Ka hopena o ka Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Ether ma nā ʻano o ka Mīkini Sprayed Cement Mortar.

ʻO ka cellulose ether kahi mea hoʻohui koʻikoʻi i loko o ka mīkini i puhi ʻia i ka mīkini. Ua aʻo ʻia nā hopena o nā ʻano viscosities ʻehā o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, ka nui, ka ea, nā waiwai mechanical a me ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu o ka mīkini-blasted mortar. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina: Hiki i ka HPMC ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka hana paʻa wai o ka mortar, a ʻo ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai hiki ke ʻoi aku ma mua o 90% ke 0.15% ka nui o ka HPMC. ʻO ka mea maopopo loa; piʻi ka ea o ka mortar me ka piʻi ʻana o ka HPMC maʻiʻo: ʻike maopopo ʻo HPMC i ka hoʻemi ʻana i nā waiwai mechanical o ka mortar sima, akā e piʻi aʻe ka lakene pelupili o ka mortar; e hoʻonui nui ʻia ka nui o ka pore ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka HPMC.

Hua'ōlelo nui: moka; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether; paʻa wai; mahele nui o ka pore

0. Olelo mua

I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka holomua mau o ka ʻoihana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻenehana, ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā mīkini hoʻoheheʻe mortar haole, ua hoʻomohala nui ʻia ka ʻenehana o ka ʻenehana mīkini a me ka plastering i ko mākou ʻāina. He ʻokoʻa ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mortar maʻamau, e koi ana i ka hana paʻa wai kiʻekiʻe, ka wai kūpono a me kekahi hana anti-sagging. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohui ʻia ka cellulose ether i ka mortar, ma waena o ka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plain ether (HPMC) ka mea hoʻohana nui loa. ʻO nā hana nui o ka HPMC i loko o ka mortar: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, ka mānoanoa a me ka viscosifying a me ka hoʻoponopono rheological. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia nā hemahema o HPMC. Loaʻa i ka HPMC ka hopena ea, e hoʻonui i nā hemahema o loko a e hōʻemi nui i nā waiwai mechanical o ka mortar. Ke noiʻi nei kēia pepa i ka mana o ka HPMC i ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, ka nui, ka ea a me nā waiwai mechanical o ka mortar mai ka hiʻohiʻona macroscopic, a me ke aʻo ʻana i ka mana o HPMC ma ke ʻano pore o ka mortar mai ke ʻano microscopic.

1. Hoao

1.1 Mea maka

Sima: loaʻa ma ke kālepa P·O42.5 sima, kona 28d flexural a me compressive ikaika 6.9 a me 48.2 MPa pakahi; one: Chengde one fine river, 40-100 mesh; cellulose ether: hydroxypropyl waiʻona i hana ʻia e kahi hui ma Hebei Methyl cellulose ether, pauka keʻokeʻo, viscosity nominal 40, 100, 150, 200 Pa·S: Wai: wai maʻemaʻe.

1.2 Hana ho'āʻo

E like me JGJ / T 105-2011 "Construction Regulations for Mechanical Spraying and Plastering", ke kūlike o ka mortar he 80 ~ 120mm, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻa wai ma mua o 90%. Ma kēia hoʻāʻo ʻana, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka ratio lime-sand ma 1: 5, mālama ʻia ke kūlike ma (93±2)mm, a ua hui ʻia ka cellulose ether i waho, a ua helu ʻia kāna dosage e like me ka nui o ka sima. Ho'āʻo ʻia nā waiwai kumu o ka mortar e like me ka wet density, ka ʻili o ka ea, ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, a me ke kūlike me ka kuhikuhi ʻana i ka JGJ 70-2009 "Nā Hana Hoʻāʻo no nā Pono Pono o ka Building Mortar", a ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ka ʻike o ka ea a helu ʻia e like me ka ʻano hana paʻa. Ua hana ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana, flexural a compressive ikaika hoʻāʻo o nā specimens me ka kuhikuhi ʻana iā GB / T 17671-1999 "Methods for Testing the Strength of Cement Mortar Sand (ISO Method)". Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ka nui o ka pore e ka mercury porosimetry. ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike o ka porosimeter mercury ʻo AUTOPORE 9500, a ʻo ke ana ʻana he 5.5 nm a 360.μm. Ua lawe ʻia he 4 mau hoʻāʻo. 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% (he mau helu A, B, C, D).

