Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Ether Technology

ʻO ka Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether kahi ʻano nonpolar cellulose ether i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai anuanu i loaʻa mai ka cellulose kūlohelohe ma o ka alkalization a me ka hoʻololi etherification.

Hua'ōlelo:hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether; ka hoʻopili alkalina; hoʻopāpā etherification

1. ʻenehana

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka cellulose kūlohelohe i ka wai a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe, kūpaʻa i ka māmā, ka wela, ka waikawa, ka paʻakai a me nā mea hoʻonaninani ʻē aʻe, a hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i loko o ka solution alkali dilute e hoʻololi i ka ʻili o ka cellulose.

ʻO Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether kahi ʻano non-polar, wai anuanu cellulose ether i loaʻa mai ka cellulose kūlohelohe ma o ka alkalization a me ka hoʻololi etherification.

2. ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālikelike kemika nui

2.1 Alkalization pane

ʻElua mau mea e hiki ai i ka hopena o ka cellulose a me ka sodium hydroxide, ʻo ia hoʻi, e like me nā kūlana like ʻole e hana ai i nā pūhui molekala, R - OH - NaOH; a i ʻole e hoʻohua i nā pūhui ʻawaʻawa metala, R – ONa.

Manaʻo ka hapa nui o ka poʻe naʻauao e hana ana ka cellulose me ka alkali paʻa e hana i kahi mea paʻa, a manaʻo ua hui ʻia kēlā me kēia a i ʻole ʻelua mau pūʻulu glucose me hoʻokahi mole NaOH (ua hui pū ʻia hoʻokahi pūʻulu glucose me ʻekolu mau molekele NaOH ke pau ka hopena).

C6H10O5 + NaOH→C6H10O5 NaOH or C6H10O5 + NaOH→C6H10O4 ONa + H2O

C6H10O5 + NaOH→(C6H10O5 ) 2 NaOH or C6H10O5 + NaOH→C6H10O5 C6H10O4 ONa + H2O

I kēia mau lā, manaʻo kekahi poʻe ʻepekema ʻelua mau hopena i ka manawa like ka pilina ma waena o ka cellulose a me ka alkali concentrated.

Ma waho o ke ʻano, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka hana kemika o cellulose ma hope o ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose a me ka alkali, a hiki iā ia ke hana me nā ʻano media kemika e loaʻa ai nā ʻano ʻano.

2.2 Etherification pane

Ma hope o ka alkalization, hana ka cellulose alkali ikaika me ka etherification agent e hana i ka cellulose ether. ʻO nā mea etherifying i hoʻohana ʻia he methyl chloride a me propylene oxide.

Hana ʻia ka sodium hydroxide e like me ka catalyst.

ʻO n a me m ka degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hydroxypropyl a me ka methyl ma ka pūʻulu cellulose, kēlā me kēia. ʻO ka huina nui o m + n he 3.

Ma waho aʻe o ka hopena nui i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, aia kekahi mau ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao:

CH2CH2OCH3 + H2O→HOCH2CH2OHCH3

CH3Cl + NaOH→CH3OH + NaCl

3. Ka wehewehe ana o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether

ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether ("cellulose ether" no ka pōkole) he 6 mau kaʻina hana, ʻo ia hoʻi: ka wāwahi ʻana i nā mea maka, (alkalinization) etherification, ka wehe ʻana i ka solvent, ka kānana a me ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana, ka ʻohi ʻana a me ka hui ʻana, a me ka hoʻopili huahana.

3.1 Hoʻomākaukau mea maka

ʻO ka cellulose short-lint maoli i kūʻai ʻia ma ka mākeke e ʻoki ʻia i loko o ka pauka e kahi pulverizer e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hana ma hope; Ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka alkali paʻa (a i ʻole ka wai alkali) a hoʻomākaukau ʻia, a hoʻomehana ʻia a hiki i 90°C e hana i 50 % ka wai hoʻoheheʻe caustic no ka hoʻohana ʻana. E hoʻomākaukau i ka methyl chloride, propylene oxide etherification agent, isopropanol a me toluene reaction solvent i ka manawa like.

Eia kekahi, pono ke kaʻina hana i nā mea kōkua e like me ka wai wela a me ka wai maʻemaʻe; ʻO ka mahu, ka wai hoʻoluʻu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me ka wai hoʻoluʻu kaʻapuni e pono e kōkua i ka mana.

ʻO nā linter pōkole, methyl chloride, a me propylene oxide etherification agents nā mea nui no ka hana ʻana i ka cellulose etherified, a hoʻohana ʻia nā linter pōkole i ka nui. ʻO ka Methyl chloride a me ka propylene oxide e komo i ka hopena ma ke ʻano he etherification agents e hoʻololi i ka cellulose maoli, ʻaʻole nui ka nui o ka hoʻohana.

ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe (a i ʻole diluents) ka nui o ka toluene a me ka isopropanol, ʻaʻole i hoʻopau ʻia, akā ma ka nānā ʻana i nā poho i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a volatilized, aia kahi poho liʻiliʻi i ka hana ʻana, a ʻo ka nui i hoʻohana ʻia he liʻiliʻi loa.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau maka he wahi pahu wai maka a me kahi hale waihona waiwai i hoʻopili ʻia. ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, e like me toluene, isopropanol, a me ka acetic acid (hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka waiwai pH o nā reactants), e mālama ʻia i loko o ka pahu waiwai maka. Ua lawa ka lako lint pōkole, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia e ka mākeke i kēlā me kēia manawa.

