Mea maka no ka Cellulose Etera

Ua aʻo ʻia ke kaʻina hana o ka pulp viscosity kiʻekiʻe no cellulose ether. Ua kūkākūkā ʻia nā kumu nui e pili ana i ka kuke ʻana a me ka bleaching i ke kaʻina hana o ka pulp viscosity kiʻekiʻe. E like me nā koi o ka mea kūʻai aku, ma o ka hoʻāʻo kumu hoʻokahi a me ke ʻano hoʻāʻo orthogonal, i hui pū ʻia me ka mana pono o ka ʻoihana, nā ʻāpana kaʻina hana o ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe.pulupulu maemaepulp mea makano ka cellulose etera ua hooholoia. Ke hoʻohana nei i kēia kaʻina hana, ka keʻokeʻo o ka kiʻekiʻe-viscosityhoʻomaʻemaʻepulupulu pulp i hanaia no ka cellulose ether he≥85%, a ʻo ka viscosity≥1800 mL/g.

Hua'ōlelo nui: kiʻekiʻe viscosity pulp no cellulose ether; kaʻina hana; kuke ʻana; bleaching

ʻO Cellulose ka mea nui loa a hiki ke hoʻololi hou i ka polymer maʻamau i ke ʻano. Loaʻa iā ia kahi ākea o nā kumu, kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, a me ke aloha kaiapuni. Hiki ke loaʻa ke ʻano o ka cellulose derivatives ma o ka hoʻololi kemika. ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi pūhui polymer kahi i hoʻololi ʻia ai ka hydrogen i loko o ka pūʻulu hydroxyl ma ka pūʻulu glucose cellulose e kahi hui hydrocarbon. Ma hope o ka etherification, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka cellulose i ka wai, dilute alkali solution a me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe organik, a he thermoplasticity. ʻO Kina ka mea hana nui loa a me ka mea kūʻai aku i ka cellulose ether, me ka awelika o ka ulu ʻana o ka makahiki ma mua o 20%. Nui nā ʻano cellulose ethers me ka hana maikaʻi loa, a hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i ke kūkulu ʻana, sima, ʻaila, meaʻai, textile, detergent, pena, lāʻau lapaʻau, pepa a me nā mea uila a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.

Me ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka māla o nā derivatives e like me cellulose ether, ke hoʻonui nei ka koi no nā mea maka no kāna hana. ʻO nā mea waiwai nui no ka hana cellulose ether he pulupulu pulupulu, pulp lāʻau, pulp bamboo, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. he kumu waiwai kūpono no ka hana ʻana i ka cellulose ether. Hoʻokomo wale ʻia nā lako a me nā ʻenehana kūikawā no ka hana cellulose kūikawā, hoʻohana i ka kuke haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻenehana hana bleaching mau ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka mana piha o ke kaʻina hana, ke kaʻina hana kaʻina pololei i hiki i ka pae kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻoihana like ma ka home a ma waho. . Ma ke noi o nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka home a ma waho, ua hana ka hui i nā hoʻokolohua noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka pulp pulupulu viscosity kiʻekiʻe no cellulose ether, a ua hoʻokipa maikaʻi ʻia nā mea hoʻohālike e nā mea kūʻai.

1. Hoao

1.1 Mea maka

Pono ka pulp viscosity kiʻekiʻe no ka cellulose ether e hoʻokō i nā koi o ke keʻokeʻo kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe viscosity a me ka lepo haʻahaʻa. Ma ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻano o ka pulupulu pulupulu kiʻekiʻe viscosity no cellulose ether, ʻo ka mea mua, ua mālama ʻia ka mana koʻikoʻi ma ke koho ʻana i nā mea maka, a me nā linters pulupulu me ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe viscosity, ʻaʻohe ʻekolu-filament, a me nā hua pulupulu haʻahaʻa. Ua koho ʻia ka ʻike o ka hull ma ke ʻano he kumu. E like me nā linters pulupulu ma luna nei E like me nā koi o nā hōʻailona like ʻole, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e hoʻohana i nā linters pulupulu ma Xinjiang e like me ka mea maka no ka hana ʻana i ka pulp viscosity kiʻekiʻe no ka cellulose ether. ʻO nā hōʻailona maikaʻi o Xinjiang cashmere he: viscosity≥2000 mL/g, oo≥70%, sulfuric acid insoluble mea≤6.0%, maʻiʻo lehu≤1.7%.

