Introduction: Hana ʻia ka cellulose ether (CelluloseEther) me ka cellulose ma o ka hopena etherification o hoʻokahi a i ʻole kekahi mau mea etherification a me ka wili maloʻo. E like me nā ʻano kemika ʻokoʻa o nā mea pani ether, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā cellulose ethers i nā anionic, cationic a me nā eter nonionic. ʻO nā ethers cellulose Ionic ka nui o ka carboxymethyl cellulose ether (CMC); ʻO nā etera cellulose non-ionic ka nui o ka methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC) a me ka hydroxyethyl cellulose ether. Chlorine ether (HC) a pēlā aku. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ethers non-ionic i nā ethers hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me nā ethers hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ʻaila, a ʻo nā ethers non-ionic wai-soluble e hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā huahana mortar. Ma ke alo o ka calcium ions, ʻaʻole paʻa ka ionic cellulose ether, no laila ua hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā huahana mortar maloʻo i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻohana i ka sima, slaked lime, etc. Nonionic wai-soluble cellulose ethers ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i loko o ka ʻoihana hale kūkulu no ko lākou paʻa ʻana a me ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai.
E like me nā mea etherification ʻokoʻa i hoʻohana ʻia i ke kaʻina hana etherification, ʻo nā huahana cellulose ether me methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, Ethyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl benzyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl benzyl cellulose. phenyl cellulose.
ʻO nā cellulose ethers i hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka mortar ma ke ʻano he methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether (HEMC) a me ka hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (HEMC) Ma waena o lākou, ʻo HPMC a me HEMC ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia.
1. Nā waiwai kemika o cellulose ethers
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia cellulose ether ke ʻano kumu o ka cellulose - anhydroglucose structure. I ke kaʻina hana o ka cellulose ether, ua wela mua ka cellulose fiber i kahi hopena alkaline, a laila mālama ʻia me kahi mea etherifying. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka huahana fibrous reaction a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e hana i kahi pauka like ʻole me kahi ʻano maikaʻi.
Ma ke kaʻina hana o MC, hoʻohana wale ʻia ka methyl chloride ma ke ʻano he etherification agent; ma waho aʻe o ka methyl chloride, hoʻohana pū ʻia ka propylene oxide e kiʻi i nā pūʻulu substituent hydroxypropyl i ka hana ʻana o HPMC. He ʻokoʻa ka methyl a me ka hydroxypropyl eter o nā cellulose eter, e pili ana i ka hoʻohālikelike kūlohelohe a me ka mahana gelation thermal o nā hopena cellulose ether.
Hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ka helu o nā pūʻulu pani ma ka anhydroglucose structural unit o cellulose e ka pākēneka nui a i ʻole ka helu awelika o nā pūʻulu pani (ʻo ia hoʻi, ke degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana DS-Degree of Substitution). Hoʻoholo ka helu o nā pūʻulu substituent i nā waiwai o nā huahana cellulose ether. ʻO ka hopena o ka pae awelika o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka solubility o nā huahana etherified penei:
(1) Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā huahana etherification me kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka lye;
(2) Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā huahana etherification me kahi kiʻekiʻe iki o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wai;
(3) Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā huahana etherification me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana i loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik polar;
(4) Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā huahana etherification me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā solvents organik non-polar.
2. Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka Cellulose Etera
ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi polymer semi-synthetic non-ionic, ʻo ia ka wai-soluble a me ka solvent-soluble. Loaʻa nā hopena like ʻole i nā ʻoihana like ʻole. No ka laʻana, i nā mea hale kemika, loaʻa iā ia nā hopena composite penei:
①He mea mālama wai
②Ka mānoanoa
③Ka pae ʻana
④Hoʻokumu kiʻiʻoniʻoni
⑤ Mea hoʻopili
I ka ʻoihana polyvinyl chloride, he emulsifier a me ka dispersant; i loko o kaʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau, he mea hoʻopaʻa a me ka mea hoʻokuʻu lohi a hoʻokuʻuʻia, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. ʻO kēia ka mea e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka hana o ka cellulose ether i nā mea kūkulu hale.
