Ka ʻike e pili ana i ka cellulose ether

Hana ʻia ʻo Cellulose Ether (CelluloseEther) mai ka cellulose ma o ka hopena etherification o hoʻokahi a i ʻole kekahi mau mea etherification a me ka wili maloʻo. E like me nā ʻano kemika ʻokoʻa o nā mea pani ether, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā cellulose ethers i nā anionic, cationic a me nā eter nonionic. ʻO nā ethers cellulose Ionic ka nui o ka carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC); non-ionic cellulose ethers nui ka methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC) a me ka hydroxyethyl cellulose Ether (HC), etc. Non-ionic ethers ua maheleia i ka wai-soluble ethers a me ka aila etera, a me ka ole. -ionic wai-soluble ethers i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā huahana mortar. Ma ke alo o ka calcium ions, ʻaʻole paʻa ka ionic cellulose ether, no laila ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā huahana mortar maloʻo i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻohana i ka sima, slaked lime, etc. Nonionic wai-soluble cellulose ethers ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i loko o ka ʻoihana hale kūkulu no ko lākou paʻa ʻana a me ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai.

01. Nā waiwai kemika o ka cellulose ether

Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia cellulose ether ke ʻano kumu o ka cellulose - anhydroglucose structure. I ke kaʻina hana o ka cellulose ether, ua wela mua ka cellulose fiber i kahi hopena alkaline, a laila mālama ʻia me kahi mea etherifying. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka huahana fibrous reaction a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e hana i kahi pauka like ʻole me kahi ʻano maikaʻi.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka propylene oxide no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hydroxypropyl substituents me ka methane chloride i ka hana ʻana o HPMC. He ʻokoʻa ka methyl a me ka hydroxypropyl eter o nā cellulose eter, e pili ana i ka hoʻohālikelike kūlohelohe a me ka mahana gelation thermal o nā hopena cellulose ether.

I ke kaʻina hana o MC, hoʻohana wale ʻia ka methyl chloride ma ke ʻano he etherification agent

02. Nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻohana o cellulose ether:

ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi non-ionic semi-synthetic high molecular polymer, ʻo ia ka wai-soluble a me ka solvent-soluble. Loaʻa nā hopena like ʻole i nā ʻoihana like ʻole. No ka laʻana, i nā mea hale kemika, loaʻa iā ia nā hopena composite penei:

①Ka wai hoʻopaʻa wai ②Ka mānoanoa ③Ka waiwai hoʻohaʻahaʻa ④Ka waiwai hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni ⑤Binder

I ka ʻoihana polyvinyl chloride, he emulsifier a me ka dispersant; i loko o kaʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea hoʻopaʻa a me ka mea hoʻokuʻu lohi a hoʻokuʻuʻia, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. ʻO kēia ka mea e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka hana o ka cellulose ether i nā mea kūkulu hale.

(1) I ka ʻili ʻana o ka pā:

I kēia manawa, ma ka hapa nui o nā kūlanakauhale o koʻu ʻāina, ua waiwai nui ʻia e ka poʻe ka putty kūpaʻa i ka wai a me ka scrub-resistant environment-friendly putty. Hana ʻia ia e ka hopena acetal o ka waiʻona vinyl a me ka formaldehyde. No laila, hoʻopau mālie ʻia kēia mea e nā kānaka, a hoʻohana ʻia nā huahana cellulose ether series e pani i kēia mea. ʻO ia hoʻi, no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea hale e pili ana i ke kaiapuni, ʻo cellulose wale nō ka mea i kēia manawa.

I loko o ka putty wai-kūpaʻa, ua māhele ʻia i ʻelua ʻano: putty pauka maloʻo a me putty paste. Ma waena o kēia mau ʻano putty ʻelua, pono e koho ʻia ka methyl cellulose a me ka hydroxypropyl methyl. ʻO ka kikoʻī viscosity maʻamau ma waena o 30000-60000cps. ʻO nā hana nui o ka cellulose i ka putty ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka lubrication. No ka mea he ʻokoʻa nā ʻano putty o nā mea hana like ʻole, he calcium hina, calcium māmā, sima keʻokeʻo, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a ʻo kekahi he pauka gypsum, calcium hina, calcium māmā, etc., no laila nā kikoʻī, viscosity a me ke komo ʻana o cellulose i loko ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi nā papa ʻelua. ʻO ka nui i hoʻohui ʻia ma kahi o 2‰-3‰. I ke kūkulu ʻana i ka putty ʻokiʻoki ʻana i ka pā, no ka mea, ʻo ka ʻili o ka pā o ka pā i kahi pae o ka hoʻoheheʻe wai (ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe wai o ka pā pōhaku ʻo 13%, a ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka wai he 3-5%), hui pū me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka honua i waho, inā e nalowale koke ka wai o ka putty, e alakaʻi ia i nā māwae a i ʻole ka pauka e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i ka ikaika o ka putty. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka cellulose ether e hoʻoponopono i kēia pilikia. Akā ʻo ka maikaʻi o ka mea hoʻopihapiha, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka calcium lehu he mea nui loa.

Ma muli o ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe o ka cellulose, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka buoyancy o ka putty, a pale ʻia ke ʻano sagging i ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana, a ʻoi aku ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka mālama ʻana i ka hana ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana. Pono e hoʻohui hou aku i ka cellulose ether i loko o ka putty pauka. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o kāna hana a hoʻohana. Hiki ke hui like ka filler a me nā mea hoʻohui i ka pauka maloʻo.