1.2 Nā mea hana a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau

Mea hoʻāʻo: PL-100 ipu hao uila (Chengyang Taisite Experimental Equipment Co., Ltd.), mea ʻauʻau wai wela mau (Longkou Electric Furnace Factory), PHSJ 3F precision pH mika (Shanghai Yidian Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.), ʻO ka viscometer capillary, WSB～2 mika keʻokeʻo (Jinan Sanquan Zhongshishi

Laboratory Instrument Co., Ltd.).

Nā lāʻau hoʻokolohua: NaOH, HCl, NaClO, H2O2, NaSiO3.

1.3 Alanui kaʻina hana

ʻO nā pulu pulupulu→kuke ʻana alkali→holoi→pulping→bleaching (me ka mālama ʻana i ka waikawa)→hana pulp→huahana pau→hoʻāʻo kuhikuhi

1.4 Maʻiʻo hoʻokolohua

Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kaʻina hana kuke ma ke kaʻina hana maoli, e hoʻohana ana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea pulu a me nā ʻano kuke kuke alkaline. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe wale a wehe i nā linters pulupulu quantitative, e hoʻohui i ka lye i helu ʻia e like me ka ratio wai a me ka nui o ka alkali i hoʻohana ʻia, hoʻohui piha i nā linters pulupulu a me ka lye, hoʻokomo iā lākou i loko o ka pahu kuke, a kuke e like me nā mahana kuke like ʻole a me nā manawa paʻa. Kuke ia. Holoi ʻia ka pulp ma hope o ka kuke ʻana, hahau ʻia a bleach no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma hope.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana bleaching: koho pololei ʻia nā ʻāpana e like me ka pulp concentration a me ka waiwai pH e like me ka hiki maoli o nā mea hana a me nā hana bleaching, a ua kūkākūkā ʻia nā ʻāpana kūpono e like me ka nui o ka bleaching agent ma o nā hoʻokolohua.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ʻekolu mau ʻanuʻu: (1) Ma mua o ka chlorination pae bleaching, hoʻoponopono i ka neʻe ʻana o ka pulp i 3%, hoʻohui i ka waikawa e hoʻomalu i ka waiwai pH o ka pulp i 2.2-2.3, hoʻohui i kahi nui o ka sodium hypochlorite e bleach ma lumi wela no 40 mau minuke. (2) Hydrogen peroxide pauku bleaching, hoʻololi i ka pulp concentration i 8%, hoʻohui i ka sodium hydroxide e alkalinize slurry, hoʻohui i ka hydrogen peroxide a hoʻokō i ka bleaching ma kahi mahana (ʻo ka hydrogen peroxide bleaching pauku e hoʻohui i kahi nui o ka stabilizer sodium silicate). Ua ʻimi ʻia ka mahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe kikoʻī, hydrogen peroxide a me ka manawa bleaching ma o nā hoʻokolohua. (3) ʻO ka ʻāpana lapaʻau ʻakika: hoʻoponopono i ka neʻe ʻana o ka pulp i 6%, hoʻohui i ka waikawa a me nā mea hoʻoneʻe ion metala no ka mālama ʻana i ka waikawa, ua hana ʻia ke kaʻina hana o kēia ʻāpana e like me ke kaʻina hana o ka pulupulu pulupulu kūikawā kūikawā o ka hui, a hana ke kaʻina hana. ʻaʻole pono e kūkākūkā hou ʻia ma ka hoʻokolohua.

