Nazari akan Gwajin gwaji na Samar da Resin PVC daga Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

An gabatar da tsarin samar da HPMC na cikin gida, kuma an yi nazarin babban rawar da HPMC ta cikin gida ke takawa wajen samar da PVC da tasirinsa kan ingancin guduro PVC a gwajin matukin jirgi. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa:①Ayyukan HPMC na cikin gida yana da kyau, kuma aikin resin PVC da aka samar yana daidai da ingancin resin PVC da aka samar da samfuran HPMC da aka shigo da su;②Lokacin da aka yi amfani da HPMC na gida a cikin samar da PVC, ana iya inganta PVC da kyau ta hanyar daidaita nau'i da adadin HPMC Ayyukan kayan resin;③HPMC na cikin gida ya dace don samar da resins na PVC daban-daban mara kyau. Barbashin resin na PVC da aka samar suna da fim na bakin ciki da haske mai mannewa ga kettle;④Kayayyakin HPMC na cikin gida na iya maye gurbin samfuran HPMC da aka shigo da su.

Mabuɗin kalmomi:PVC; mai watsawa; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

An fara samar da HPMC tare da auduga mai ladabi a cikin 1960, kuma ƙasata ta fara haɓaka HPMC a farkon 1970. Saboda ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki, fasaha da sauran abubuwa, ingancin ba zai iya tsayawa ba, kuma bayyanar yana da fibrous. A saboda wannan dalili, HPMC da ake buƙata daga masana'antar resin PVC, masana'antar harhada magunguna, manyan kayan gini, kayan kwalliya, ƙarfe, abinci da sauran masana'antu duk sun dogara ne akan shigo da kayayyaki, galibi daga Amurka da Japan, kuma HPMC tana ƙarƙashin ikon ketare. . A cikin 1990, Ma'aikatar Masana'antu ta Masana'antu ta shirya raka'a masu dacewa don magance manyan matsalolin tare, kuma sun samar da samfuran da suka dace da buƙatun ingancin masana'antu na PVC, tare da fahimtar asalin HPMC. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ƙwararrun masana'antun HPMC na cikin gida sun tabbatar da ra'ayin ci gaba na ƙididdigewa, daidaitawa, kore, buɗewa, da rabawa, sun dage kan ci gaba da haɓakawa, kuma sun sami nasarar samun ci gaba mai inganci ta hanyar ƙirƙira mai zaman kanta, ci gaban kimiyya, da haɓakar juyawa. na tsohon da sabon kuzarin motsa jiki. Kungiyar masana'antun man fetur da sinadarai ta kasar Sin ta ba da shawarar, an gabatar da GB/T 34263-2017 "Hydroxypropyl Methyl Fiber don Amfani da Masana'antu", wanda kwamitin fasaha na daidaita ma'aunin sinadarai na kasar Sin ya zayyana shi kuma ya amince da shi a cikin 2017, kuma shi an sake shi a duk faɗin ƙasar a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2018. an aiwatar da shi a hukumance. Tun daga nan, akwai ƙa'idodi don kamfanoni na PVC don siye da amfani da samfuran HPMC.

1. Ingantaccen ingancin auduga

30# auduga mai ladabi yana cikin sifar zabura masu kyau a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa. Fiber ɗin auduga da balagagge yana da ɗaruruwan zaruruwan sinadarai masu kristal a cikin sashin giciye, kuma ana haɗa ainihin filayen filaye zuwa ɗaruruwan zaruruwan daure. Waɗannan dauren fibril Fiber ɗin auduga an naɗe shi da ƙarfi a cikin yadudduka masu yawa. Wannan yana da kyau ga samuwar cellulose alkalized da daidaituwar digiri na etherification, kuma yana da kyau don inganta ikon riƙewar manne na HPMC yayin polymerization na PVC.

30# auduga mai ladabi yana amfani da ginshiƙan auduga tare da babban balagagge da ƙananan digiri na polymerization a matsayin albarkatun kasa, tsarin samarwa yana da rikitarwa, yana buƙatar tsaftacewa, kuma farashin samarwa yana da yawa. 1000 # mai ladabi auduga yana amfani da linters auduga tare da babban balagagge da babban matsayi na polymerization a matsayin albarkatun kasa, tsarin samarwa ba shi da rikitarwa, kuma farashin samarwa yana da ƙasa. Don haka ana amfani da auduga mai tsafta 30# don samar da kayayyaki masu inganci kamar PVC resin/magani/abinci, sannan ana amfani da auduga mai tace 1000# wajen samar da darajar kayan gini ko wasu filayen aikace-aikace.

