CMC ma Glaze Slurry

ʻO ke kumu o nā tile aniani he glaze, ʻo ia kahi ʻili o ka ʻili ma luna o nā tile, nona ka hopena o ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā pōhaku i ke gula, e hāʻawi ana i nā mea hana seramika i hiki ke hana i nā hiʻohiʻona nani ma ka ʻili. I ka hana ʻana i nā tile aniani, pono e hoʻokō ʻia ka hana stable glaze slurry, i mea e hoʻokō ai i ka hua kiʻekiʻe a me ka maikaʻi. ʻO nā hōʻailona nui o kāna hana kaʻina hana ʻo ia ka viscosity, fluidity, dispersion, suspension, body-glaze bonding and smoothness. Ma ka hana maoli, hoʻokō mākou i kā mākou mau koi hana ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke ʻano o nā kumulāʻau seramika a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea kōkua kemika, ʻo ka mea nui loa: CMC carboxymethyl cellulose a me ka pālolo e hoʻoponopono ai i ka viscosity, ka wikiwiki o ka hōʻiliʻili wai a me ka wai, a me ka CMC pū kekahi. he hopena decondensing. ʻO ka sodium tripolyphosphate a me ka wai degumming agent PC67 i nā hana o ka dispersing a me ka decondensing, a ʻo ka preservative ka mea e pepehi ai i nā maʻi bacteria a me nā microorganism e pale i ka methyl cellulose. I ka wā lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ka slurry glaze, ʻo nā ion i loko o ka slurry glaze a me ka wai a i ʻole ka methyl e hana i nā mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me ka thixotropy, a hāʻule ka hui methyl i loko o ka slurry glaze a emi iho ke kahe. Kūkākūkā nui kēia ʻatikala pehea e hoʻolōʻihi ai i ka methyl ʻO ka manawa kūpono e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka hana o ke kaʻina hana slurry glaze e pili nui ʻia e ka methyl CMC, ka nui o ka wai i komo i ka pōleʻa, ka nui o ka kaolin holoi ʻia i ke ʻano, ke kaʻina hana, a maloʻo.

1. Ka hopena o ka hui methyl (CMC) i nā waiwai o ka slurry glaze

Carboxymethyl cellulose CMChe hui polyanionic me ka wai hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi i loaʻa ma hope o ka hoʻololi kemika o nā fibers maoli (alkali cellulose a me ka etherification agent chloroacetic acid), a he polymer organik kekahi. Hoʻohana maʻamau i kāna mau waiwai o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai, ka hoʻopuehu ʻana, a me ka decondensation e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ʻili o ka glaze. Aia nā koi like ʻole no ka viscosity o CMC, a ua māhele ʻia i nā viscosities kiʻekiʻe, waena, haʻahaʻa, a me nā ultra-low. Loaʻa nā hui methyl kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa-viscosity ma o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka degradation o cellulose-ʻo ia hoʻi, ka haki ʻana o nā kaulahao molekole cellulose. ʻO ka hopena koʻikoʻi ma muli o ka oxygen i ka lewa. ʻO nā kūlana hopena koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka CMC kiʻekiʻe-viscosity ʻo ia ka pale o ka oxygen, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka nitrogen, ka hoʻoluʻu a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka mea hoʻohui cross-linking a me ka dispersant. Wahi a ka nānā ʻana o ka Scheme 1, Scheme 2, a me ka Scheme 3, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka viscosity o ka hui methyl viscosity haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka hui methyl viscosity kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka paʻa o ka hana o ka glaze slurry. ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka hui methyl viscosity kiʻekiʻe. Ma ke ʻano o ka mokuʻāina, ʻoi aku ka oxidized o ka pūʻulu methyl viscosity haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka hui methyl viscosity kiʻekiʻe a he kaulahao molekala pōkole. Wahi a ka manaʻo o ka hoʻonui entropy, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ke kūlana ma mua o ka hui methyl viscosity kiʻekiʻe. No laila, i mea e alualu ai i ka paʻa o ke ʻano, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo e hoʻonui i ka nui o nā pūʻulu methyl viscosity haʻahaʻa, a laila hoʻohana i ʻelua CMC e hoʻopaʻa i ka kahe kahe, e pale ana i nā fluctuations nui i ka hana ma muli o ka instability o kahi CMC.