(1) Ma ka pena latex:
I ka ʻoihana pena latex, e koho i ka hydroxyethyl cellulose, ʻo ka kikoʻī maʻamau o ka like viscosity ʻo RT30000-50000cps, e pili ana i ka kikoʻī o HBR250, a ʻo ka helu kuhikuhi ma kahi o 1.5‰-2‰. ʻO ka hana nui o ka hydroxyethyl i loko o ka pena latex ʻo ia ka mānoanoa, pale i ka gelation o ka puaʻa, kōkua i ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o ka puaʻa, ka paʻa o ka latex, a hoʻonui i ka viscosity o nā ʻāpana, e kōkua i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana o ke kūkulu ʻana: ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hydroxyethyl cellulose e hoʻohana. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai anuanu a me ka wai wela, ʻaʻole pili i ka waiwai pH. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia me ka maluhia o ka manaʻo i ka wā o ka waiwai PI ma waena o 2 a me 12. Penei nā ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana: I. Hoʻohui pololei i ka hana ʻana: No kēia ʻano, pono e koho ʻia ka hydroxyethyl cellulose lohi, a me ka hydroxyethyl cellulose me hoʻohana ʻia kahi manawa hoʻopau ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 mau minuke. Penei nā ʻanuʻu: ① E hoʻokomo i loko o kahi pahu i hoʻolako ʻia me ka mea hoʻouluulu kiʻekiʻe. Ka nui o ka wai maʻemaʻe ②E hoʻomaka i ka hoʻoulu ʻana me ka wikiwiki haʻahaʻa, a ma ka manawa like e hoʻohui mālie i ka hydroxyethyl i loko o ka hopena ③E hoʻomau i ka hoʻoulu ʻana a hiki i ka pulu ʻana o nā mea granular a pau ④E hoʻohui i nā mea hoʻohui a me nā mea hoʻohui alkaline, etc. , a laila e hoʻohui i nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ke ʻano, a wili a hiki i ka huahana i pau. Ⅱ. Hoʻolako ʻia me ka waiʻona makuahine no ka hoʻohana hope ʻana: Hiki i kēia ʻano ke koho i ka cellulose koke, nona ka hopena anti-mildew. ʻO ka maikaʻi o kēia ʻano hana ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi a hiki ke hoʻohui pololei ʻia i ka pena latex. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana e like me nā ʻanuʻu ①-④. Ⅲ. E hoʻomākaukau i ka porridge no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma hope: No ka mea ʻo nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik he mau mea hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi ʻole (inoluble) no ka hydroxyethyl, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea hoʻoheheʻe no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka porridge. ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia, ʻo ia nā wai kūlohelohe i loko o nā hana pena latex, e like me ka ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, a me nā mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni (e like me diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Hiki ke hoʻohui pono ʻia ka porridge hydroxyethyl cellulose i ka pena. E hoʻomau i ka hoʻouluʻana a hiki i ka hemo loa.
(2) I ka ʻili ʻana o ka pā:
I kēia manawa, ma ka hapa nui o nā kūlanakauhale o koʻu ʻāina, ua waiwai nui ʻia e ka poʻe ka putty kūpaʻa i ka wai a me ka scrub-resistant environment-friendly putty. Hana ʻia ia e ka hopena acetal o ka waiʻona vinyl a me ka formaldehyde. No laila, hoʻopau mālie ʻia kēia mea e nā kānaka, a hoʻohana ʻia nā huahana cellulose ether series e pani i kēia mea. ʻO ia hoʻi, no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea hale e pili ana i ke kaiapuni, ʻo cellulose wale nō ka mea i kēia manawa. I loko o ka putty wai-kūpaʻa, ua māhele ʻia i ʻelua ʻano: putty pauka maloʻo a me putty paste. Ma waena o kēia mau ʻano putty ʻelua, pono e koho ʻia ka methyl cellulose a me ka hydroxypropyl methyl. ʻO ka kikoʻī viscosity maʻamau ma waena o 30000-60000cps. ʻO nā hana nui o ka cellulose i ka putty ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka lubrication. No ka mea he ʻokoʻa nā ʻano putty o nā mea hana like ʻole, he calcium hina, calcium māmā, sima keʻokeʻo, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a ʻo kekahi he pauka gypsum, calcium hina, calcium māmā, etc., no laila nā kikoʻī, viscosity a me ke komo ʻana o cellulose i loko ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi nā papa ʻelua. ʻO ka nui i hoʻohui ʻia ma kahi o 2‰-3‰. I ke kūkulu ʻana i ka putty ʻokiʻoki ʻana i ka pā, no ka mea, ʻo ka ʻili o ka pā o ka pā i kahi pae o ka hoʻoheheʻe wai (ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe wai o ka pā pōhaku ʻo 13%, a ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka wai he 3-5%), hui pū me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka honua i waho, inā e nalowale koke ka wai o ka putty, e alakaʻi ia i nā māwae a i ʻole ka pauka e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i ka ikaika o ka putty. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka cellulose ether e hoʻoponopono i kēia pilikia. Akā ʻo ka maikaʻi o ka mea hoʻopihapiha, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka calcium lehu he mea nui loa. Ma muli o ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe o ka cellulose, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka buoyancy o ka putty, a pale ʻia ke ʻano sagging i ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana, a ʻoi aku ka ʻoluʻolu a me ka mālama ʻana i ka hana ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka cellulose ether i loko o ka putty pauka. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o kāna hana a hoʻohana. Hiki ke hui like ka filler a me nā mea hoʻohui i ka pauka maloʻo.