2. Yanayin, samfurin da tsarin samar da samfurori na HPMC

2.1 Abubuwan samfuran HPMC

HPMCshi ne mara guba, mara wari, fari maras ɗanɗano ko maras-fari mai fibrous ko granular foda da aka yi da auduga mai ladabi na halitta azaman babban ɗanyen abu. Yana da Semi-synthetic, mara aiki, polymer viscoelastic, mahaɗan nau'in nau'in nau'in ionic. Laƙabin Sinawa sune hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose, cellulose hydroxypropyl methyl ether, da hypromellose, kuma tsarin kwayoyin halitta shine [C6H7O2(OH) 2COOR]n.

Matsakaicin narkewa na HPMC shine 225-230°C, girman girman shine 1.26-1.31 g/cm³, da zumunta kwayoyin taro ne game da 22,000, da carbonization zafin jiki ne 280-300°C, kuma yanayin tashin hankali shine 42-56 mN / m (2% bayani mai ruwa).

Abubuwan da ke cikin jiki da sinadarai na HPMC sun haɗa da abubuwa masu zuwa.

(1) Barbashi size index: The HPMC barbashi size index for PVC guduro yana da high bukatun. Adadin wucewa na 150μm ya fi 98.5%, kuma adadin wucewa na 187μm shine 100%. Babban abin da ake buƙata na ƙayyadaddun bayanai na musamman shine tsakanin 250 da 425μm.

(2) Solubility: mai narkewa a cikin wasu kaushi kamar ruwa da barasa, mai narkewa da ruwa kuma yana da aikin saman. High nuna gaskiya, barga yi na bayani, daban-daban bayani dalla-dalla na kayayyakin da daban-daban gel yanayin zafi, solubility canje-canje tare da danko, da ƙananan danko, mafi girma da solubility, daban-daban bayani dalla-dalla na HPMC da wasu bambance-bambance a cikin yi, da kuma solubility a cikin ruwa ba. ya shafi darajar pH.

Solubility a cikin ruwan sanyi da ruwan zafi ya bambanta. Kayayyakin da ke da babban abun ciki na methoxyl ba sa narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi sama da 85°C, samfuran da ke da matsakaicin abun ciki na methoxyl ba su narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi sama da 65°C, da samfuran da ke da ƙarancin abun ciki na methoxyl ba su iya narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi sama da 65°C. Ruwan zafi sama da 60°C. HPMC na yau da kullun ba shi da narkewa a cikin abubuwan kaushi na halitta kamar ethanol, ether, da chloroform, amma mai narkewa a cikin 10% zuwa 80% maganin ruwa na ethanol ko cakuda methanol da dichloromethane. HPMC yana da takamaiman hygroscopicity. Na 25°C / 80% RH, ma'aunin danshi mai ma'auni shine 13%, kuma yana da kwanciyar hankali a cikin busassun yanayi da darajar pH na 3.0-11.0.

(3) HPMC yana da kyawawan halaye na kasancewa mai narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi amma ba a narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi. Sanya HPMC a cikin ruwan sanyi da motsawa zai iya narkewa gaba daya kuma ya zama ruwa mai haske. Wasu samfuran iri ba sa narkewa a cikin ruwan zafi sama da 60°C, kuma yana iya kumbura kawai. Ana iya amfani da wannan kadarorin don wankewa da tsarkakewa, wanda zai iya rage farashi, rage ƙazanta, da haɓaka amincin samarwa. Tare da raguwar abun ciki na methoxyl, ma'anar gel na HPMC ya karu, ƙarancin ruwa ya ragu, kuma aikin saman ya ragu.

(4) Ana amfani da HPMC azaman stabilizer na dakatarwa da watsawa a cikin polymerization na vinyl chloride da vinylidene. Ana iya amfani da shi tare da polyvinyl barasa (PVA) ko kuma da kansa, kuma yana iya sarrafa siffar barbashi da rarraba barbashi.

