapuni a maʻalahi no ke kūkulu ʻana. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Guangzhou, Shanghai, Beijing a me nā kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe ma Kina, ua hoʻolaha a hoʻopuka koke ʻia nā kūlana ʻoihana kūpono a me nā kūlana aupuni.
Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka haku mele ʻana, ʻo kahi ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka mortar mākaukau a me ka mortar kuʻuna ʻo ia ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā mea hoʻohui kemika, a ma waena o ka cellulose ether ka mea hoʻohana pinepine ʻia. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka cellulose ether ma ke ʻano he mea mālama wai. ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana o ka mortar i hoʻohui ʻia. Heʻuʻuku ka nui o ka cellulose ether, akā he hopena koʻikoʻi i ka hana o ka mortar. He mea hoʻohui nui ia e pili ana i ka hana kūkulu ʻana o ka mortar. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo hou ʻana i ka hopena o nā ʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka cellulose ether i ka hana ʻana o ka mortar sima e kōkua i ke koho a hoʻohana pono i ka cellulose ether a hōʻoia i ka hana paʻa o ka mortar.
1. Nā ʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka cellulose ethers
ʻO ka cellulose ether he mea polymer wai, i hanaʻia mai ka cellulose maoli ma o ka alkali dissolution, grafting reaction (etherification), holoi, maloʻo, wili a me nā hana'ē aʻe. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā cellulose ethers i ka ionic a me ka nonionic, a ʻo ka ionic cellulose he carboxymethyl cellulose paʻakai. Nonionic cellulose e pili ana i ka hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, methyl cellulose ether a me nā mea like. Ma muli o ka paʻa ʻole o ka ionic cellulose ether (carboxymethyl cellulose paʻakai) i mua o nā ion calcium, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia i nā huahana pauka maloʻo me ka sima, slaked lime a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā cellulose ethers i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mortar pauka maloʻo ka nui o ka hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether (HEMC) a me ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC), ʻoi aku ka nui o ka 90% o ka māhele mākeke.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka HPMC e ka etherification reaction o cellulose alkali activation treatment me ka etherification agent methyl chloride a propylene oxide. I ka hopena etherification, ua hoʻololi ʻia ka hui hydroxyl ma ka mole cellulose e ka methoxy) a me ka hydroxypropyl e hana i ka HPMC. Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ka helu o nā pūʻulu i hoʻololi ʻia e ka hui hydroxyl ma ka mole cellulose e ke degere o ka etherification (i kapa ʻia ʻo ke degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana). ʻO ka ether o HPMC ʻO ke degere o ka hoʻololi kemika ma waena o 12 a me 15. No laila, aia nā pūʻulu koʻikoʻi e like me ka hydroxyl (-OH), ka paʻa eter (-o-) a me ke apo anhydroglucose i loko o ka hale HPMC, a ua loaʻa i kēia mau pūʻulu kekahi. hopena i ka hana o ka mortar .
2. Ka hopena o ka cellulose ether ma luna o nā waiwai o ka mīkini sima
2.1 Mea maka no ka hoao ana
Cellulose ether: hana ʻia e Luzhou Hercules Tianpu Chemical Co., Ltd., viscosity: 75000;
Sima: Conch brand 32.5 grade composite sima; one: one one; lehu lele: grade II.
2.2 Nā hopena hoʻāʻo
2.2.1 Ka hopena hoʻemi wai o ka cellulose ether
Mai ka pilina ma waena o ka paʻa o ka mortar a me ka maʻiʻo o ka cellulose ether ma lalo o ka lakene hui like, hiki ke ʻike ʻia e piʻi mālie ka paʻa o ka mortar me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻike o ka cellulose ether. Ke 0.3 ‰ ka dosage, ʻoi aku ka 50% kiʻekiʻe o ke ʻano o ka mortar ma mua o kēlā me ka hui ʻole ʻana, e hōʻike ana e hiki i ka cellulose ether ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka hana o ka mortar. Ke piʻi aʻe nei ka nui o ka cellulose ether, hiki ke emi iki ka hoʻohana wai. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia he hopena hoʻemi wai ka cellulose ether.
2.2.2 Paʻa wai
ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar e pili ana i ka hiki o ka mortar ke mālama i ka wai, a ʻo ia hoʻi kahi kuhikuhi hana e ana i ka paʻa o nā ʻāpana kūloko o ka mortar sima hou i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana a me ke kaʻa. Hiki ke ana ʻia ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai e ʻelua mau hōʻailona: degere o ka stratification a me ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, akā ma muli o ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka mea mālama wai, ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, a ʻaʻole lawa ka maʻalahi o ka stratification. e hōʻike i ka ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo paʻa wai ka helu ʻana i ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ma ke ana ʻana i ka loli nui o ka pepa kānana ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka pepa kānana me ka wahi o ka mortar i loko o kekahi manawa. Ma muli o ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i ka wai o ka pepa kānana, ʻoiai ke kiʻekiʻe ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar, hiki i ka pepa kānana ke hoʻopaʻa i ka wai i loko o ka mortar, no laila. Hiki i ka wai paʻa ke hoʻohālikelike pono i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻa wai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai.
