ʻEhia nā ʻano cellulose?

1. Cellulose etera

ʻO ka papa hana cellulose ether kahi huaʻōlelo maʻamau no ke ʻano o nā huahana i hana ʻia e ka hopena o ka cellulose alkali a me ka etherifying agent ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana. Hoʻololi ʻia ka alkali cellulose e nā mea etherifying ʻokoʻa e loaʻa ai nā ether cellulose ʻokoʻa. Ma muli o nā waiwai ionization o nā mea pani, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā cellulose ethers i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: ionic (e like me carboxymethyl cellulose) a me ka non-ionic (e like me ka methyl cellulose). E like me ke ʻano o ka mea pani, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka cellulose ether i ka mono-ether (e like me ka methyl cellulose) a me ka ether hui ʻia (e like me ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose). E like me ka like ole solubility, hiki ke maheleia i ka wai-soluble (e like me ka hydroxyethyl cellulose) a me ka organic solvent-soluble (e like me ka ethyl cellulose), etc. māhele ʻia i ke ʻano koke a me ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe lohi i mālama ʻia ma luna.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka hana o ka cellulose ether i ka mortar penei:

1. Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka cellulose ether i ka mortar i ka wai, ua hōʻoia ʻia ka hāʻawi pono ʻana a me ka like ʻole o nā mea cementitious i loko o ka ʻōnaehana ma muli o ka hana ma luna. Ma ke ʻano he colloid pale, ʻo ka cellulose ether e "uhi" i nā ʻāpana paʻa a hoʻopaʻa iā lākou ma ka ʻili o waho. Hoʻokumu i kahi kiʻi lubricating, e hoʻoikaika i ka ʻōnaehana mortar, a hoʻomaikaʻi pū i ka wai o ka mortar i ka wā o ka hui ʻana a me ka maʻalahi o ke kūkulu ʻana.
2. Ma muli o kona ʻano mole mole, ʻo ka cellulose ether solution ka wai i loko o ka mortar ʻaʻole maʻalahi e nalowale, a hoʻokuʻu mālie iā ia i kahi manawa lōʻihi, e hāʻawi ana i ka mortar me ka paʻa wai maikaʻi a me ka hana.

2. Methyl cellulose

Methylcellulose (MC) molecular formula [C6H7O2(OH)3-h(OCH3) n]x.

Ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka pulupulu i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia me ka alkali, hana ʻia ka cellulose ether ma o ke ʻano o nā hopena me ka methane chloride ma ke ʻano he etherification agent. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana he 1.6 ~ 2.0, a ʻokoʻa hoʻi ka solubility me nā pae like ʻole o ka hoʻololi. No ka non-ionic cellulose ether.

1. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka Methylcellulose i ka wai anuanu, a paʻakikī ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai wela. Paʻa loa kona hopena wai i ka pae o pH=3~12. He kūpono maikaʻi me ka starch, guar gum, etc. a me nā surfactants he nui. Ke piʻi ka mahana i ka mahana gelation, puka ka gelation.
2. ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka methylcellulose e pili ana i kona nui hoʻohui, viscosity, particle fineness and dissolution rate. ʻO ka maʻamau, inā nui ka hoʻohui, liʻiliʻi ka fineness, a nui ka viscosity, kiʻekiʻe ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai. I waena o lākou, ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻohui i ka hopena nui loa i ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, a ʻaʻole kūlike ka pae o ka viscosity i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻa wai. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana cellulose a me ka fineness. Ma waena o nā cellulose ethers ma luna, ʻo ka methyl cellulose a me ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻa wai.
3. Hiki ke hoʻololi koʻikoʻi i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka methyl cellulose. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai. Inā ʻoi aku ka mahana o ka mortar ma mua o 40 ° C, e hoʻemi nui ʻia ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka methyl cellulose, e hoʻopilikia nui i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mortar.
4. He hopena koʻikoʻi ka Methylcellulose i ka hana a me ka pili ʻana o ka mortar. ʻO ka "adhesion" ma aneʻi e pili ana i ka ikaika pipili i manaʻo ʻia ma waena o ka mea hoʻopili a ka mea hana a me ke pani o ka pā, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka pale ʻana o ka mortar. He kiʻekiʻe ka adhesiveness, he nui ka pale ʻana o ka mortar, a ʻo ka ikaika i koi ʻia e ka poʻe hana i ka hana o ka hoʻohana ʻana he nui nō hoʻi, a ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka mortar he ʻilihune. Aia ka methyl cellulose adhesion ma kahi pae haʻahaʻa i nā huahana cellulose ether.

3.Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

ʻO ke kumu molekala o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) he [C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3) m, OCH2CH(OH)CH3] n]x

ʻO ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kahi ʻano cellulose e piʻi wikiwiki ana ka hoʻopuka a me ka hoʻohana ʻana. He cellulose non-ionic i hui ʻia eter i hana ʻia mai ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe ma hope o ka alkalization, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka propylene oxide a me ka methyl chloride ma ke ʻano he etherification agent, ma o ke ʻano o nā hopena. ʻO ka pae o ka hoʻololi ʻana he 1.2-2.0. He ʻokoʻa kona mau waiwai ma muli o nā ʻano like ʻole o ka methoxyl content a me ka hydroxypropyl content.

1. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i loko o ka wai anuanu, akā paʻakikī ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka wai wela. Akā ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana o ka gelation i ka wai wela ma mua o ka methyl cellulose. Hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka solubility i ka wai anuanu ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka methyl cellulose.
2. ʻO ka viscosity o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose e pili ana i kona kaumaha mole, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kaumaha mole, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity. Hoʻopili ka mahana i kona viscosity, i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana, emi ka viscosity. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kona viscosity kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka methyl cellulose. Paʻa kona hopena ke mālama ʻia ma ka lumi wela.
3. ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose e pili ana i kona nui hoʻohui, viscosity, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai ma ka huina like ma mua o ka methyl cellulose.
4. ʻO ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose paʻa i ka waikawa a me ka alkali, a paʻa loa kona ʻano wai i ka pae o ka pH = 2 ~ 12. He liʻiliʻi ka hopena o ka soda a me ka wai lime i kāna hana, akā hiki i ka alkali ke wikiwiki i kona hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a hoʻonui i kona viscosity. ʻO ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose paʻa i nā paʻakai maʻamau, akā inā kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻakai paʻakai, piʻi ka viscosity o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose solution.
5. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose me nā pūhui polymer hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai e hana i kahi ʻano like ʻole a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka viscosity solution. E like me ka waiʻona polyvinyl, starch ether, mea ʻai meaʻai, etc.
6. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka enzyme hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ma mua o ka methylcellulose, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kona hopena e nā enzymes ma mua o ka methylcellulose.
7. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mortar ma mua o ka methyl cellulose.

4.Hydroxyethyl cellulose

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)

Hana ʻia ia mai ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe i mālama ʻia me ka alkali, a hana ʻia me ka ethylene oxide ma ke ʻano he etherification agent i mua o ka acetone. ʻO ka pae o ka hoʻololi ʻana he 1.5-2.0. Loaʻa iā ia ka hydrophilicity ikaika a maʻalahi ke komo i ka wai.

1. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hydroxyethyl cellulose i ka wai anuanu, akā paʻakikī ke hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai wela. Paʻa kona hopena i ka wela kiʻekiʻe me ka ʻole o ka gelling. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi ma lalo o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wela i ka mortar, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kona paʻa wai ma mua o ka methyl cellulose.
2. He kūpaʻa ka Hydroxyethyl cellulose i ka waikawa maʻamau a me ka alkali, a hiki i ka alkali ke hoʻolalelale i kona hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a hoʻonui iki i kona viscosity. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kona dispersibility i ka wai ma mua o ka methyl cellulose a me ka hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
3. ʻO ka hydroxyethyl cellulose ka hana anti-sag maikaʻi no ka mortar, akā ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka manawa hoʻomaha no ka sima.
4. ʻO ka hana o ka hydroxyethyl cellulose i hana ʻia e kekahi mau ʻoihana kūloko ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka methyl cellulose ma muli o kona kiʻekiʻe o ka wai a me ka nui o ka lehu.

5.Carboxymethyl cellulose

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)[C6H7O2(OH)2OCH2COONa] n

Hana ʻia ʻo Ionic cellulose ether mai nā fiber maoli (ka pulupulu, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka alkali, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sodium mono-chloroacetate ma ke ʻano he etherification agent, a ke hana nei i kahi ʻano o nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana he 0.4 ~ 1.4, a ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia kāna hana e ka pae o ka hoʻololi.

1. ʻOi aku ka hygroscopic o Carboxymethyl cellulose, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai ke mālama ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau.
2. ʻAʻole hoʻohua ka ʻili wai ʻo Carboxymethyl cellulose i ka gel, a emi ka viscosity me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana. Ke piʻi ka mahana ma mua o 50 ° C, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia ka viscosity.
3. Hoʻopilikia nui ʻia kona kūpaʻa e ka pH. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka mortar gypsum-based, akā ʻaʻole i ka mortar sima. Ke alkaline nui, nalowale ka viscosity.
4. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kona paʻa wai ma mua o ka methyl cellulose. He hopena hoʻopaneʻe ia ma ka mortar gypsum-based a hoʻemi i kona ikaika. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai o ka carboxymethyl cellulose ma mua o ka methyl cellulose.