(5) HPMC kuma yana da ƙarfin juriya na enzyme mai ƙarfi, kayan gel na thermal (ruwa mai zafi sama da 60°C ba ya narke, amma kawai kumbura), kyawawan kayan aikin fim, kwanciyar hankali na pH (3.0-11.0), Riƙewar ruwa da sauran halaye masu yawa.

Dangane da halaye masu kyau na sama, ana amfani da HPMC sosai a fannonin masana'antu kamar su magani, masana'antar petrochemical, gini, yumbu, yadi, abinci, sinadarai na yau da kullun, guduro roba, sutura da kayan lantarki.

2.2 samfurin samfurin HPMC

Matsakaicin abun ciki na methoxyl da abun ciki na hydroxypropyl a cikin samfuran HPMC ya bambanta, danko ya bambanta, kuma aikin samfurin ya bambanta.

2.3 Tsarin samarwa na samfuran HPMC

HPMC yana amfani da cellulose mai ladabi mai ladabi a matsayin babban kayan albarkatun kasa, kuma yana samar da foda auduga ta hanyar murkushe magani. Sanya foda auduga a cikin kwandon polymerization na tsaye, watsa shi a cikin kusan sau 10 na sauran ƙarfi (toluene, isopropanol azaman gaurayawan ƙarfi), kuma ƙara a cikin jerin Lye (soda mai ƙarancin abinci yana narkar da shi a cikin ruwan zafi da farko), propylene oxide, methyl chloride etherification wakili, etherification dauki ne da za'ayi a wani zazzabi da kuma matsa lamba, da dauki samfurin ne neutralized da acid, baƙin ƙarfe cire, wanke da kuma bushe , kuma a karshe samu HPMC.

3. Aikace-aikacen HPMC a cikin samar da PVC

3.1 Ka'idar aiki

Aikace-aikacen HPMC a matsayin mai rarrabawa a cikin samar da masana'antu na PVC an ƙaddara ta tsarin kwayoyin halitta. Ana iya gani daga tsarin kwayoyin halitta na HPMC cewa tsarin tsari na HPMC yana da duka hydrophilic hydroxypropyl (-OCH-CHOHCH3) ƙungiyar aiki da kuma lipophilic methoxyl (-OCH,) ƙungiya mai aiki. A cikin vinyl chloride dakatar polymerization, da dispersant ne yafi mayar da hankali a cikin dubawa Layer na monomer droplet-ruwa lokaci, da kuma shirya ta hanyar da hydrophilic kashi na dispersant kara zuwa ruwa lokaci, da kuma lipophilic kashi kara zuwa monomer. droplet. A cikin HPMC, sashin tushen hydroxypropyl shine yanki na hydrophilic, wanda galibi ana rarraba shi a cikin yanayin ruwa; sashin tushen methoxy yanki ne na lipophilic, wanda galibi ana rarraba shi a cikin lokaci na monomer. Adadin ɓangaren lipophilic da aka rarraba a cikin lokaci na monomer yana rinjayar girman ɓangarorin farko, digiri na tarawa, da porosity na resin. Mafi girman abin da ke cikin ɓangaren lipophilic, mafi ƙarfin tasirin kariya a kan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙarami matakin ƙaddamar da ƙwayar cuta na farko, da kuma resin porosity na resin yana ƙaruwa kuma ƙananan ƙarancin ya ragu; Mafi girman abin da ke cikin sashin hydrophilic, mafi raunin tasiri na kariya a kan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, mafi girma matakin haɗuwa na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙananan porosity na resin, kuma mafi girma da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, tasirin kariya na mai watsawa yana da ƙarfi sosai. Tare da haɓakar danko na tsarin amsawa na polymerization, a mafi girman juzu'i, haɗin kai tsakanin ɓangarorin resin yana yiwuwa ya faru, yana sa siffar barbashi ba daidai ba; Sakamakon kariya na mai watsawa yana da rauni sosai, kuma abubuwan farko na farko Yana da sauƙi don haɗawa a mataki na ƙananan juzu'i a farkon matakin polymerization, don haka samar da guduro tare da siffar barbashi mara kyau.