2. Nā hualoaʻa a me ka nānā ʻana

2.1 Ka hopena o ka HPMC i ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka pahu sima

ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai e pili ana i ka hiki o ka mortar ke paʻa i ka wai. I loko o ka mīkini i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka mīkini, hoʻohui i ka cellulose ether hiki ke mālama pono i ka makū, hoʻemi i ke kahe koko, a hoʻokō i nā koi o ka hydration lawa o nā mea hoʻokumu ʻia.

Mai ka hopena o ka HPMC i ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi HPMC, piʻi mālie ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai. ʻO nā pihi o nā cellulose ethers me nā viscosities o 100, 150 a me 200 Pa·s i ke kumu like. Ke 0.05% a hiki i ka 0.15% ka maʻiʻo, piʻi ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ma ka laina. Inā he 0.15% ka ʻike, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mālama wai ma mua o 93%..Ma hope o 20%, lilo ka piʻi ʻana o ka paʻa wai i palahalaha, e hōʻike ana i ka nui o ka HPMC kokoke i ka saturation. ʻO ka pihi mana o ka nui o ka HPMC me ka viscosity o 40 Pa·s ma ka pae paʻa wai ma kahi o ka laina pololei. Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui ma mua o 0.15%, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka pahū ma mua o nā ʻano ʻekolu o ka HPMC me ka nui o ka viscosity. Ke manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ʻo ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai o cellulose ether: ʻo ka hui hydroxyl ma ka cellulose ether mole a me ka oxygen atom ma ka paʻa eter e hui pū me ka mole wai e hana i kahi paʻa hydrogen, i lilo ka wai manuahi i wai paʻa. , no laila ke pāʻani nei i kahi hopena paʻa wai maikaʻi; Ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ʻo ka interdiffusion ma waena o nā molekele wai a me nā kaulahao molecular cellulose ether e hiki ai i nā molekole wai ke komo i loko o nā kaulahao macromolecular cellulose ether a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā ikaika hoʻopaʻa ikaika, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka slurry sima. Hiki i ka paʻa wai maikaʻi ke mālama i ka mortar homogeneous, ʻaʻole maʻalahi e hoʻokaʻawale, a loaʻa i ka hana hui maikaʻi, ʻoiai e hōʻemi ana i ka lole mechanical a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke ola o ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe mortar.

2.2 Ka hopena o ka HPMC i ka nui a me ka ea maʻiʻo o ka pahu sima

Mai ka hopena o nā viscosities like ʻole a me nā ʻano o ka HPMC i ka nui o ka mortar, hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka wā o ka nui o ka HPMC he 0-0.20%, e emi loa ka nui o ka mortar me ka piʻi ʻana o ka helu HPMC, mai 2050 kg/m.³ ma kahi o 1650kg/m³ , ua emi iho ma kahi o 20%; ma hope o ka ʻoi aku o ka ʻike HPMC ma mua o 0.20%, ʻoi aku ka palahalaha o ka emi ʻana. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā ʻano ʻehā o ka HPMC me nā viscosity ʻokoʻa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ʻo ia ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka mortar; ʻO nā ʻōniʻoniʻo mānoanoa o nā morta me nā viscosities hui ʻia o 150 a me 200 Pa s HPMC e uhi pono ana, e hōʻike ana i ka piʻi ʻana o ka viscosity o HPMC, ʻaʻole e emi hou ka mānoanoa o ka mortar.

Mai ka hopena o nā viscosities like ʻole a me nā dosages o ka HPMC ma ka ʻike o ka ea o ka mortar, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ea maʻi o ka mortar e kūʻē i ka nui o ka mortar. Aneane e pii ka ea ma ka laina pololei; ke oi aku ka helu HPMC ma mua o 0.20%, hiki ole ke loli ka ea, e hoike ana ua kokoke ka hopena o ka ea i ka saturation. ʻO ka hopena o ka ea o ka HPMC me ka viscosity o 150 a me 200 Pa·s oi aku mamua o ko HPMC me ka viscosity o 40 a me 100 Pa·s.