I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana hoʻokolohua, hoʻoponopono kēlā me kēia pae o ka bleaching i ka neʻe ʻana o ka pulp a me ka pH, hoʻohui i kahi ʻāpana o ka bleaching reagent, hui pū i ka pulp a me ka bleaching reagent i loko o kahi ʻeke i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka polyethylene plastic, a waiho i loko o kahi ʻauʻau wai wela mau no ka mahana mau. bleaching no ka manawa i oleloia. Ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe E wehe i ka slurry waena i kēlā me kēia 10 mau minuke, hui a kāwili ʻia e hōʻoia i ka like o ka bleaching. Ma hope o kēlā me kēia pae o ka bleaching, holoi ʻia me ka wai, a laila hele i ka pae aʻe o ka bleaching.

1.5 Ka nānā ʻana a me ka ʻike ʻana i ka slurry

GB / T8940.2-2002 a me GB / T7974-2002 ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka hoomakaukau ana a me ka whiteness ana o slurry whiteness Eia kekahi laʻana; GB/T1548-2004 ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka slurry viscosity ana.

2. Nā hopena a me ke kūkākūkā

2.1 Ka nānā 'ana i ka pahuhopu

E like me nā pono o nā mea kūʻai aku, ʻo nā hōʻailona ʻenehana nui o ka pulp viscosity kiʻekiʻe no ka cellulose ether: keʻokeʻo.≥85%, viscosity≥1800 mL/g,α-cellulose≥90%, maʻiʻo lehu≤0.1%, hao≤12 mg / kg etc. E like me nā makahiki he nui o ka ʻoihana i ka hana ʻana i ka pulp pulupulu kūikawā, ma ka hoʻomalu ʻana i nā kūlana kuke kūpono, ka holoi ʻana a me nā kūlana hoʻomaʻamaʻa waikawa i ka hana bleaching,α-cellulose, lehu, ka hao a me nā mea hōʻailona ʻē aʻe, maʻalahi ke hoʻokō i nā koi i ka hana maoli. No laila, lawe ʻia ka keʻokeʻo a me ka viscosity i mea nui o kēia hoʻomohala hoʻokolohua.

2.2 Kaʻina kuke

ʻO ke kaʻina hana e hoʻopau ai i ka pā mua o ka fiber me ka sodium hydroxide ma lalo o kahi mahana kuke a me ke kaomi, no laila e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka wai-soluble a me ka alkali-soluble non-cellulose haumia, momona a me ka wax i loko o ka pulupulu linters, a me ka maʻiʻo oα- hoʻonui ʻia ka cellulose. . Ma muli o ka ʻoki ʻana o nā kaulahao macromolecular cellulose i ka wā o ke kaʻina kuke, hoʻemi ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o ka polymerization a hoʻemi ʻia ka viscosity. Inā maʻalahi ka pae o ka kuke ʻana, ʻaʻole e kuke maikaʻi ʻia ka pulp, ʻilihune ka bleaching ma hope aʻe, a paʻa ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka huahana; inā he kaumaha loa ke degere o ka kuke ʻana, e depolymerize nā kaulahao molekule cellulose a haʻahaʻa loa ka viscosity. Me ka noʻonoʻo piha ʻana i nā koi bleachability a me ka viscosity index index o ka slurry, ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka viscosity o ka slurry ma hope o ka kuke ʻana.≥1900 mL/g, a me ka keokeo≥55%.

Wahi a nā kumu nui e pili ana i ka hopena kuke: ka nui o ka alkali i hoʻohana ʻia, ka mahana kuke, a me ka manawa paʻa, hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano hoʻokolohua orthogonal e hana i nā hoʻokolohua e koho i nā kūlana kaʻina hana kūpono.