An tabbatar da aikin cewa ƙara HPMC da sauran masu rarrabawa zuwa dakatarwar polymerization na vinyl chloride na iya rage tashin hankali tsakanin vinyl chloride da ruwa a farkon matakin polymerization. Bargawar tarwatsewa a cikin matsakaicin ruwa, ana kiran wannan tasirin tasirin watsawa na mai watsawa; a gefe guda, ƙungiyar aikin lipophilic na masu rarrabawa da aka yi a kan saman ɗigon vinyl chloride droplet ya samar da kariya mai kariya don hana haɗuwar ɗigon vinyl chloride. Droplet yana taka rawa na daidaitawa da kariya, wanda ake kira ikon riƙewar colloid na tarwatsawa. Wato, a cikin tsarin dakatarwar polymerization, mai watsawa yana taka rawar dual na tarwatsawa da kare kwanciyar hankali na colloidal.

3.2 Binciken aikin aikace-aikacen

PVC guduro ne m barbashi foda. Its barbashi halaye (ciki har da ta barbashi siffar, barbashi size da rarraba, microstructure da pore size da kuma rarraba, da dai sauransu) sun fi mayar shafi aiki yi na robobi da samfurin yi, da kuma ƙayyade PVC. Akwai abubuwa guda biyu waɗanda ke da mafi girman tasiri akan halayen ƙwayoyin resin:①Ƙaƙwalwar tanki na polymerization, kayan aiki yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun abubuwa, kuma halayen halayen ba su canzawa;②Tsarin tarwatsa na monomer a cikin tsarin polymerization, wato, yadda za a zabi nau'in, daraja da sashi shine mafi mahimmancin ma'auni mai mahimmanci wanda ke sarrafa kaddarorin PVC resin pellets.

Daga guduro granulation inji a cikin dakatar polymerization tsari, an san cewa ƙara da dispersant kafin dauki yafi hidima ga daidaita da monomer man droplets kafa ta hanyar stirring da kuma hana juna polymerization da kuma hadawa da man droplets. Sabili da haka, tasirin watsawa na mai watsawa zai shafi babban kaddarorin resin polymer.

Ƙarfin riƙewar colloid na mai rarraba yana da kyakkyawar dangantaka tare da danko ko nauyin kwayoyin halitta. Mafi girman danko na maganin ruwa, mafi girman nauyin kwayoyin halitta, kuma mafi girman ƙarfin fim ɗin kariya da aka tallata a kan vinyl chloride-water interface, da ƙarancin yiwuwar fashewar fim da ƙwayar hatsi.

Maganin ruwa mai ruwa na mai watsawa yana da ayyukan tsaka-tsaki, ƙarami na tashin hankali, mafi girman aikin saman, mafi kyawun ɗigon man fetur na monomer da aka kafa, ƙarami da yawa daga cikin abubuwan da aka samu na guduro, da sako-sako da ƙari.

An tabbatar da ta hanyar gwaji bincike cewa interfacial tashin hankali na HPMC ne in mun gwada da kadan a cikin ruwa mai watsa ruwa mafita na gelatin, PVA, da kuma HPMC a wannan taro, wato, da karami surface tashin hankali, da mafi girma da surface aiki na HPMC a da vinyl chloride dakatar polymerization tsarin, wanda ya nuna cewa The karfi da dispersing ikon HPMC dispersant. Idan aka kwatanta da matsakaici da high danko PVA dispersants, da matsakaita dangi kwayoyin nauyi na HPMC (game da 22 000) ne da yawa karami fiye da na PVA (game da 150 000), wato, da m riƙewa yi na HPMC dispersants ne ba kamar yadda mai kyau kamar yadda cewa. Farashin PVA.

Binciken ka'idar da ke sama yana nuna cewa ana iya amfani da HPMC don samar da nau'ikan resin PVC na dakatarwa daban-daban. Idan aka kwatanta da PVA tare da digiri na alcoholysis na 80%, yana da ƙarancin ikon riƙe manne da ƙarfin watsawa;.Idan aka kwatanta da 5% PVA, ikon riƙe manne da ikon watsawa sun yi daidai. Ana amfani da HPMC azaman tarwatsawa, kuma ƙwayoyin guduro da HPMC ke samarwa ba su da ƙarancin abun ciki na “fim”, rashin daidaituwar ƙwayoyin guduro, girman ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙura, yawan ɗaukar robobin sarrafa guduro, kuma a zahiri ba su daɗe da tulun, saboda ba shi da ƙarfi. -mai guba da sauƙi Yana Samar da resins-na likitanci tare da tsabta mai yawa.