Hoʻoholo nui ʻia ka hopena ea o ka cellulose ether e kona ʻano mole. Loaʻa i ka cellulose ether nā pūʻulu hydrophilic (hydroxyl, ether groups) a me nā pūʻulu hydrophobic (group methyl, glucose rings), a he surfactant. , loaʻa ka hana ma luna, no laila e loaʻa ai kahi hopena ea. Ma kekahiʻaoʻao, hiki i ke kinoea i hoʻokomoʻia ke hana ma keʻano he pōleʻa i loko o ka mortar, hoʻonui i ka hana hana o ka mortar, hoʻonui i ka leo, a hoʻonui i ka huahana, i mea e pono ai ka mea hana. Akā ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hoʻonui ka hopena o ka ea i ka ea o ka mortar a me ka porosity ma hope o ka paʻakikī, ka hopena o ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā pores ʻino a hoʻemi nui i nā waiwai mechanical. ʻOiai he hopena koʻikoʻi ko HPMC, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi i ka mea hoʻokomo ea. Eia kekahi, i ka wā e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka HPMC a me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe ea i ka manawa like, hiki ke hāʻule ka mea hoʻoheheʻe ea.

2.3 Ka hopena o ka HPMC ma nā waiwai mekini o ka pahū sima

Mai ka ikaika flexural 28d a me ka ikaika compressive 28d, hiki ke ike i ka wa o ka nui o ka HPMC he 0.05% wale no, e emi loa ana ka ikaika flexural o ka mortar, a he 25% ka emi iho o ka laana hakahaka me ka HPMC ole, a. hiki i ka ikaika compressive ke hiki wale i 65% o ka hāpana hakahaka. 80%. Ke ʻoi aku ka ʻike o ka HPMC ma mua o 0.20%, ʻaʻole maopopo ka degere o ka emi ʻana o ka ikaika flexural a me ka ikaika compressive o ka mortar. ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi ka hopena o ka viscosity o HPMC i nā waiwai mechanical o ka mortar. Hoʻokomo ʻo HPMC i ka nui o nā ʻōhū ea liʻiliʻi, a ʻo ka hopena o ka ea ma ka mortar e hoʻonui i ka porosity kūloko a me nā pores pōʻino o ka mortar, e hopena i ka emi nui o ka ikaika compressive a me ka ikaika flexural. ʻO kekahi kumu no ka emi ʻana o ka ikaika mortar ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai o ka cellulose ether, ka mea e mālama ai i ka wai i loko o ka mīkini paʻakikī, a ʻo ka nui o ka wai-binder ratio alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o ka ikaika o ka poloka hoʻāʻo. No ka mīkini hana mīkini, ʻoiai hiki i ka cellulose ether ke hoʻonui i ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai o ka mīkini a hoʻomaikaʻi i kona workability, inā he nui ka nui, e hoʻopilikia nui ia i nā ʻano mechanical o ka mortar, no laila pono ke kaupaona ʻia ka pilina ma waena o nā mea ʻelua.

Mai ka lākiō pelupili 28 lā, hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻiʻo HPMC, ke hōʻike nei ka lākiō pelupelu holoʻokoʻa o ka mortar i ka piʻi ʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi ka pilina laina. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻokomo ʻia ʻana o ka cellulose ether i ka nui o nā ʻōhū ea, e hoʻonui ai i nā hemahema i loko o ka pahū, ka hopena i ka emi ʻana o ka ikaika compressive o ka mortar, a ʻoiai ke emi nei ka ikaika flexural i kekahi ʻano; akā, hiki i ka cellulose ether ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maʻalahi o ka mortar a pale aku ʻO ka ikaika o ka pelu ʻana he mea maikaʻi, e hoʻolohi i ka emi ʻana. Ma ka noʻonoʻo ʻana, ʻo ka hopena hui ʻana o nā hopena ʻelua i ka piʻi ʻana o ka ratio pelu.

2.4 Ka hopena o ka HPMC i ka nui o ka pore

Ua ana ʻia nā ʻāpana puʻupuʻu pore o nā pūʻulu ʻehā o nā laʻana A, B, C a me D e ka mercury intrusion porosimetry.

