Takaitawa:
Abubuwan da ke rage ruwa suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a ayyukan gine-gine na zamani, inganta aikin aiki da aikin kankare yayin da rage yawan danshi. Yayin da ci gaba mai dorewa da batutuwan muhalli ke ci gaba da samun kulawa, buƙatun samar da ingantattun magunguna na rage ruwa ya karu.
gabatar:
Admixtures masu rage ruwa, wanda kuma aka sani da superplasticizers, sun zama makawa a cikin masana'antar gini don haɓaka aikin siminti. An tsara waɗannan jami'ai don haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayar simintin ba tare da yin tasiri ga ƙarfinsa ba, don haka suna taimakawa wajen haɓaka aikin ginin. Mayar da hankali kan gine-gine mai ɗorewa ya haifar da haɓakar superplasticizers, yana haifar da masana'antun don gano sababbin hanyoyin magance.
Muhimmancin wakili mai rage ruwa:
Ruwa abu ne mai mahimmanci na gaurayawan kankare, amma yawan ruwa yana iya haifar da matsaloli daban-daban kamar rage ƙarfin ƙarfi, ƙara ƙarfi, da tsawan lokacin saiti. Abubuwan da ke rage ruwa suna magance waɗannan ƙalubalen ta hanyar rage ruwa yayin da ake kiyaye aikin da ake buƙata da kaddarorin siminti. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman a cikin mahallin ayyukan gine-gine masu ɗorewa da buƙatar inganta kayan aiki.
Nau'o'in abubuwan rage ruwa:
Akwai nau'ikan abubuwan rage ruwa da yawa, gami da lignosulfonates, sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensates, da polycarboxylate ethers. Kowane nau'in yana da kaddarorin na musamman kuma tasirinsa ya dogara da takamaiman buƙatun aikin ginin. Masu sana'a suna amfani da nau'ikan sinadarai daban-daban da tsarin masana'antu don samar da superplasticizers masu dacewa da aikace-aikace daban-daban.
Tsarin sarrafawa:
A. Lignosulfonate:
Lignosulfonates an samo su ne daga tsarin jujjuyawar itace, kuma yin su ya haɗa da ɗigon sulfite. Yin maganin itace tare da mahadi sulfite yana sa lignin ya rabu da zaruruwan cellulose. Sakamakon lignosulfonate zai iya aiki a matsayin wakili mai rage ruwa mai tasiri saboda abubuwan watsawa. Tsarin masana'antu yana buƙatar kulawa da hankali na maida hankali na sulfite da yanayin amsawa don cimma aikin da ake so.
b. Sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde condensate (SNF):
Samar da SNF superplasticizer ya haɗa da ƙaddamar da naphthalene, formaldehyde da sulfonating jamiái. Wannan tsari yana samar da samfuran sulfonated tare da rarrabawa da kaddarorin filastik. Tsarin kwayoyin halitta da digiri na sulfonation suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan aikin SNF superplasticizer. Masu masana'anta suna yin daidaitaccen iko akan sigogin amsawa don cimma ma'aunin da ake so tsakanin iya aiki da ƙarfi.
C. Polycarboxylate ethers (PCE):
Perchlorethylene mai rage ruwa yana wakiltar sabon kuma mafi ci gaba nau'in wakili mai rage ruwa mai inganci. Ƙirƙirar tetrachlorethylene ya ƙunshi copolymerization na acrylic acid da sauran monomers, wanda ya haifar da polymer mai tsari mai kama da tsefe. Wannan tsari na musamman yana ba da damar watsawa mafi girma don rage yawan ruwa ba tare da shafar aikin haɗin kai ba. Haɗin tetrachlorethylene ya ƙunshi hadaddun dabarun polymerization da daidaitaccen sarrafa tsarin kwayoyin halitta.
Ci gaban haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar ruwa mai ƙarfi:
A. Haɗin fasahar Nanotechnology:
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, masu bincike da masana'antun sun bincika haɗa nanotechnology a cikin superplasticizers. Nanoparticles na iya haɓaka kaddarorin watsawa na waɗannan wakilai, ƙara rage yawan ruwa. Wannan tsarin ba wai kawai yana inganta ingantaccen haɗe-haɗe na kankare ba, amma har ma yana buɗe kofa zuwa aikace-aikacen litattafai na wayo da kayan warkarwa da kai.
b. Keɓancewa don takamaiman aikace-aikace:
A yanzu ana keɓance kayan haɗin ruwa masu inganci don ƙayyadaddun aikace-aikace, kamar siminti mai sarrafa kansa (SCC) da siminti mai ƙarfi (HPC). A sinadaran abun da ke ciki da kwayoyin tsarin na wadannan reagents an musamman don saduwa da musamman bukatun na daban-daban ayyuka, tabbatar da mafi kyau duka aiki da kuma amfani da albarkatu.
C. Green Chemistry Initiative:
Masana'antun suna ƙara ɗaukar ka'idodin sunadarai na kore a cikin samar da superplasticizers. Wannan ya haɗa da amfani da albarkatun da za a sabunta, rage sharar gida da rage tasirin muhalli na tsarin masana'antu. Green superplasticizers suna cikin layi tare da haɓaka haɓaka masana'antu akan dorewa kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga ƙarin ayyukan ginin muhalli.
d. Dace da Ƙarin Kayayyakin Siminti (SCM):
Haɗin kayan siminti na biyu kamar ash gardama da slag ya zama ruwan dare a cikin ayyukan kankare masu dorewa. Muna samar da superplasticizers don haɓaka dacewa da waɗannan kayan, tabbatar da fa'idodin rage ruwa ba su da matsala yayin amfani da SCM.
Kalubale da makomar gaba:
Duk da gagarumin ci gaba a cikin superplasticizers, ƙalubale sun kasance. Waɗannan sun haɗa da buƙatar daidaitattun hanyoyin gwaji, magance yuwuwar illolin wasu reagents akan dorewa na dogon lokaci, da tabbatar da dacewa da kayan siminti daban-daban. Abubuwan da za a yi a nan gaba na superplasticizers suna buƙatar ci gaba da bincike da ci gaba don shawo kan waɗannan ƙalubalen da kuma ƙara inganta ɗorewa da aikin gine-gine.
a ƙarshe:
Ƙirƙirar superplasticizers filin ne mai ƙarfi wanda ke ci gaba da haɓaka don biyan buƙatun haɓakar ayyukan gine-gine masu ɗorewa. Ƙaddamar da ci-gaba mafita waɗanda ke tura iyakokin aiki da alhakin muhalli. Tare da ci gaba da bincike a cikin nanotechnology, gyare-gyare don takamaiman aikace-aikace, koren chemistry yunƙurin, da ingantacciyar dacewa tare da kayan siminti na biyu, makomar superplasticizers tana kama da bayar da gudummawa ga ƙarin juriya da ci gaba. Gaba yana da haske.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-05-2023