Wahi a nā ʻikepili maikaʻi ʻole o nā hopena hoʻāʻo orthogonal, ʻo ka hopena o nā kumu ʻekolu i ka hopena kuke e like me kēia: ka mahana kuke> ka nui alkali> ka manawa paʻa. ʻO ka mahana kuke a me ka nui o ka alkali he mana nui i ka viscosity a me ke keʻokeʻo o ka pulupulu pulupulu. Me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana kuke a me ka nui o ka alkali, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka keʻokeʻo, akā e emi ana ka viscosity. No ka hana ʻana i ka pulp viscosity kiʻekiʻe, pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā kūlana kuke maʻalahi e like me ka hiki ke hōʻoia i ka keʻokeʻo. No laila, i ka hui pū ʻana me ka ʻikepili hoʻokolohua, ʻo 115 ka mahana kuke°C, a ʻo ka nui o ka alkali i hoʻohana ʻia he 9%. ʻOi aku ka nāwaliwali o ka hopena o ka manawa paʻa ma waena o nā kumu ʻekolu ma mua o nā kumu ʻelua. No ka mea e hoʻohana ana kēia kuke i kahi ala haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka kūlike o ka kuke ʻana a hōʻoia i ka paʻa o ka viscosity kuke, koho ʻia ka manawa paʻa e like me 70 mau minuke. No laila, ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka hui pū ʻana o A2B2C3 i ke kaʻina kuke maikaʻi loa no ka pulp kiʻekiʻe-viscosity. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kaʻina hana, ʻo ka keʻokeʻo o ka pulp hope he 55.3%, a ʻo ka viscosity he 1945 mL / g.

2.3 Kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe

2.3.1 Kaʻina hana mua-chlorination

Ma ka ʻāpana pre-chlorination, hoʻohui ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka sodium hypochlorite i ka pulupulu pulupulu e hoʻohuli i ka lignin i loko o ka pulupulu pulp i chlorinated lignin a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka pae pre-chlorination, pono e hoʻomalu ʻia ka viscosity o ka slurry.≥1850 mL/g, a me ka keokeo≥63%.

ʻO ka nui o ka sodium hypochlorite ka mea nui e pili ana i ka hopena bleaching ma kēia ʻāpana. I mea e ʻimi ai i ka nui kūpono o ka chlorine i loaʻa, ua hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano hoʻāʻo hoʻokahi kumu no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua like 5 i ka manawa like. Ma ka hoʻohuiʻana i nā nui likeʻole o ka sodium hypochlorite i loko o ka slurry, ka chlorine kūpono i loko o ka slurry ʻO ka chlorine content he 0.01 g/L, 0.02 g/L, 0.03 g/L, 0.04 g/L, 0.05 g/L. Ma hope o ka bleaching, ka viscosity a me BaiDu.

Mai ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pulupulu pulp keʻokeʻo a me ka viscosity me ka nui o ka chlorine i loaʻa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka piʻi ʻana o ka chlorine i loaʻa, piʻi mālie ka keʻokeʻo o ka pulupulu pulupulu, a emi iki ka viscosity. Aia ka nui o ka chlorine i loaʻa he 0.01g/L a me 0.02g/L, ʻo ke keʻokeʻo o ka pulupulu pulupulu.≤63%; inā he 0.05g/L ka nui o ka chlorine i loaʻa, ʻo ka viscosity o ka pulupulu pulupulu≤1850mL/g, ʻaʻole i kūpono i nā koi pre-chlorination. E hoʻokaʻawale i nā pono hōʻailona hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Aia ka nui o ka chlorine i loaʻa he 0.03g/L a me 0.04g/L, ʻo nā hōʻailona ma hope o ka bleaching he viscosity 1885mL/g, whiteness 63.5% a me viscosity 1854mL/g, whiteness 64.8%. ʻO ke ʻano o ka dosage e like me nā koi o nā ʻōkuhi mana bleaching i ka ʻāpana pre-chlorination, no laila ua hoʻoholo mua ʻia ʻo ka nui o ka chlorine i kēia ʻāpana he 0.03-0.04g/L.

2.3.2 Ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai hydrogen peroxide

ʻO ka bleaching hydrogen peroxide ka pae bleaching koʻikoʻi loa i ke kaʻina bleaching e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka keʻokeʻo. Ma hope o kēia pae, lawe ʻia kahi pae o ka mālama ʻana i ka waika e hoʻopau i ke kaʻina bleaching. ʻAʻohe hopena o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka waika me ka hana pepa a me ka hana ʻana i ka viscosity o ka pulp, a hiki ke hoʻonui i ka keʻokeʻo ma ka liʻiliʻi o 2%. No laila, e like me nā koi kuhikuhi mana o ka pulp kiʻekiʻe-viscosity hope loa, ua hoʻoholo ʻia nā koi o ka mana o ka hydrogen peroxide bleaching stage e lilo i viscosity.≥1800 mL/g a me ka keokeo≥83%.