Bisa ga sama msar tambayar da m samar bincike, HPMC da PVA, a matsayin babban dispersants ga dakatar polymerization, iya m hadu da ingancin bukatun na guduro kayayyakin, amma yana da matukar wuya a sadu da bukatun na m riƙe ikon da interfacial aiki a polymerization. samarwa. Domin su biyun suna da nasu halaye, domin samar da ingantattun samfuran guduro mai inganci, yawancin masana'antun suna amfani da tsarin hadewa tare da damar riƙewa daban-daban da ayyukan tsaka-tsaki, wato PVA da HPMC composite dispersant systems, don cimma tasirin koyo daga kowane. sauran.

3.3 Ingancin kwatancen HPMC a gida da waje

Tsarin gwajin zafin jiki na gel shine don shirya maganin ruwa mai ruwa tare da babban juzu'i na 0.15%, ƙara shi zuwa bututu mai launi, saka ma'aunin zafi da sanyio, sannu a hankali zafi sama da motsawa a hankali, lokacin da bayani ya bayyana milky white filamentous gel shine ƙananan iyaka. da gel zafin jiki, ci gaba da zafi sama da motsawa , lokacin da bayani gaba daya ya juya milky fari ne babba iyaka na gel zazzabi.

3.4 Yanayin nau'ikan nau'ikan HPMC daban-daban a gida da waje a ƙarƙashin na'urar hangen nesa

Ana iya ganin Hotunan nau'ikan HPMC daban-daban a ƙarƙashin microscope:①Ƙasashen waje E50 da na gida 60YT50 HPMC duka suna gabatar da tsarin da aka tara a ƙarƙashin na'ura mai ma'ana, tsarin kwayoyin halitta na gida 60YT50HPMC yana da ƙanƙanta da uniform, kuma tsarin kwayoyin E50 na kasashen waje ya tarwatsa;②A aggregated jihar na gida 60YT50 HPMC Tsarin zai iya theoretically rage interfacial tashin hankali tsakanin vinyl chloride da ruwa, da kuma taimaka vinyl chloride tarwatsa uniformly da stably a cikin ruwa matsakaici, wato, saboda hydroxypropyl abun ciki na 60YT50 HPMC ne dan kadan mafi girma, shi ya sa ya zama mafi hydrophilic, yayin da ES0 Saboda babban abun ciki na ƙungiyoyin methoxyl, a ka'idar, yana da ƙarfin riƙewar roba;③yana hana haɗuwa da ɗigon ruwa na vinyl chloride a farkon mataki na tsarin polymerization;④yana hana haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin polymer a cikin tsaka-tsaki da na baya na tsarin polymerization. Tarin tsarin ya fi nazarin tsarin juna na kwayoyin cellulose (yankin crystalline da amorphous, girman da nau'in tantanin halitta, nau'in nau'in sarkar kwayoyin halitta a cikin tantanin halitta, girman crystallites, da dai sauransu), tsarin fuskantarwa ( Sarkar kwayoyin halitta da fuskantarwa na microcrystals), da dai sauransu, suna ba da cikakkiyar amsawar auduga mai ladabi yayin etherification, kuma suna haɓaka inganci da kwanciyar hankali na HPMC.

3.5 Jihar HPMC aqueous bayani a gida da waje

An shirya HPMC na cikin gida da na waje zuwa 1% na ruwa mai ruwa, kuma hasken wutar lantarki na cikin gida 60YT50 HPMC ya kasance 93%, kuma na E50 HPMC na waje ya kasance 94%, kuma babu wani bambanci a cikin watsa haske tsakanin su biyun.

An tsara samfuran HPMC na gida da na waje zuwa 0.5% na ruwa mai ruwa, kuma an lura da maganin bayan an narkar da cellulose na HPMC. Za a iya gani daga ido tsirara cewa gaskiyar duka biyun tana da kyau sosai, a bayyane kuma a bayyane, kuma babu adadi mai yawa na fiber da ba za a iya narkewa ba, wanda ke nuna ingancin HPMC da ake shigo da su da kuma HPMC na gida ya fi kyau. Hasken haske mai girma na maganin yana nuna cewa HPMC yana amsawa sosai a cikin tsarin alkalization da etherification, ba tare da adadi mai yawa na ƙazanta da fibers ba. Na farko, yana iya gane ingancin HPMC cikin sauƙi. Farin ruwa da kumfa na iska.