(2) ʻO ka mīkini paʻakai:

I loko o ka mīkini paʻakai, e hoʻokō i ka ikaika hope loa, pono e hoʻopiha piha ʻia ka sima. ʻOi aku i ka hana ʻana i ke kauwela, e nalowale ka wai o ka mortar sima, a ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ana o ka hydration piha e mālama a kāpīpī i ka wai. ʻO ka pau ʻole o nā kumuwaiwai a me ka hana maʻalahi, ʻo ke kī ʻo ka wai wale nō ma luna o ka ʻili, a ʻaʻole paʻa ka hydration o loko, no laila ʻo ka hopena i kēia pilikia ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka cellulose mea hoʻopaʻa wai i ka mortar concrete, koho maʻamau hydroxypropyl methyl. a i ʻole methyl fiber ʻO ka kikoʻī viscosity ma waena o 20000-60000cps, a ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻohui ʻana he 2%-3%. Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka mālama wai ma mua o 85%. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mortar concrete ka hui ʻana i ka pauka maloʻo a hoʻokomo i loko o ka wai.

(3) I ke kāpili ʻana i ka gypsum, ka gypsum i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a me ka gypsum hoʻoheheʻe ʻia:

Me ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻoihana kūkulu, ke piʻi nei ka makemake o nā kānaka no nā mea hale hou. Ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻike o ka poʻe i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni a me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka hana ʻana o ke kūkulu ʻana, ua ulu wikiwiki nā huahana gypsum cementitious. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā huahana gypsum maʻamau ka plastering gypsum, gypsum i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, gypsum inlaid, a me ka hoʻopili tile. ʻO ka plastering gypsum kahi mea plastering kiʻekiʻe no nā paia o loko a me nā kaupaku. ʻO ka ʻili o ka pā i hamo ʻia me ia, maikaʻi a maʻalahi. ʻO kahi ʻano hou o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka papa kukui hale kahi mea paʻa i hana ʻia me ka gypsum ma ke ʻano he kumu kumu a hoʻohui i nā mea hoʻohui like ʻole. He kūpono ia no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma waena o nā mea pā hale hale inorganic. ʻAʻohe mea ʻawaʻawa, ʻono ʻole, a me ka hoʻonohonoho wikiwiki. He mea kākoʻo ia no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā papa a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā poloka; ʻO ka gypsum caulking agent he mea hoʻopiha āpau ma waena o nā papa gypsum a me kahi hoʻopihapiha hoʻopihapiha no nā paia a me nā māwae.

ʻO kēia mau huahana gypsum he mau hana like ʻole. Ma waho aʻe o ka hana o ka gypsum a me nā mea hoʻopihapiha pili, ʻo ka pilikia koʻikoʻi ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka cellulose ether additives i ke kuleana nui. No ka mea ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka gypsum i ka gypsum anhydrous a me ka gypsum hemihydrate, ʻokoʻa nā hopena like ʻole o ka gypsum i ka hana o ka huahana, no laila ʻo ka mānoanoa, ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana e hoʻoholo i ka maikaʻi o nā mea kūkulu hale gypsum. ʻO ka pilikia maʻamau o kēia mau mea ʻo ka hollowing a me ka haki ʻana, a ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa ka ikaika mua. No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia pilikia, ʻo ia ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano o ka cellulose a me ke ʻano hoʻohana pūhui o ka retarder. Ma kēia ʻano, koho maʻamau ka methyl a i ʻole hydroxypropyl methyl 30000. –60000cps, ʻo ka huina hoʻohui ʻo 1.5%–2%. I waena o lākou, pili ka cellulose i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka lubrication. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hilinaʻi i ka cellulose ether ma ke ʻano he retarder, a pono e hoʻohui i ka citric acid retarder e hui a hoʻohana me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ikaika mua.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka wai e pili ana i ka nui o ka wai e nalowale maoli me ka ʻole o ka lawe ʻana i ka wai i waho. Inā maloʻo loa ka pā, ʻo ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka wai a me ka hoʻoheheʻe maoli ʻana ma ka ʻili kumu e hoʻolilo koke i ka wai i ka wai, a e hiki mai ana ka hollowing a me ka pohā. Hoʻohui ʻia kēia ʻano hoʻohana me ka pauka maloʻo. Inā hoʻomākaukau ʻoe i kahi hāʻina, e ʻoluʻolu e nānā i ke ʻano hoʻomākaukau o ka hopena.

(4) ʻO ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe wela

He ʻano hou ʻano mea hoʻolalelale paia i loko o ka ʻāina ʻākau. He mea pā ia i hoʻohui ʻia e ka mea insulation, mortar a me ka binder. I loko o kēia mea, he mea nui ka cellulose i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikaika. E koho maʻamau i ka methyl cellulose me ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe (e pili ana i 10000cps), ma waena o 2‰-3‰ ke ʻano maʻamau, a ʻo ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana ʻo ka hui ʻana i ka pauka maloʻo.

(5) mea hoʻohana pili

E koho i ka HPNC 20000cps no ka mea kikowaena interface, e koho i ka 60000cps a i ʻole no ka mea hoʻopili tile, a nānā i ka mānoanoa o ka mea hoʻopili, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika tensile a me ka ikaika anti-arrow. Hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa wai i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā tile e pale ai i nā tile mai ka maloʻo wikiwiki a hāʻule.