IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) iyisakhi esiguquguqukayo esetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini zemithi, zokudla nezimonyo. Lokhu okuphuma ku-cellulose kususelwa ku-cellulose yemvelo futhi kushintshiwe ukuze kuzuzwe izici ezithile, okuyenza ibe isithako esibaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni okuhlukahlukene.
1. Isingeniso se-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)
1.1. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo
IHydroxypropylmethylcellulose i-semi-synthetic polymer etholakala ku-cellulose, ingxenye eyinhloko yesakhiwo sezindonga zamaseli ezitshalo. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali se-HPMC siqukethe amayunithi e-cellulose backbone axhunywe ku-hydroxypropyl kanye namaqembu e-methyl. Izinga lokushintshwa kwalawa maqembu lithinta ukuncibilika, i-viscosity, nezinye izakhiwo ezibonakalayo ze-polymer.
I-HPMC ivamise ukuba mhlophe noma ingabi mhlophe ngokubukeka, ayinaphunga futhi ayinambitheki. Iyancibilika emanzini futhi yakha izixazululo ezicacile, ezibukekayo, okuyenza ibe yigugu ezintweni ezihlukahlukene.
1.2. Inqubo yokukhiqiza
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kubandakanya ukufakwa kwe-cellulose etherification kusetshenziswa i-propylene oxide ne-methyl chloride. Le nqubo ishintsha amaqembu e-hydroxyl kumaketango e-cellulose, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwamaqembu e-hydroxypropyl kanye ne-methyl ether. Ukulawula izinga lokushintsha phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza kwenza kube ngokwezifiso izakhiwo ze-HPMC.
2. Izakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali
2.1. I-Solubility kanye ne-viscosity
Enye yezinto ezibalulekile ze-HPMC ukuncibilika kwayo emanzini. Izinga lokuqedwa lincike ezingeni lokushintshwa kanye nesisindo samangqamuzana. Lokhu kuziphatha kokuncibilika kuyenza ifanele ukwakheka okuhlukahlukene okudinga ukukhishwa okulawulwayo noma ukwakheka kwejeli.
I-viscosity yezixazululo ze-HPMC nayo iyalungiseka, kusukela kumamaki aphansi kuya aphezulu e-viscosity. Lesi sakhiwo sibalulekile ekuhlanganiseni izakhiwo ze-rheological zokubunjwa ezifana namakhilimu, ama-gel kanye nezixazululo ze-ophthalmic.
2.2. Ukusebenza kokwenza ifilimu
I-HPMC yaziwa ngamakhono ayo okwenza ifilimu, okuyenza ibe isithako esikahle sokumboza amaphilisi nama-granules. Ifilimu ewumphumela isobala futhi iyavumelana nezimo, ihlinzeka ngesendlalelo esivikelayo sesithako esisebenzayo somuthi (API) futhi iphromotha ukukhululwa okulawulwayo.
2.3. Ukuzinza okushisayo
IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose inokusimama okuhle kokushisa, okuyivumela ukuba imelane nezinhlobonhlobo zamazinga okushisa okuhlangatshezwane nazo phakathi nezinqubo zokukhiqiza. Le ndawo isiza ukukhiqizwa kwamafomu omthamo oqinile, okuhlanganisa amaphilisi namaphilisi.
3. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
3.1. Imboni yezemithi
I-HPMC isetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezokwelapha njenge-excipient ekwenziweni kwamathebulethi futhi inokusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene. Isebenza njenge-binder, elawula ukuhlakazeka nokukhululwa kwezithako ezisebenzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo zayo zokwenza ifilimu zenza kube kufanelekile ukugqoka amaphilisi ukuze kunikeze ungqimba oluvikelayo.
Ekwenziweni koketshezi ngomlomo, i-HPMC ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti elengayo, i-thickener, noma ukulungisa i-viscosity. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuzixazululo ze-ophthalmic kuyaphawuleka ngezakhiwo zayo zokunamathisela i-mucoadhesive, okuthuthukisa i-ocular bioavailability.
3.2. Imboni yokudla
Imboni yokudla isebenzisa i-HPMC njenge-ejenti yokuqina kanye ne-gelling emikhiqizweni eyahlukene. Ikhono layo lokwenza ama-gel acacile nokulawula i-viscosity yenza kube yigugu ezinhlelweni ezifana namasoso, okokugqoka kanye ne-confectionery. I-HPMC ivamise ukuthandwa ngaphezu kokujiya kwendabuko ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo kanye nokuntuleka komthelela kuzakhiwo zezinzwa zemikhiqizo yokudla.
3.3. Izimonyo nemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu
Ekwenziweni kwezimonyo, i-HPMC isetshenziselwa ukujiya kwayo, ukuzinzisa kanye nezakhiwo zefilimu. Ivame ukutholakala kuma-creams, ama-lotions, nemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa kwezinwele. Ikhono le-polymer lokuthuthukisa ukuthungwa nokuzinza kokwakheka kunomthelela ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kabanzi embonini yezimonyo.
3.4. Imboni yezokwakha
I-HPMC isetshenziswa embonini yezokwakha njenge-ejenti yokugcina amanzi odakeni olusekelwe kusimende nezinto ezisekelwe ku-gypsum. Umsebenzi wayo ukuthuthukisa ukucutshungulwa, ukuvimbela imifantu, nokuthuthukisa ukunamathela.
4. Ukucatshangelwa kwemithetho kanye nephrofayili yokuphepha
4.1. Isimo sokulawula
IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose ngokuvamile ibonwa njengephephile (GRAS) yizikhungo ezilawulayo ezifana ne-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) kanye ne-European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Ihlangabezana namazinga ahlukahlukene e-pharmacopoeial futhi ifakwe ohlwini lwama-monographs awo.
4.2. Ukubuka konke kwezokuvikela
Njengesamukeli esisetshenziswa kabanzi, i-HPMC inephrofayili yokuphepha enhle. Kodwa-ke, abantu abane-allergies eyaziwayo kokuphuma kwe-cellulose kufanele baqaphele. Ukugxila kwe-HPMC kufomula kulawulwa ngokuqinile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha, okubalulekile kubantu. Abakhiqizi bathobela imihlahlandlela esunguliwe.
5. Isiphetho namathemba esikhathi esizayo
IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose isivele njengesamukeli esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi esisetshenziswa kaningi embonini yezemithi, yokudla, yezimonyo neyokwakha. Inhlanganisela yayo eyingqayizivele ye-solubility, i-viscosity control kanye nezakhiwo zefilimu yenza kube isithako esibalulekile ekwakhiweni okuningi.
Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo nokuthuthukiswa emkhakheni wesayensi ye-polymer kungase kuholele ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo ekusebenzeni kwe-HPMC ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zemboni. Njengoba isidingo sokwenziwa kokukhishwa okulawulwayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo omusha siqhubeka sikhula, i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose cishe izogcina indima yayo evelele njengomsizi oguquguqukayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-15-2024