2. Ka hopena o ka nui o ka wai e komo ana i ka poepoe i ka hana o ka slurry glaze

ʻOkoʻa ka wai i loko o ka formula glaze ma muli o nā kaʻina hana like ʻole. E like me ka nui o 38-45 grams o ka wai i hoʻohui ʻia i ka 100 grams o ka mea maloʻo, hiki i ka wai ke lubricate i nā ʻāpana slurry a kōkua i ka wili ʻana, a hiki ke hoʻemi i ka thixotropy o ka slurry glaze. Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i ka Papahana 3 a me ka Papahana 9, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike ʻoiai ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hui methyl e ka nui o ka wai, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mālama ʻana i ka wai liʻiliʻi a emi ʻole i ka ua i ka wā hoʻohana a mālama. No laila, i kā mākou hana maoli, hiki ke hoʻomaluʻia ke kahe o ke kahe ma ka ho'ēmiʻana i ka nui o ka wai e komo i ka pōpō. No ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe glaze, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka gravity kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe a me ka hana kahe kahe kiʻekiʻe, akā i ka wā e kū ana i ka spray glaze, pono mākou e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka methyl a me ka wai kūpono. Hoʻohana ʻia ka viscosity o ka glaze e hōʻoia i ka maʻalahi o ka ʻili o ka glaze me ka ʻole o ka pauka ma hope o ka pīpī ʻana i ka glaze.

3. Ka hopena o Kaolin Content ma Glaze Slurry Properties

ʻO kaolin kahi mineral maʻamau. ʻO kāna mau mea nui he mau minela kaolinite a me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka montmorillonite, mica, chlorite, feldspar, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ma muli o ke kaʻina hana glazing, hoʻololi ia ma waena o 7-15%. Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka papahana 3 me ka papahana 4, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike me ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻiʻo kaolin, piʻi ka kahe o ka slurry glaze a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke hoʻoponopono. ʻO kēia no ka mea pili ka viscosity i ka hui ʻana o ka mineral, ka nui o ka ʻāpana a me ke ʻano cation i loko o ka lepo. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka montmorillonite maʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻāpana, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, a ʻaʻole ia e hāʻule ma muli o ka erosion bacteria, no laila ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke hoʻololi i ka manawa. No laila, no nā glazes e pono e mālama ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi, pono mākou e hoʻonui i ka ʻike o kaolin.

4. Ka hopena o ka manawa wili

ʻO ke kaʻina hana ʻokiʻoki o ka wili pōleʻa e hoʻopōʻino i ka mechanical, ka wela, ka hydrolysis a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ka CMC. Ma o ka hoohalike ana o ka manao 3, ka manao 5 a me ka manao 7, hiki ke loaa ia kakou, oiai he haahaa ka viscosity mua o ka manao 5 ma muli o ka poino nui o ka hui methyl ma muli o ka loihi o ka manawa wili poepoe, ua emi ka maikai no na mea waiwai. e like me kaolin a me ka talc (ʻo ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi, ka ikaika ionic ikaika, kiʻekiʻe viscosity) ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mālama ʻana no ka manawa lōʻihi a ʻaʻole maʻalahi e hoʻokahe. ʻOiai ua hoʻohui ʻia ka mea hoʻohui i ka manawa hope loa ma ka hoʻolālā 7, ʻoiai ke piʻi aʻe ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hāʻule. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kaulahao mole, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hui methyl Oxygen nalowale kāna hana. Eia kekahi, no ka haʻahaʻa o ka pono o ka wili kinipōpō no ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻohui ʻia ma mua o ka trimerization, ua kiʻekiʻe ka maikaʻi o ka slurry a ua nāwaliwali ka ikaika ma waena o nā ʻāpana kaolin, no laila e noho wikiwiki ka slurry glaze.