Hoʻouna ʻia ka lint pōkole i ʻoki ʻia i ka hale hana me kahi kaʻa no ka hoʻohana ʻana.

3.2 (Alkalinization) etherification

(Alkaline) etherification he hana koʻikoʻi i ke kaʻina hana o ka etherification o cellulose. Ma ke ʻano hana mua, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano hana ʻelua. I kēia manawa ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke kaʻina hana, a ua hui ʻia nā hopena ʻelua-ʻanuʻu i hoʻokahi pae a hana ʻia i ka manawa like.

ʻO ka mua, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka pahu etherification e wehe i ka ea, a laila e hoʻololi iā ia me ka nitrogen e hoʻokuʻu i ka pahu i ka ea. E hoʻohui i ka solution sodium hydroxide i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, e hoʻohui i kahi nui o ka isopropanol a me ka toluene solvent, e hoʻomaka i ka hoʻoulu ʻana, a laila e hoʻohui i ka huluhulu pulupulu pōkole, e hoʻohuli i ka wai kaʻapuni e maʻalili, a ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka mahana i kahi pae, e hoʻohuli i ka haʻahaʻa- ka wai wela e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka mahana mea ʻōnaehana E hoʻoemi i kahi 20℃, a mālama i ka pane no kekahi manawa e hoʻopau i ka alkaliization.

Ma hope o ka alkalization, e hoʻohui i ka etherifying agent methyl chloride a me propylene oxide i ana ʻia e ka pahu mika kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻomau i ka hoʻoulu ʻana, e hoʻohana i ka mahu e hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ka wela o ka ʻōnaehana a kokoke i 70.℃~ 80℃, a laila e hoʻohana i ka wai wela e hoʻomau i ka hoʻomehana ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana ʻO ka mahana o ka hopena e hoʻomalu ʻia, a laila e hoʻomalu ʻia ka mahana o ka hopena a me ka manawa pane, a hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka hana ma ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka hui ʻana no kekahi manawa.

Hana ʻia ka hopena ma kahi o 90°C a me 0.3 MPa.

3.3 Holoi

Hoʻouna ʻia nā mea hana reacted i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna i ka desolventizer, a wehe ʻia nā mea a hoʻomehana ʻia me ka mahu, a hoʻopau ʻia ka toluene a me ka isopropanol solvents a hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia no ka hana hou ʻana.

ʻO ka mea hoʻoheheʻe i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻia me ka wai kahe, a laila condensed me ka wai wela haʻahaʻa, a komo ka hui condensate i ka papa wai a me ka mea hoʻokaʻawale e hoʻokaʻawale i ka wai a me ka solvent. Hoʻoponopono ʻia ka mea hoʻoheheʻe hui ʻia o toluene a me isopropanol i ka papa luna. E hoʻohana pololei, a e hoʻihoʻi i ka wai a me ka wai isopropanol ma ka papa haʻahaʻa i ka desolventizer no ka hoʻohana ʻana.

E hoʻohui i ka acetic acid i ka reactant ma hope o ka desolvation e hoʻopau i ka nui o ka sodium hydroxide, a laila e hoʻohana i ka wai wela e holoi i ka mea, e hoʻohana piha i ke ʻano coagulation o cellulose ether i ka wai wela e holoi i ka cellulose ether, a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka reactant. Hoʻounaʻia nā mea i hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia i ke kaʻina hana hou no ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana a me ka maloʻo.

3.4 kānana a maloʻo

Hoʻouna ʻia ka mea i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ka mea hoʻokaʻawale hoʻokaʻawale e ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokaʻawale i ka wai manuahi, a ʻo ke koena paʻa paʻa e komo i ka mea maloʻo ea ma o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe wili, a maloʻo i ka pilina me ka ea wela, a laila hele i loko o ka ʻino. hoʻokaʻawale a me ka ea Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, komo ka mea paʻa i ka ʻohi ʻana.

ʻO ka wai i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka mea hoʻokaʻawale spiral ākea e komo i ka pahu mālama wai ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i loko o ka pahu sedimentation e hoʻokaʻawale i ka cellulose i komo.

3.5 Ka ʻohi ʻana a me ka hui ʻana

Ma hope o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana, e loaʻa i ka cellulose etherified ka nui o ka ʻāpana, pono e ʻoki ʻia a hui pū ʻia i mea e hoʻokō ai ka nui o ka nui a me ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa o nā mea i nā koi maʻamau o ka huahana.

3. 6 Hoʻopaʻa huahana i hoʻopau ʻia

ʻO ka mea i loaʻa ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana a me ka hui ʻana o ka cellulose etherified i hoʻopau ʻia, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia a waiho ʻia i loko o kahi waihona.

4. Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo

Aia i loko o ka wai ʻōpala i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kekahi nui o ka paʻakai, ka nui o ka sodium chloride. Hoʻopau ʻia ka wai ʻino e hoʻokaʻawale i ka paʻakai, a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka mahu lua i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia no ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka wai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a i ʻole e hoʻokuʻu pololei ʻia. ʻO ka mea nui o ka paʻakai i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia ka sodium chloride, aia pū kekahi nui o ka sodium acetate ma muli o ka neutralization me ka acetic acid. He waiwai hoʻohana ʻoihana kēia paʻakai ma hope o ka recrystallization, kaʻawale a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe.