Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻohui i nā uhi

I. Nānā
E like me kekahi o nā mea maka o ka uhi ʻana, he liʻiliʻi loa ka nui o nā mea hoʻohui (maʻamau e pili ana i ka 1% o ka huina hoʻohālikelike), akā nui ka hopena. ʻAʻole hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana iā ia ke pale wale i nā hemahema o ka uhi ʻana a me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, akā e hana maʻalahi ka hana ʻana a me ke kaʻina hana o ka uhi ʻana, a hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana o kekahi mau mea hoʻohui ke hāʻawi i ka uhi me kekahi mau hana kūikawā. No laila, he mea nui nā mea hoʻohui i nā uhi.

2. Hoʻohui i nā mea hoʻohui
ʻO nā mea hoʻohui maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka uhi ʻana, ʻo ia nā mea hana anti-settling organic, thickeners, leveling agents, foam control agents, adhesion promoters, wetting and dispersing agents, etc.

3. Hana a hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻohui

(1) Mea hoʻopaʻapaʻa kūʻokoʻa
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hapa nui o kēia mau huahana i nā polyolefins, i hoʻopuehu ʻia i kekahi solvent, i kekahi manawa hoʻololi ʻia me kahi derivative aila castor. Hele mai kēia mau mea hoʻohui i ʻekolu mau ʻano: wai, paʻi, a me ka pauka.

1. Nā waiwai Rheological:
ʻO ka hana rheological nui o nā mea hoʻoponopono anti-settling organik ʻo ia ke kāohi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā puaʻa - ʻo ia hoʻi, e pale i ka hoʻoponopono paʻakikī a i ʻole e pale i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, ʻo ia kā lākou noi maʻamau. Akā ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, hoʻonui ia i ka viscosity a me kekahi ʻano o ka pale ʻana i ka sag, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā uhi ʻoihana. E hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā mea hana anti-settling organik ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, a laila e nalowale ko lākou pono, akā e ola hou ko lākou rheology i ka wā e maʻalili ai ka ʻōnaehana.

2. No ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau anti-settling organik:
I mea e hana pono ai ka anti-settling agent i ka uhi ʻana, pono e hoʻopuehu pono ʻia a hoʻāla ʻia. Penei nā ʻanuʻu kikoʻī:
(1) Ka pulu (ka pauda maloʻo wale nō). ʻO ka pauka maloʻo organik anti-sedimentation agent he aggregate, i mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i nā ʻāpana mai kekahi i kekahi, pono e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e ka solvent a (a) resin. He mea maʻamau e hoʻohui ʻia i ka slurry wili me ka haʻalulu haʻahaʻa.
(2) Deagglomeration (no ka pauka maloʻo wale nō). ʻAʻole ikaika loa ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea hana anti-sedimentation organik, a ua lawa ka hui ʻana o ka haunaele maʻalahi i ka nui o nā hihia.
(3) Hoʻopuehu, wela, lōʻihi o ka hoʻopuehu (nā ʻano āpau). Loaʻa i nā mea hana anti-sedimentation kūlohelohe ka liʻiliʻi o ka wela hoʻāla, a inā ʻaʻole i hiki, no ka nui o ka ikaika dispersing, ʻaʻohe hana rheological. ʻO ka mahana hoʻonā e pili ana i ka solvent i hoʻohana ʻia. Ke hoʻonui ʻia ka mahana haʻahaʻa loa, e hoʻāla ke koʻikoʻi i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mea hana anti-sedimentation organik a hāʻawi i ka pāʻani piha i kāna hana.

(2) Mānoanoa
Aia nā ʻano mānoanoa like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia i nā pena i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka solvent a me ka wai. ʻO nā ʻano mānoanoa maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i nā uhi wai: cellulose ethers, polyacrylates, associative thickeners and inorganic thickeners.
1. ʻO ka mānoanoa cellulose ether maʻamau ka hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). Ma muli o ka viscosity, aia nā kikoʻī like ʻole. He mea hoʻoheheʻe wai-soluble ʻo HEC, ʻo ia ka mānoanoa non-ionic. Loaʻa iā ia ka hopena mānoanoa maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa wai maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa alkali, akā ʻo kona mau hemahema ʻo ia ka maʻalahi o ka ulu ʻana i ka ʻōpala, pala, a me ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka waiwai.
2. ʻO ka mānoanoa polyacrylate he acrylate copolymer emulsion me kahi kiʻekiʻe carboxyl maʻiʻo, a ʻo kāna hiʻohiʻona nui loa ʻo ia kona kūʻē maikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana. Ke 8-10 ka pH, e pehu kēia ʻano mānoanoa a hoʻonui i ka viscosity o ka pae wai; akā, inā ʻoi aku ka pH ma mua o 10, hoʻoheheʻe ia i ka wai a nalowale kona hopena mānoanoa. No laila, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka naʻau i ka pH. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka wai amonia ka mea hoʻoponopono pH maʻamau no nā pena latex ma Kina. No laila, i ka wā e hoʻohana ʻia ai kēia ʻano mānoanoa, e emi iho ka waiwai pH me ka volatilization o ka wai amonia, a e emi pū ana kona hopena mānoanoa.
3. Loaʻa i nā mea mānoanoa hui nā mīkini mānoanoa like ʻole mai nā ʻano ʻano mānoanoa ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mānoanoa e lawe mai i ka viscosity ma o ka hydration a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi ʻano gel nāwaliwali i ka ʻōnaehana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā mea mānoanoa hui, e like me nā surfactants, loaʻa nā ʻāpana hydrophilic a me nā ʻāpana aila hoʻomaʻemaʻe melemele waha i loko o ka mole. Hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia a pehu ʻia nā ʻāpana hydrophilic e mānoanoa i ka pae wai. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā hui hope lipophilic me nā ʻāpana emulsion a me nā ʻāpana puaʻa. hui e hana i kahi ʻōnaehana pūnaewele.
4. Hōʻike ʻia ka mānoanoa inorganic e ka bentonite. ʻO ka maʻamau, pehu ka bentonite i ka wai i ka wā e komo ai i ka wai, a ʻo ka leo ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i ka wai ʻoi aku ka nui o kona nui mua. ʻAʻole wale ia e hana ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa, akā pale pū nō hoʻi i ka hāʻule, sagging, a me ke kala lana. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kona hopena mānoanoa ma mua o ka alkali-swellable acrylic a me polyurethane mānoanoa i ka nui like. Eia kekahi, loaʻa iā ia kahi ākea o ka pH adaptability, ka paʻa freeze-thaw maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa olaola. No ka mea ʻaʻole i loko o nā surfactants hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, hiki i nā ʻāpana maikaʻi i loko o ke kiʻi maloʻo ke pale i ka neʻe ʻana o ka wai a me ka diffusion, a hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pale wai o ke kiʻi uhi.

(3) mea hoʻonanea

ʻEkolu mau ʻano nui o nā mea hana hoʻohālikelike i hoʻohana mau ʻia:
1. Hoʻololi ʻia ka polysiloxane type leveling agent
Hiki i kēia ʻano mea hoʻohālikelike ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ikaika i ka ʻili o ka ʻili, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wettability o ka uhi i ka substrate, a pale i ka shrinkage; hiki iā ia ke hoʻemi i ka ʻokoʻa o ka ʻili o ka ʻili ma muli o ka volatilization solvent, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kahe kahe o ka ʻili, a hana ʻia ʻO ka pena ke hoʻoneʻe koke ʻia; hiki i kēia ʻano mea hoʻohālikelike ke hana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni lahilahi a maʻalahi ma luna o ka ʻili o ke kiʻi uhi, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka maʻalahi a me ka nani o ka ʻili kiʻi uhi.
2. Long-chain resin type leveling agent me ka palena palena
E like me ka homopolymer acrylate a i ʻole copolymer, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka ʻili o ka ʻili o ka uhi a me ka substrate i kekahi ʻano e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka wettability a pale i ka shrinkage; a hiki ke hana i hoʻokahi molecular pae ma luna o ka ili o ka uhi kiʻiʻoniʻoni e hoʻonui i ka ʻili o ka uhi Homogenize, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ili o ka ʻili, kaohi i ka wikiwiki o ka volatilization solvent, hoʻopau i nā hemahema e like me ka ʻili ʻalani a me nā hōʻailona palaki, a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. ʻoiai.
3. ʻO ka mea hoʻohālikelike me ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe e like me ka mea nui
Hiki i kēia ʻano mea hoʻohālikelike ke hoʻoponopono i ka nui o ka volatilization o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe, i ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kaulike o ka volatilization a me ka solvency i ka wā o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana, a pale i ke kahe ʻana o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni e keakea ʻia e ka solvent volatilization wikiwiki loa. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity, ka hopena i nā hemahema o ka pae ʻana, a hiki ke pale i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana ma muli o ka hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi ʻole o ka mea kumu a me ka ua i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka solvent volatilization wikiwiki loa.

(4) Mea hoʻomalu foam
Ua kapa ʻia hoʻi nā mea hoʻomalu foam he antifoaming agents a i ʻole defoaming agents. Kāohi a hoʻopaneʻe paha nā lāʻau anti-foaming i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka huʻa: ʻO nā mea kūʻē i ka huʻa ʻana he surfactants e ʻā ana i nā ʻōpū i hana ʻia. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā mea ʻelua he theoretical wale nō i kekahi ʻano, hiki i kahi defoamer kūleʻa ke pale i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka pua e like me kahi mea antifoam. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ua haku ʻia ka mea antifoaming i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana kumu: pūhui hana (ʻo ia hoʻi, mea hana ikaika); diffusing agent (loaʻa a ʻaʻole paha); lawe lawe.

(5) Nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻopuehu
Hiki i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me nā mea hoʻopuehu ke ʻano o nā hana, akā ʻo nā hana nui ʻelua e hōʻemi i ka manawa a / a i ʻole ka ikehu e pono ai e hoʻopau i ke kaʻina dispersion me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i ka puaʻa. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me nā mea hoʻopuehu i kēia mau mea

ʻElima waeʻano:
1. Anionic pulu pulupulu
2. cationic pulu pulupulu
3. Electroneutral, amphoteric wetting agent
4. Bifunctional, non-electrically neutral wetting agent
5. Non-ionic pulu pulu

Hiki i nā ʻano mua ʻehā o nā mea pulu a me nā mea hoʻopuehu ke pāʻani i ka hana pulu a kōkua i ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i ka puaʻa no ka mea hiki i ko lākou hydrophilic hopena ke hiki ke hana i nā mea paʻa kino a me nā kemika me ka ʻili puaʻa, nā kihi, nā kihi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a neʻe i ka Orientation o ka ʻili puaʻa, ʻo ka hopena hydrophobic maʻamau. ʻO nā mea hoʻoheheʻe nonionic a me nā mea hoʻopuehu pū kekahi pūʻulu hopena hydrophilic, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā mea paʻa kino a me nā kemika me ka ʻili puaʻa, akā hiki ke hui pū me ka wai adsorbed ma ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana puaʻa. ʻAʻole paʻa kēia wai e hoʻopaʻa ana i ka ʻili o ka puaʻa a alakaʻi i ka absorption non-ionic a me ka desorption. ʻO ka surfactant desorbed i loko o kēia ʻōnaehana resin he manuahi a hiki ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ke kū ʻole o ka wai.

Pono e hoʻohui ʻia ka mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka dispersant i ka wā o ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i ka puaʻa, i mea e hōʻoia ai e hiki i nā mea hana ʻē aʻe ke pili kokoke me ka puaʻa e pāʻani i kā lākou kuleana ma mua o ka hiki ʻana i ka ʻili o ka ʻāpana puaʻa.

ʻEhā. Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo

ʻO ka uhi ʻana he ʻōnaehana paʻakikī. Ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana, hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hoʻohui i kahi liʻiliʻi, akā hoʻokani lākou i kahi hana koʻikoʻi i kāna hana. No laila, i ka wā e hoʻomohala ai i nā coatings e pili ana i ka solvent, nā mea hoʻohui e hoʻohana ai a me kā lākou dosage e hoʻoholo ʻia ma o ka nui o nā hoʻokolohua hou.