4. HPMC dispersant aikace-aikace gwajin gwaji

Domin ya kara tabbatar da watsawa yi na gida HPMC a cikin polymerization tsari da kuma tasiri a kan ingancin PVC guduro, da R & D tawagar Shandong Yiteng New Materials Co., Ltd. amfani da gida da kuma waje HPMC kayayyakin a matsayin dispersants, da kuma na gida HPMC. da shigo da PVA a matsayin masu rarrabawa. An gwada ingancin resins da nau'ikan HPMC daban-daban suka shirya a matsayin masu rarrabawa a cikin Sin an gwada su kuma an kwatanta su, kuma an bincika tasirin aikace-aikacen HPMC a cikin guduro PVC kuma an tattauna su.

4.1 Tsarin gwajin gwaji

An gudanar da maganin polymerization a cikin tukunyar polymerization na 6 m3. Don kawar da tasirin ingancin monomer akan ingancin resin PVC, injin matukin jirgin yayi amfani da hanyar calcium carbide don samar da vinyl chloride monomer, kuma abun cikin ruwa na monomer bai wuce 50 ba.×10-6. Bayan da injin polymerization kettle ya cancanta, ƙara da auna vinyl chloride da ion-free ruwa zuwa polymerization kettle a jere, sa'an nan kuma ƙara dispersant da sauran Additives da ake bukata da dabara a cikin kettle a lokaci guda bayan awo. Bayan pre-start na minti 15, ruwan zafi a digiri 90°An gabatar da C a cikin jaket, mai zafi zuwa zafin jiki na polymerization don fara aikin polymerization, kuma an shigar da ruwan sanyi a cikin jaket a lokaci guda, kuma DCS ta sarrafa zafin jiki. Lokacin da matsa lamba na kettle polymerization ya faɗi zuwa 0.15 MPa, ƙimar juzu'in polymerization ya kai 85% zuwa 90%, ƙara mai ƙarewa don dakatar da amsawa, dawo da vinyl chloride, rabuwa da bushewa don samun guduro PVC.

4.2 gwajin gwaji na gida 60YT50 da kuma na waje E50 HPMC guduro samar

Daga ingancin kwatanta bayanai na gida 60YT50 da kuma kasashen waje E50 HPMC don samar da PVC guduro, za a iya gani cewa danko da kuma plasticizer sha na gida 60YT50 HPMC PVC guduro sun yi kama da na irin na kasashen waje HPMC kayayyakin, tare da low maras tabbas al'amari, mai kyau kai. - isa, The m kudi ne 100%, kuma biyu ne m kusa da sharuddan guduro ingancin. Abun cikin methoxyl na E50 na ƙasashen waje ya ɗan fi na HPMC na gida 60YT50, kuma aikin riƙewar roba yana da ƙarfi. Gudun PVC da aka samu ya ɗan fi tarwatsawar HPMC na gida cikin sharuddan ɗaukar filastik da ƙarancin gani.

4.3 HPMC 60YT50 na gida da PVA da aka shigo da su ana amfani da su azaman tarwatsawa don samar da gwajin matukin jirgi na guduro

4.3.1 ingancin guduro PVC samar

An samar da resin PVC ta gida 60YT50 HPMC da kuma shigo da mai rarraba PVA. A ingancin kwatanta bayanai za a iya gani: ta yin amfani da wannan ingancin 60YT50HPMC da shigo da PVA dispersant tsarin don samar da PVC guduro bi da bi, domin a ka'idar 60YTS0 HPMC dispersant yana da karfi watsawa ikon da kyau roba rike yi. Ba shi da kyau kamar tsarin watsawa na PVA. A bayyane yawa na PVC guduro samar da 60YTS0 HPMC watsawa tsarin ne dan kadan m fiye da na PVA dispersant, da plasticizer sha ne mafi alhẽri, da kuma talakawan barbashi size na guduro ne finer. Sakamakon gwajin na iya yin nuni da halaye daban-daban na 60YT50 HPMC da tsarin rarrabawar PVA da aka shigo da su, kuma suna nuna fa'idodi da rashin amfani na masu rarraba biyu daga aikin guduro na PVC. A cikin sharuddan microstructure, da surface fim na HPMC dispersant guduro Thin, da guduro ne sauki don plasticize a lokacin aiki.