(3) ʻO ka mīkini paʻakai:
I loko o ka mīkini paʻakai, e hoʻokō i ka ikaika hope loa, pono e hoʻopiha piha ʻia ka sima. ʻOi aku i ka hana ʻana i ke kauwela, e nalowale ka wai o ka mortar sima, a ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ana o ka hydration piha e mālama a kāpīpī i ka wai. ʻO ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai a me ka hana maʻalahi, ʻo ke kī ʻo ka wai wale nō ma luna o ka ʻili, a ʻaʻole paʻa ka hydration o loko, no laila ʻo ka hopena i kēia pilikia ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ʻewalu mau mea hoʻopaʻa wai i ka mortar concrete, koho maʻamau hydroxypropyl methyl. a i ʻole methyl Cellulose, ʻo ka kikoʻī viscosity ma waena o 20000-60000cps, a ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana he 2% -3%. Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka mālama wai ma mua o 85%. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mortar concrete ka hui pū ʻana i ka pauka maloʻo me ka like a ninini i loko o ka wai.
(4) I ke kāpili ʻana i ka gypsum, ka gypsum i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ka gypsum hoʻoheheʻe:
Me ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻoihana kūkulu, ke piʻi nei ka makemake o nā kānaka no nā mea hale hou i kēlā me kēia lā. Ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻike o ka poʻe i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni a me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka hana ʻana o ke kūkulu ʻana, ua ulu wikiwiki nā huahana gypsum cementitious. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā huahana gypsum maʻamau ka plastering gypsum, gypsum i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, gypsum inlaid, a me ka hoʻopili tile. ʻO ka plastering gypsum kahi mea plastering kiʻekiʻe no nā paia o loko a me nā kaupaku. ʻO ka ʻili o ka pā i hamo ʻia me ia, maikaʻi a maʻalahi. ʻO ka mea hoʻopili papa kukui hale hou he mea paʻa i hana ʻia me ka gypsum ma ke ʻano he kumu kumu a me nā mea hoʻohui like ʻole. He kūpono ia no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma waena o nā mea pā hale hale inorganic. ʻAʻohe mea ʻawaʻawa, ʻaʻohe, ikaika mua a me ka hoʻonohonoho wikiwiki ʻana, ka hoʻopaʻa ikaika a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, he mea kākoʻo ia no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā papa a me ke kūkulu ʻana i ka poloka; ʻO ka gypsum caulking agent he mea hoʻopiha āpau ma waena o nā papa gypsum a me kahi hoʻopihapiha hoʻopihapiha no nā paia a me nā māwae. ʻO kēia mau huahana gypsum he mau hana like ʻole. Ma waho aʻe o ka hana o ka gypsum a me nā mea hoʻopihapiha pili, ʻo ka pilikia koʻikoʻi ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka cellulose ether additives i ke kuleana nui. No ka mea ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka gypsum i ka gypsum anhydrous a me ka gypsum hemihydrate, ʻokoʻa nā hopena like ʻole o ka gypsum i ka hana o ka huahana, no laila ʻo ka mānoanoa, ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana e hoʻoholo i ka maikaʻi o nā mea kūkulu hale gypsum. ʻO ka pilikia maʻamau o kēia mau mea ʻo ka hollowing a me ka haki ʻana, a ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa ka ikaika mua. No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia pilikia, ʻo ia ke koho ʻana i ke ʻano o ka cellulose a me ke ʻano hoʻohana pūhui o ka retarder. Ma kēia ʻano, koho maʻamau ka methyl a i ʻole hydroxypropyl methyl 30000. –60000cps, ʻo ka huina hoʻohui ʻo 1.5%–2%. I waena o lākou, pili ka cellulose i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka lubrication. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hilinaʻi i ka cellulose ether ma ke ʻano he retarder, a pono e hoʻohui i ka citric acid retarder e hui a hoʻohana me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ikaika mua. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka wai e pili ana i ka nui o ka wai e nalowale maoli me ka ʻole o ka lawe ʻana i ka wai i waho. Inā maloʻo loa ka pā, ʻo ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka wai a me ka hoʻoheheʻe maoli ʻana ma ka ʻili kumu e hoʻolilo koke i ka wai i ka wai, a e hiki mai ana ka hollowing a me ka pohā. Hoʻohui ʻia kēia ʻano hoʻohana me ka pauka maloʻo. Inā hoʻomākaukau ʻoe i kahi hāʻina, e ʻoluʻolu e nānā i ke ʻano hoʻomākaukau o ka hopena.