E like me ka nui o ka pore puʻunaue kaʻe, pore ka nui mahele ʻikepili a me nā ʻano helu helu like ʻole o nā laʻana AD, he mana nui ka HPMC i ka hana pore o ka mortar sima:

(1) Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka HPMC, piʻi nui ka nui o ka pore o ka mortar sima. Ma ke kaʻe puʻupuʻu pore nui, neʻe ka ʻāpana o ke kiʻi i ka ʻākau, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka waiwai pore e pili ana i ka waiwai kiʻekiʻe. Mai ka ʻikepili helu o ka puʻunaue pore nui a me ka nui o ka pore ma waena o nā hopena hoʻāʻo o nā ʻāpana helu helu like ʻole, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka nui o ka pore median o ka pahu sima ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka HPMC ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka hāpana hakahaka, a i ka hāpana me ka 0.3% dosage ʻO ka puka waiwai he 2 kauoha o ka nui ma mua o ka hāpana hakahaka.

(2) Wu Zhongwei et al. hoʻokaʻawale i nā pores i loko o nā ʻano ʻehā, ʻo ia nā pores kino ʻole (≤20 nm), liʻiliʻi nā pores pōʻino (20–100 nm), pores pōʻino (100–200 nm) a me nā pores ʻino he nui (≥200 nm). 200 nm). Mai ka helu helu helu helu pore a me nā hopena ho'āʻo o nā ʻāpana helu helu like ʻole, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka nui o nā pores pōʻino ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​pores liʻiliʻi, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā pores ʻino a i ʻole nā ​​​​pores pōʻino ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka HPMC. ʻO nā pores maikaʻi ʻole a liʻiliʻi paha o ka hāpana me ka HPMC ʻole ma kahi o 49.4%, a ʻo nā pores maikaʻi ʻole a liʻiliʻi paha e hoʻemi nui ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka HPMC. ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka dosage o 0.1% ma ke ʻano he laʻana, ua hoʻemi ʻia nā pores maikaʻi ʻole a liʻiliʻi paha ma kahi o 45%. , ka helu o nā pores pōʻino i ʻoi aku ma mua o 10μm piʻi ma kahi o 9 manawa.

3) ʻO ke anawaena pore median, ka anawaena pore awelika, ka nui o ka pore kiko'ī a me ka'āpana'āpana kiko'ī,ʻaʻole ia e hahai i ke kānāwai hoʻololi koʻikoʻi me ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka HPMC maʻiʻo, e pili ana paha i ka hoʻopuehu nuiʻana o ka koho hōʻailona ma ka ho'āʻoʻana i ka mercury. Akā, ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke anawaena pore median, awelika pore anawaena a me ka leo pore kikoʻī o ka hāpana i hui pū ʻia me HPMC e hoʻonui i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hāpana hakahaka, ʻoiai e emi ana ka ʻili kiko.

3. Ka hopena

(1) Piʻi ka nui o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻike HPMC. ʻO nā pihi o ka cellulose ether me nā viscosities o 100, 150 a me 200 Pa.·Ua like ka S, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ma mua o 93% ke 0.15% ka ʻike. I ka manawa o 40 Pa·ʻOi aku ka nui o ka cellulose ether ma mua o 0.15%, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai ma mua o nā ʻano ʻekolu ʻano o ka viscosity HPMC.

(2) E emi mālie ana ka nui o ka mortar me ka piʻi ʻana o ka HPMC maʻiʻo, a ʻo 0.05%. ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka density ka mea maopopo loa ma 0.20%, ma kahi o 20%; ke ʻoi aku ka ʻike ma mua o 0.20%, ʻaʻole hiki ke loli ka nui; piʻi ka ea o ka mortar me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻike HPMC.

(3) ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka ʻike HPMC e hōʻemi loa i nā waiwai mechanical o ka momi sima, akā e piʻi aʻe ka ratio pelupili pili o ka mortar, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maʻalahi.

(4) Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka HPMC, piʻi nui ka nui o ka pore o ka mortar, a piʻi nui ka hapa o nā pores ʻino a me nā pores ʻino he nui. ʻO ka hāpana me ka 0.1% HPMC maʻiʻo ua hoʻemi ʻia ma kahi o 45% ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hāpana hakahaka me nā pores ʻaʻohe a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o ka pōʻino, a ʻo ka nui o nā pores ʻoi aku ka nui o ka 10.μm piʻi ma kahi o 9 manawa.