4.3.2 Yanayin fim na ɓangarori na resin PVC a ƙarƙashin microscope na lantarki

Lura da microstructure na guduro barbashi, guduro barbashi samar da HPMC dispersant suna da sirara microscopic "fim" kauri; Barbashi na guduro da PVA dispersant ke samarwa suna da “fim” mai kauri. Bugu da ƙari, ga masu sana'a na calcium carbide resins tare da babban abun ciki na vinyl chloride monomer impurities, don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin tsari, dole ne su kara yawan adadin masu rarrabawa, wanda ke haifar da karuwa a cikin wuraren da aka ajiye na resin barbashi. da kuma kauri na "fim". Ayyukan sarrafa filastik na ƙasa ba shi da kyau.

4.4 Gwajin gwaji na nau'o'i daban-daban na HPMC don samar da guduro PVC

4.4.1 Ingancin guduro na PVC da aka samar

Amfani daban-daban na gida maki na HPMC (tare da daban-daban viscosities da hydroxypropyl abun ciki) a matsayin guda dispersant, adadin dispersant ne 0.060% na vinyl chloride monomer, da kuma dakatar polymerization na vinyl chloride da za'ayi a 56.5.° C don samun Matsakaicin girman barbashi, ɗimbin yawa na fili, da kuma ɗaukar guduro na PVC.

Ana iya ganin haka daga nan cewa:①Idan aka kwatanta da 65YT50 HPMC watsawa tsarin, 75YT100 yana da danko na 65YT50 HPMC kasa da 75YT100HPMC, da kuma hydroxypropyl abun ciki ne kuma kasa da 75YT100HPMC, yayin da methoxyl abun ciki ne mafi girma fiye da 75YT100 HPMC. Dangane da ka'idar bincike na dispersants, danko da hydroxypropyl Rage tushen abun ciki ba makawa zai kai ga rage na dispersing ikon na HPMC, da kuma karuwa da methoxy abun ciki zai inganta da hažaka da m riƙe ikon dispersant, Wato, tsarin watsawa na HPMAT. zai haifar da matsakaiciyar ƙwayar PVC ta haɓaka (sigari barbashi), yanayin yanayi mai yawa), yanayin yanayi mai yawa), yanayin yanayin yana ƙaruwa da kuma sha da yawa na ruwa.②Idan aka kwatanta da 60YT50 HPMC watsawa tsarin, da hydroxypropyl abun ciki na 60YT50 HPMC ya fi na 65YT50 HPMC, da kuma methoxy abun ciki na biyu ne kusa da mafi girma. Bisa ga ka'idar watsawa, mafi girma da abun ciki na hydroxypropyl, da karfi da dispersing ikon dispersant, don haka da dispersing ikon 60YT50 HPMC an inganta; a lokaci guda, abun ciki na methoxyl guda biyu yana kusa kuma abun ciki ya fi girma, ikon riƙewar manne kuma ya fi ƙarfi, A cikin 60YT50 HPMC da 65YT50 HPMC tsarin watsawa iri ɗaya, resin PVC wanda 60YT50HPMC ya samar fiye da 65YT50 HPMC watsawa. tsarin dole ne ya kasance yana da ƙaramin matsakaicin matsakaicin girman (girman barbashi mai kyau) da ƙananan ƙima, saboda abun ciki na methoxyl a cikin tsarin watsawa yana kusa da (aikin riƙewar roba), wanda ke haifar da kamawar filastik mai kama. Wannan kuma shine dalilin da yasa ake amfani da 60YT50 HPMC gabaɗaya a cikin masana'antar guduro ta PVC lokacin zabar PVA da HPMC composite dispersants. Tabbas, ko 65YT50 HPMC yana da kyau a yi amfani da shi a cikin tsarin tsarin tarwatsawa ya kamata kuma a ƙayyade bisa ga takamaiman alamun ingancin guduro.