(5) ʻO ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe wela
He ʻano hou ʻano mea hoʻolalelale paia i loko o ka ʻāina ʻākau. He mea pā ia i hoʻohui ʻia e ka mea insulation, mortar a me ka binder. I loko o kēia mea, he mea nui ka cellulose i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikaika. E koho maʻamau i ka methyl cellulose me ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe (e pili ana i 10000eps), ma waena o 2‰-3‰ ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana, ʻo ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana ʻo ka hui ʻana i ka pauka maloʻo.
(6) mea hoʻohana pili
E koho i ka HPNC 20000cps ma ke ʻano he kikowaena interface, e koho i ka 60000cps a i ʻole e like me ka tile adhesive, a hoʻohana i ka mānoanoa ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopili, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ikaika tensile a me ka ikaika anti-arrow. Hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa wai i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā tile e pale ai i nā tile mai ka maloʻo wikiwiki a hāʻule.
3. Kūlana kaulahao ʻoihana
(1) ʻOihana ma luna
ʻO nā mea waiwai nui e pono ai no ka hana ʻana i ka cellulose ether, ʻo ia ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe (a i ʻole ka pulp lāʻau) a me kekahi mau mea hoʻoheheʻe kemika maʻamau, e like me ka propylene oxide, methyl chloride, wai caustic soda, caustic soda, ethylene oxide, toluene a me nā mea kōkua ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā ʻoihana ʻoihana o luna o kēia ʻoihana e pili ana i ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā ʻoihana hana pulp lāʻau a me kekahi mau ʻoihana kemika. ʻO ke kumukūʻai kūʻai o nā kumu waiwai nui i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei e loaʻa i nā pae like ʻole o ka hopena i ke kumukūʻai hana a me ke kumukūʻai kūʻai aku o cellulose ether.
He kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai o ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i nā mea hale hale cellulose ether ma ke ʻano he laʻana, i ka wā hōʻike, ʻo ke kumukūʻai o ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe i helu ʻia no 31.74%, 28.50%, 26.59% a me 26.90% o ke kumukūʻai kūʻai o ka hale hale papa cellulose ether. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ka pulupulu i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e pili i ke kumu kūʻai o ka cellulose ether. ʻO ka mea maka nui no ka hana ʻana i ka pulupulu i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ʻo ia nā liters pulupulu. ʻO ka pulupulu linter kekahi o nā huahana i loko o ke kaʻina hana pulupulu, hoʻohana nui ʻia e hana i ka pulupulu pulupulu, ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nitrocellulose a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe. ʻOkoʻa loa ka waiwai hoʻohana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pulupulu a me ka pulupulu, a ʻo kona kumukūʻai ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka pulupulu, akā aia kekahi pilina me ke kumukūʻai o ka pulupulu. Hoʻopili ke kumukūʻai o ka pulupulu linter i ke kumukūʻai o ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
E loaʻa nā ʻano like ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kumukūʻai o ka pulupulu i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i nā kumukūʻai hana, nā kumukūʻai huahana a me ka loaʻa kālā o nā ʻoihana i kēia ʻoihana. Ke kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai o ka pulupulu i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kumukūʻai o ka pulp lāʻau, i mea e hōʻemi ai i nā kumukūʻai, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka pulp lāʻau ma ke ʻano he pani a hoʻohui no ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, ka mea nui no ka hana ʻana i nā cellulose ethers me ka viscosity haʻahaʻa e like me lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka meaʻai cellulose ethers. Wahi a ka ʻikepili mai ka pūnaewele o ka National Bureau of Statistics, i ka makahiki 2013, ʻo 4.35 miliona mau ʻeka ka wahi kanu pulupulu o koʻu ʻāina, a he 6.31 miliona mau tons ka hua pulupulu aupuni. Wahi a nā helu helu mai ka China Cellulose Industry Association, i ka makahiki 2014, ʻo ka huina o ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe i hana ʻia e nā mea hana pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe nui i loko o ka home he 332,000 tons, a ua nui ka lako o nā mea maka.