ʻO nā kumu nui e pili ana i ka bleaching hydrogen peroxide ka nui o ka hydrogen peroxide, ka mahana bleaching, a me ka manawa bleaching. I mea e hoʻokō ai i nā koi keʻokeʻo a me ka viscosity o ka pulp viscous kiʻekiʻe, ua loiloi ʻia nā mea ʻekolu e pili ana i ka hopena bleaching e ke ʻano hoʻāʻo orthogonal e hoʻoholo ai i nā ʻāpana kaʻina hana bleaching hydrogen peroxide.

Ma o ka ʻikepili ʻokoʻa loa o ka hoʻāʻo orthogonal, ʻike ʻia ʻo ka mana o nā kumu ʻekolu i ka hopena bleaching ʻo ia: ka wela bleaching > hydrogen peroxide dosage > bleaching time. ʻO ka mahana bleaching a me ka nui o ka hydrogen peroxide nā kumu nui e pili ana i ka hopena bleaching. Me ka hoʻonui iki ʻana o ka ʻikepili o nā mea ʻelua o ka mahana bleaching a me ka nui o ka hydrogen peroxide, piʻi mālie ke keʻokeʻo o ka pulupulu pulupulu, a emi mālie ka viscosity. Ke noʻonoʻo nei i ke kumukūʻai hana, ka mana o nā mea hana a me ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka mahana o ka hydrogen peroxide bleaching e 80.°C, a he 5% ka nui o ka hydrogen peroxide. Ma ka manawa like, e like me nā hopena hoʻokolohua, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka manawa bleaching o ka hydrogen peroxide i ka hopena bleaching, a koho ʻia ka manawa bleaching hoʻokahi o ka hydrogen peroxide e like me 80 mau minuke.

Wahi a ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ka hydrogen peroxide i koho ʻia, ua hoʻokō ka hale hana i kahi helu nui o nā hoʻokolohua hōʻoia hou, a hōʻike nā hopena hoʻokolohua e hiki i nā ʻāpana hoʻokolohua ke hoʻokō i nā koi i hoʻonohonoho ʻia.

3. Ka hopena

E like me nā koi o ka mea kūʻai aku, ma o ka hoʻāʻo kumu hoʻokahi a me ka hoʻāʻo orthogonal, i hui pū ʻia me ka mana o ka ʻoihana maoli a me ke kumukūʻai hana, ua hoʻoholo ʻia nā ʻāpana kaʻina hana o ka pulp viscosity kiʻekiʻe no ka cellulose ether penei: (1) Kaʻina kuke: hoʻohana 9 % o ka alkali, kuke ʻO ka mahana he 115°C, a ʻo ka manawa paʻa he 70 mau minuke. (2) Kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe: ma ka ʻāpana pre-chlorination, ʻo ke ʻano o ka chlorine i loaʻa no ka bleaching he 0.03-0.04 g/L; ma ka ʻāpana hydrogen peroxide, he 80 ka mahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe°C, he 5% ka nui o ka hydrogen peroxide, a he 80 minuke ka manawa bleaching; ʻO ka ʻāpana lapaʻau acid, e like me ke kaʻina hana maʻamau o ka hui.

Pulp viscosity kiʻekiʻe nocellulose eterahe pulupulu pulupulu kūikawā me ka hoʻohana ākea a me ka waiwai hoʻohui kiʻekiʻe. Ma ke kumu o ka nui o nā hoʻokolohua, hoʻomohala kūʻokoʻa ka ʻoihana i ke kaʻina hana o ka pulp viscosity kiʻekiʻe no cellulose ether. I kēia manawa, ua lilo ka pulp kiʻekiʻe-viscosity no cellulose ether i kekahi o nā ʻano hana nui o ka hui Kima Chemical, a ua ʻike ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka huahana a mahalo ʻia e nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka home a ma waho.