Nau'in cellulose nawa ne akwai?

1. Cellulose ether

Gina sa cellulose ether ne a general lokaci na jerin kayayyakin kafa ta dauki na alkali cellulose da etherifying wakili a karkashin wasu yanayi. Alkali cellulose an maye gurbinsu da daban-daban etherifying jamiái don samun daban-daban cellulose ethers. Dangane da kaddarorin ionization na masu maye, ana iya raba ethers cellulose zuwa kashi biyu: ionic (kamar carboxymethyl cellulose) da wadanda ba ionic (kamar methyl cellulose). Dangane da nau'in madadin, ana iya raba ether cellulose zuwa mono-ether (kamar methyl cellulose) da ether mai gauraye (kamar hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose). A cewar daban-daban solubility, shi za a iya raba ruwa-soluble (kamar hydroxyethyl cellulose) da Organic sauran ƙarfi-soluble (kamar ethyl cellulose), da dai sauransu Dry-mixed turmi ne yafi ruwa-soluble cellulose, da ruwa-soluble cellulose ne. rarrabuwa zuwa nau'in nan take da nau'in jinkirin da ake ji da shi.

Hanyar aikin ether cellulose a cikin turmi shine kamar haka:

1. Bayan da ether cellulose a cikin turmi ya narke a cikin ruwa, ana tabbatar da tasiri da daidaitattun rarraba kayan siminti a cikin tsarin saboda aikin saman. A matsayin colloid mai karewa, ether cellulose “nannade” daskararrun barbashi kuma ya rufe su a saman waje. Ƙirƙirar fim ɗin mai mai mai, sanya tsarin turmi ya fi tsayi, da kuma inganta yawan ruwa na turmi yayin da ake hadawa da kuma santsi na ginin.
2. Saboda tsarinsa na kwayoyin halitta, maganin cellulose ether yana sa ruwan da ke cikin turmi ba shi da sauƙi a rasa, kuma a hankali ya sake shi na dogon lokaci, yana ba da turmi tare da kyakkyawan ruwa da kuma aiki.

2. Methyl cellulose

Methylcellulose (MC) dabarar kwayoyin halitta [C6H7O2 (OH) 3-h (OCH3) n] x.

Bayan an yi amfani da auduga mai ladabi tare da alkali, ana samar da ether cellulose ta hanyar jerin halayen da methane chloride a matsayin wakili na etherification. Gabaɗaya, matakin maye gurbin shine 1.6 ~ 2.0, kuma solubility shima ya bambanta da digiri daban-daban na maye gurbin. Nasa ne ga wadanda ba ionic cellulose ether.

1. Methylcellulose yana narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi, kuma zai yi wuya a narke cikin ruwan zafi. Maganin ruwan sa yana da ƙarfi sosai a cikin kewayon pH = 3 ~ 12. Yana da kyau dacewa tare da sitaci, guar danko, da dai sauransu da yawa surfactants. Lokacin da zafin jiki ya kai ga zafin jiki na gelation, gelation yana faruwa.
2. Riƙewar ruwa na methylcellulose ya dogara da ƙarin adadinsa, danko, fineness barbashi da adadin rushewa. Gabaɗaya, idan adadin ƙari yana da girma, ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙanƙara ne, kuma danko yana da girma, yawan riƙe ruwa yana da girma. Daga cikin su, adadin ƙarawa yana da tasiri mafi girma a kan yawan adadin ruwa, kuma matakin danko ba daidai ba ne kai tsaye zuwa matakin yawan ruwa. A rushe kudi yafi dogara a kan mataki na surface gyara na cellulose barbashi da barbashi fineness. Daga cikin ethers cellulose da ke sama, methyl cellulose da hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose suna da ƙimar riƙe ruwa mafi girma.
3. Canje-canje a cikin zafin jiki na iya tasiri sosai ga riƙewar ruwa na methyl cellulose. Gabaɗaya, mafi girman zafin jiki, mafi munin riƙewar ruwa. Idan yawan zafin jiki na turmi ya wuce 40 ° C, riƙewar ruwa na methyl cellulose zai ragu sosai, yana tasiri sosai ga ginin turmi.
4. Methylcellulose yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan iya aiki da mannewa na turmi. “Maɗaukaki” a nan yana nufin ƙarfin mannewa da ake ji tsakanin kayan aikin ma’aikaci da katangar bango, wato, juriyar juriyar turmi. Manne yana da girma, juriya na juriya na turmi yana da girma, kuma ƙarfin da ma'aikata ke bukata a cikin aikin da ake amfani da su yana da girma, kuma aikin ginin turmi ba shi da kyau. Methyl cellulose adhesion yana a matsakaicin matakin a cikin samfuran ether cellulose.

3.Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

Tsarin kwayoyin halitta na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) shine [C6H7O2 (OH) 3-mn (OCH3) m, OCH2CH (OH) CH3] n] x

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose wani nau'in cellulose ne wanda fitarwa da amfaninsa ke karuwa cikin sauri. Yana da ether wanda ba na ionic cellulose ba wanda aka yi daga auduga mai ladabi bayan alkalization, ta amfani da propylene oxide da methyl chloride a matsayin wakili na etherification, ta hanyar jerin halayen. Matsakaicin maye gaba ɗaya shine 1.2 ~ 2.0. Kaddarorinsa sun bambanta saboda bambancin rabo na abun ciki na methoxyl da abun ciki na hydroxypropyl.

1. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yana da sauƙin narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi, amma zai gamu da wahala wajen narkewa cikin ruwan zafi. Amma zafinsa na gelation a cikin ruwan zafi yana da girma fiye da na methyl cellulose. Solubility a cikin ruwan sanyi kuma yana inganta sosai idan aka kwatanta da methyl cellulose.
2. Dankowar hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yana da alaƙa da nauyin kwayoyin halitta, kuma mafi girman nauyin kwayoyin halitta, mafi girman danko. Hakanan yanayin zafi yana rinjayar danko, yayin da zafin jiki ya karu, danko yana raguwa. Duk da haka, babban danko yana da tasirin zafi fiye da methyl cellulose. Maganin sa yana da ƙarfi idan an adana shi a cikin zafin jiki.
3. Riƙewar ruwa na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ya dogara ne akan ƙarin adadinsa, danko, da dai sauransu, kuma yawan ajiyar ruwa a daidai adadin adadin ya fi na methyl cellulose.
4. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yana da kwanciyar hankali ga acid da alkali, kuma maganin sa na ruwa yana da ƙarfi sosai a cikin kewayon pH = 2 ~ 12. Caustic soda da ruwan lemun tsami suna da ɗan tasiri akan aikin sa, amma alkali na iya hanzarta rushewar kuma yana ƙara danko. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ya tsaya tsayin daka ga gishiri na kowa, amma lokacin da maida hankali na maganin gishiri ya yi girma, dankowar maganin hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yana kula da karuwa.
5. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose za a iya haxa shi da ruwa mai narkewa polymer mahadi don samar da uniform da mafi girma danko bayani. Kamar polyvinyl barasa, sitaci ether, kayan lambu danko, da dai sauransu.
6. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yana da mafi kyawun juriya na enzyme fiye da methylcellulose, kuma maganinsa ba shi da yuwuwar lalacewa ta hanyar enzymes fiye da methylcellulose.
7. Adhesion na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose zuwa turmi gini ya fi na methyl cellulose girma.

4.Hydroxyethyl cellulose

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)

An yi shi daga auduga mai ladabi da aka yi da alkali, kuma an yi shi da ethylene oxide a matsayin wakili na etherification a gaban acetone. Matsakaicin maye gaba ɗaya shine 1.5 ~ 2.0. Yana da karfi hydrophilicity kuma yana da sauƙin sha danshi.

1. Hydroxyethyl cellulose yana narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi, amma yana da wuya a narke cikin ruwan zafi. Maganin sa yana da ƙarfi a babban zafin jiki ba tare da gelling ba. Ana iya amfani da shi na dogon lokaci a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai zafi a turmi, amma riƙewar ruwa ya fi na methyl cellulose.
2. Hydroxyethyl cellulose ne barga zuwa general acid da alkali, da kuma alkali iya hanzarta narkar da kuma dan kadan ƙara da danko. Rarrabuwar sa a cikin ruwa ya ɗan yi muni fiye da na methyl cellulose da hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
3. Hydroxyethyl cellulose yana da kyakkyawan aikin anti-sag don turmi, amma yana da lokaci mai tsawo don ciminti.
4. Ayyukan hydroxyethyl cellulose da wasu kamfanoni na cikin gida ke samarwa a fili ya yi ƙasa da na methyl cellulose saboda yawan ruwa da kuma yawan toka.

5.Carboxymethyl cellulose

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)[C6H7O2(OH)2OCH2COONa] n

Ionic cellulose ether an yi shi ne daga filaye na halitta (auduga, da dai sauransu) bayan maganin alkali, ta yin amfani da sodium mono-chloroacetate a matsayin wakili na etherification, da kuma jurewa jerin jiyya. Matsakaicin maye gaba ɗaya shine 0.4 ~ 1.4, kuma aikin sa yana tasiri sosai ta matakin maye gurbin.

1. Carboxymethyl cellulose ya fi hygroscopic, kuma zai ƙunshi ƙarin ruwa lokacin da aka adana shi a ƙarƙashin yanayi na yau da kullum.
2. Maganin ruwa na Carboxymethyl cellulose baya samar da gel, kuma danko yana raguwa tare da karuwar zafin jiki. Lokacin da zafin jiki ya wuce 50 ° C, danko ba zai iya jurewa ba.
3. Kwanciyarsa yana tasiri sosai ta pH. Gabaɗaya, ana iya amfani da shi a cikin turmi na tushen gypsum, amma ba a cikin turmi na tushen siminti ba. Lokacin da alkaline sosai, yana rasa danko.
4. Riƙewar ruwansa ya yi ƙasa da na methyl cellulose. Yana da tasiri na retarding akan turmi na tushen gypsum kuma yana rage ƙarfinsa. Duk da haka, farashin carboxymethyl cellulose yana da ƙasa sosai fiye da na methyl cellulose.