4.4.2 Barbashi ilimin halittar jiki na PVC guduro barbashi karkashin microscope

A barbashi ilimin halittar jiki na PVC guduro samar da 2 irin 60YT50 HPMC dispersants tare da daban-daban hydroxypropyl da methoxyl abun ciki a karkashin microscope za a iya gani: tare da karuwa na hydroxypropyl da methoxyl abun ciki, da watsawa ikon HPMC, riƙe A manne ikon da aka inganta. Idan aka kwatanta da 60YT50 HPMC (8.7% hydroxypropyl mass juzu'i, 28.5% methoxyl taro juzu'i), da PVC guduro barbashi samar ne na yau da kullum, ba tare da wutsiya, kuma barbashi ne sako-sako da.

4.5 Tasiri na 60YT50 HPMC sashi akan ingancin guduro PVC

Gwajin matukin jirgi yana amfani da 60YT50 HPMC a matsayin mai watsawa guda ɗaya tare da babban juzu'i na ƙungiyar metoxyl na 28.5% da babban juzu'i na ƙungiyar hydroxypropyl na 8.5%. Matsakaicin girman barbashi, bayyananniyar yawa, da kuma ɗaukar filastik na resin PVC da aka samu ta hanyar aiwatar da dakatarwar polymerization na vinyl chloride a 5.°C.

Ana iya ganin cewa yayin da adadin mai watsawa ya karu, kauri daga cikin nau'in watsa shirye-shirye na adsorbed a kan droplet surface yana ƙaruwa, wanda ke haɓaka aikin watsawa da kuma riƙewar m na mai watsawa, wanda ya haifar da raguwa a cikin matsakaicin girman ƙwayar PVC. guduro da raguwa a cikin farfajiya. Ƙaƙƙarfan da ke bayyana yana ƙaruwa kuma ƙwayar filastik ta ragu.

5 Kammalawa

(1) Ayyukan aikace-aikacen resin PVC da aka shirya daga samfuran HPMC na gida ya kai matakin irin waɗannan samfuran da aka shigo da su.

(2) Lokacin da ake amfani da HPMC azaman mai rarrabawa guda ɗaya, yana iya samar da samfuran guduro na PVC tare da mafi kyawun alamu.

(3) Idan aka kwatanta da dispersant PVA, HPMC da PVA dispersant, nau'in additives guda biyu ana amfani dasu ne kawai don samar da guduro, kuma alamun guduro da aka samar suna da nasu amfani da rashin amfani. HPMC dispersant yana da high surface aiki da kuma karfi monomer man droplet dispersing yi. Yana da irin wannan aikin kamar PVA 72.5% alcoholysis digiri irin wannan aikin.

(4) A ƙarƙashin yanayi iri ɗaya, nau'ikan nau'ikan HPMC daban-daban suna da methoxyl da abun ciki na hydroxypropyl daban-daban, waɗanda ke da amfani daban-daban don daidaita ma'anar ingancin resin PVC. 60YT50 HPMC dispersant yana da mafi kyawun watsawa fiye da 65YT50 HPMC saboda babban abun ciki na hydroxypropyl; 65YT50 HPMC Saboda babban abun ciki na methoxy na mai watsawa, aikin riƙewar roba ya fi ƙarfi fiye da na 60YT50HPMC.

(5) Yawancin lokaci a cikin samar da resin PVC, adadin 60YT50HPMC mai rarraba da aka yi amfani da shi ya bambanta, kuma daidaitawa da inganci da aikin PVC guduro kuma yana da canje-canje a bayyane. Lokacin da sashi na 60YT50 HPMC dispersant ya karu, matsakaicin matsakaicin girman barbashi na guduro na PVC yana raguwa, ƙarancin girma yana ƙaruwa, da filastik Yawan sha na wakili yana raguwa, kuma akasin haka.

Bugu da kari, idan aka kwatanta da PVA dispersant, HPMC da ake amfani da su samar da guduro jerin kayayyakin, wanda ya nuna babban elasticity da kwanciyar hankali ga sigogi kamar polymerization tukunyar jirgi irin, girma, stirring, da dai sauransu, kuma zai iya rage sabon abu na kayan aiki tulun bango mai mannewa ga kettle, da kuma rage guduro surface film Kauri, ba mai guba guduro, high thermal kwanciyar hankali, inganta nuna gaskiya na guduro a kasa sarrafa kayayyakin, da dai sauransu Bugu da kari, gida HPMC zai taimaka PVC masana'antun rage samar da halin kaka, inganta kasuwa gasa, da kuma kawo mai kyau. amfanin tattalin arziki.