Nui nā ala ʻenehana e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai o ka mortar, akā ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka cellulose ether ke ala ʻoi loa. Aia i loko o ke ʻano o ka cellulose ether nā paʻa hydroxyl a me ether. Hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻātoma oxygen ma kēia mau pūʻulu me nā molekele wai e hana i nā paʻa hydrogen. E hana i nā molekala wai manuahi i wai paʻa, i mea e hana maikaʻi ai i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai. Mai ka pilina ma waena o ka paʻa wai o ka mortar a me ka maʻiʻo o ka cellulose ether, hiki ke ʻike ʻia i loko o ka laulā o ka maʻiʻo hoʻāʻo, ʻo ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar a me ka ʻike o ka cellulose ether e hōʻike i kahi pilina pili maikaʻi. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka cellulose ether, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻa wai. .
2.2.3 ʻO ka nui o ka hui ʻana o ka moka
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia mai ke kānāwai hoʻololi o ka mānoanoa o ka hui mortar me ka maʻiʻo o ka cellulose ether i ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ka hui ʻana o ka mortar me ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻiʻo o ka cellulose ether, a me ka mānoanoa o ka mortar i ka wā o ka ʻike. ʻo 0.3‰o Ua emi ma kahi o 17% (hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hui ʻole). ʻElua kumu no ka emi ʻana o ka mortar density: ʻo ka hopena hoʻokomo ea o cellulose ether. Aia ka cellulose ether i nā pūʻulu alkyl, hiki ke hoʻemi i ka ikehu o ka ʻili wai, a loaʻa ka hopena ea i ka mortar sima, e hoʻonui ai i ka ea o ka mortar, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakikī o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. nā ʻōhū wai maʻemaʻe, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana; ma kekahiʻaoʻao, hoʻonui ka cellulose ether ma hope o ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka wai a noho i kekahi leo, e like me ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā pores o loko o ka mortar, no laila ke kumu e hui ai ka mortar Density drops.
ʻO ka hopena o ka ea o ka cellulose ether e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o ka mortar ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, a ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ka ea, ua wehe ʻia ke ʻano o ke kino paʻakikī, e hopena i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka emi ʻana. nā ʻano mekini e like me ka ikaika.
2.2.4 Ka manawa coagulation
Mai ka pilina ma waena o ka manawa hoʻonohonoho o ka mortar a me ka nui o ka ether, hiki ke ʻike maopopo ʻia he hopena koʻikoʻi ka cellulose ether i ka mortar. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka dosage, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka hopena lohi.
ʻO ka hopena hoʻopaneʻe o ka cellulose ether e pili kokoke ana i kona mau hiʻohiʻona. Mālama ʻo Cellulose ether i ke ʻano kumu o ka cellulose, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke noho mau nei ke apo anhydroglucose i loko o ka molecular structure o cellulose ether, a ʻo ke apo anhydroglucose ke kumu o ka hui nui o ka sima retarding, hiki ke hana i ke kō-calcium molecular. pūhui (ai 'ole complexes) me ka calcium ions i loko o ka sima hydration aqueous solution, e hoemi ana i ka calcium ion i loko o ka sima hydration induction manawa a pale aku Ca(OH): A me ka calcium paʻakai crystal formation, precipitation, a hoʻopaneʻe i ke kaʻina hana o ka sima hydration.
2.2.5 Ka ikaika
Mai ka mana o ka cellulose ether ma ka flexural a me ka ikaika compressive o ka mortar, hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka ʻike o ka cellulose ether, ʻo ka 7-lā a me 28-lā flexural a compressive ikaika o ka mortar e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻano iho.
ʻO ke kumu o ka emi ʻana o ka ikaika mortar hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i ka piʻi ʻana o ka ea, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka porosity o ka mortar paʻakikī a hoʻokuʻu i ke ʻano o loko o ke kino paʻakikī. Ma o ka loiloi regression o ka pulu pulu a me ka ikaika compressive o ka mortar, ua hiki ke ike i ka maikai correlation ma waena o na mea elua, ka pulu pulu, haʻahaʻa ka ikaika, a me ka hope, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe. Ua hoʻohana ʻo Huang Liangen i ka hoʻohālikelike pili ma waena o ka porosity a me ka ikaika mechanical i loaʻa e Ryskewith e unuhi i ka pilina ma waena o ka ikaika compressive o ka mortar i hui pū ʻia me cellulose ether a me ka ʻike o ka cellulose ether.
3. Ka hopena
(1) ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi mea i loaʻa i ka cellulose, me ka hydroxyl,
ʻO nā paʻa Ether, nā apo anhydroglucose a me nā hui ʻē aʻe, pili kēia mau pūʻulu i nā waiwai kino a me nā mechanical o ka mortar.
(2) Hiki i ka HPMC ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mortar, hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa hoʻonohonoho o ka mortar, e hoʻemi i ka nui o ka hui ʻana i ka palaki a me ka ikaika o ke kino paʻakikī.
(3) I ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka mortar i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, pono e hoʻohana pono ʻia ka cellulose ether. E hoʻoholo i ka pilina kū'ē ma waena o ka hana pahū a me nā waiwai mechanical.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Feb-20-2023