ʻO nā mea waiwai nui no ka hana ʻana i nā mea kemika graphite he kila a me ka kalapona graphite. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai o ke kila a me ka graphite carbon moʻokāki no kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai hana o nā mea hana kemika graphite. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o kēia mau mea maka e loaʻa kekahi hopena i ke kumukūʻai hana a me ke kumukūʻai kūʻai aku o nā mea kemika graphite.
(2) ʻOihana lalo o ka cellulose ether
Ma keʻano he "monosodium glutamate industrial", he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka cellulose ether o ka cellulose ether a he nui nā noi. Hoʻopuehu ʻia nā ʻoihana o lalo ma nā ʻano like ʻole o ke ola o ka ʻāina.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale a me ka ʻoihana waiwai e loaʻa i kekahi hopena i ka piʻi ʻana o ka noi no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea hana cellulose ether. Ke ulu wikiwiki nei ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale a me ka ʻoihana waiwai, ke ulu wikiwiki nei ka noi ʻana o ka mākeke kūloko no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā lako cellulose ether. Ke lohi nei ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale a me ka ʻoihana waiwai, ʻo ka ulu ʻana o ka noi no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mea hana cellulose ether i loko o ka mākeke home e lohi, e hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻokūkū ma kēia ʻoihana a hoʻolōʻihi i ke kaʻina o ke ola ʻana. ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma waena o nā ʻoihana ma kēia ʻoihana.
Mai ka makahiki 2012, ma ke ʻano o ka lohi ʻana i ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale a me ka ʻoihana waiwai, ʻaʻole i loli nui ka noi no ke kūkulu ʻana i ka cellulose ether ma ka mākeke kūloko. ʻO nā kumu nui: 1. ʻO ka nui holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale a me ka ʻoihana waiwai he nui, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka noi ma ka mākeke; ʻO ka mākeke mea kūʻai nui o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka cellulose ether e hoʻonui mālie ana mai nā wahi i hoʻomohala ʻia a me nā kūlanakauhale mua a me ka lua a hiki i ke kikowaena a me ke komohana a me nā kūlanakauhale ʻekolu, koi ʻia ka ulu ʻana o ka home a me ka hoʻonui ākea; 2. ʻO ka nui o ka cellulose ether i hoʻohui ʻia no kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai o nā mea kūkulu hale. ʻO ka nui i hoʻohanaʻia e ka mea kūʻai hoʻokahi he mea liʻiliʻi, a ua hoʻopuehuʻia nā mea kūʻai, kahi i kūpono i ka koi koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka nui o ka noi ma ka mākeke o lalo he paʻa; 3. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai makeke he mea nui ia e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hale kūkulu hale cellulose ether. Mai ka makahiki 2012, ua hāʻule nui ke kumukūʻai kūʻai o ka hale hale cellulose ether, kahi i hāʻule nui ai ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana waena a hiki i ka hopena kiʻekiʻe a hoʻonui i nā mea kūʻai aku e kūʻai a koho, e hoʻonui ana i ke koi no ka waena a hiki - nā huahana kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka noi mākeke a me nā wahi kumukūʻai no nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau e pili i ka noi no ka cellulose ether pharmaceutical grade. ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kūlana ola o ka poʻe a me ka ʻoihana meaʻai i hoʻomohala ʻia e hoʻokele i ka noi mākeke no ka cellulose ether meaʻai.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jan-31-2023