5. Ka hopena o nā mea mālama

Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka hoʻokolohua 3 me ka hoʻāʻo 6, hiki i ka glaze slurry i hoʻohui ʻia me nā preservatives ke mālama i ka viscosity me ka emi ʻole o ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻo ka mea nui o ka CMC he pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ʻo ia ka mea hoʻohui polymer organik, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o kāna ʻano paʻa glycosidic ma lalo o ka hana a nā enzyme biological E maʻalahi e hydrolyze, e haki ʻia ke kaulahao macromolecular o CMC e hana i ka glucose. nā molekala pakahi. Hāʻawi i kahi kumu ikehu no nā microorganism a hiki i ka bacteria ke hoʻohua wikiwiki. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomaha hoʻomaha e pili ana i kona kaumaha molekala nui, no laila ma hope o ka biodegraded, nalo hoʻi kona hopena mānoanoa kino. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hana o nā preservatives e hoʻomalu i ke ola ʻana o nā microorganism i hōʻike nui ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka inactivation. ʻO ka mea mua, hoʻopilikia ia i nā enzymes o nā microorganisms, luku i kā lākou metabolism maʻamau, a kāohi i ka hana o nā enzymes; ʻO ka lua, ʻo ia ka coagulates a hoʻopau i nā protein microbial, ke keʻakeʻa nei i ko lākou ola ʻana a me ka hana hou ʻana; ʻO ke kolu, ʻo ka permeability o ka membrane plasma e kāohi i ka hoʻopau ʻana a me ka metabolism o nā enzymes i loko o nā mea kino, ka hopena i ka inactivation a me ka hoʻololi. I ke kaʻina o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā preservatives, e ʻike mākou e nāwaliwali ka hopena i ka manawa. Ma waho aʻe o ka mana o ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, pono mākou e noʻonoʻo i ke kumu i hoʻomohala ai ka bacteria i ke kūʻē ʻana i nā preservatives i hoʻohui ʻia i ka wā lōʻihi ma o ka hānau ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana. , no laila, i loko o ke kaʻina hana maoli e hoʻololi mākou i nā ʻano preservatives no kekahi manawa.

6. ʻO ka mana o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o ka slurry glaze

ʻElua kumu nui o ka hemahema CMC. ʻO kekahi ka oxidation ma muli o ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka ea, a ʻo kekahi ʻo ka ʻānai bacteria ma muli o ka ʻike. ʻO ka wai a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka waiū a me nā mea inu a mākou e ʻike ai i ko mākou ola e hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ka trimerization a me CMC. Loaʻa pinepine lākou i kahi ola o kahi makahiki 1, a ʻo ka mea ʻino loa he 3-6 mau mahina. ʻO ke kumu nui ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka inactivation Sterilization a me ka ʻenehana mālama mālama, ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopaʻa ʻia a mālama ʻia ka glaze. Ma o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka Scheme 8 a me ka Scheme 9, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ka glaze i mālama ʻia i loko o ka waiho ʻana i ka ea hiki ke mālama i ka hana paʻa no ka manawa lōʻihi me ka ʻole o ka ua. ʻOiai ka hopena o ke ana i ka ʻike ʻana i ka lewa, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokō i nā mea i manaʻo ʻia, akā he lōʻihi ka manawa mālama. ʻO kēia no ka mea ma o ka glaze i mālama ʻia i loko o ka ʻeke i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i ka ea a me ka bacteria a hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o ka methyl.

7. Ka hopena o ka staleness ma CMC

He hana koʻikoʻi ka staleness i ka hana glaze. ʻO kāna hana nui, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i kona haku mele ʻana, e hoʻoneʻe i ke kinoea keu a hoʻoheheʻe i kekahi mea olaola, i ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻili o ka glaze i ka wā e hoʻohana ai me ka ʻole o nā pinholes, concave glaze a me nā hemahema ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopili hou ʻia ka CMC polymer fibers i luku ʻia i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana wili pōpō a hoʻonui ʻia ke kahe kahe. No laila, he mea pono ke stale no kekahi manawa, akā, ʻo ka staleness lōʻihi e alakaʻi i ka microbial reproduction a me ka CMC hemahema, ka hopena i ka emi ʻana o ka kahe kahe a me ka piʻi ʻana o ke kinoea, no laila pono mākou e ʻimi i kahi kaulike ma nā huaʻōlelo. o ka manawa, maʻamau 48-72 hola, etc. ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka slurry glaze. I ka hana maoli ʻana o kekahi hale hana, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka glaze, e hoʻomalu ʻia ka pahi hoʻoulu ʻia e ke kamepiula, a hoʻonui ʻia ka mālama ʻana o ka glaze no 30 mau minuke. ʻO ke kumu nui e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka hydrolysis i hoʻoulu ʻia e ka CMC hoʻoulu a me ka hoʻomehana ʻana a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana E hoʻonui ʻia nā Microorganism, a laila e hoʻolōʻihi i ka loaʻa o nā hui methyl.