Iyiphi indima udaka lwe-ejenti yokungenisa umoya?

Isingeniso:

Udaka luyingxube kasimende, isihlabathi namanzi asetshenziselwa ukwakha ukuze kuhlanganiswe izitini noma amabhulokhi ndawonye. Iyingxenye ebalulekile yokwakhiwa kwamatshe futhi isetshenziswa emisebenzini ehlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukuklama izitini, ukuvinjelwa, umsebenzi wamatshe, nokuplasta. I-Air entraining agents (AEA) wuhlobo lwezithako zamakhemikhali ezingasetshenziswa odakeni ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngendima ye-air-entraining agents edakeni nokuthi bangathuthukisa kanjani ukusebenza kodaka.

Iyini i-Air-Entraining Agent (AEA)?

I-Air-entraining agents (AEA) izithasiselo zamakhemikhali ezifakwa odakeni ukuze kukhiqizwe amabhamuza omoya amancane, asabalaliswe ngokulinganayo phakathi kwengxube. Lawa mabhamuza omoya angathuthukisa ukusebenza, ukumelana nokuncibilika kweqhwa, nokuqina kodaka. Ama-ejenti afaka umoya-mpilo ngokuvamile ayinhlanganisela yezinto eziphilayo eziqukethe izinto ezisetshenziswayo noma amanye amakhemikhali angakha amaphakethe omoya ngaphakathi kwengxube. Inani lomoya elifakwe ekuxubeni lingalawulwa ngokulungisa inani le-ejenti yokungenisa umoya engezwa odakeni.

Izinhlobo zama-ejenti afaka umoya:

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-ejenti afaka umoya-mpilo asetshenziswa odakeni. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

1. Ama-Synthetic Surfactants: Lawa ngamakhemikhali okwenziwa aklanyelwe ukudala amabhamuza omoya amancane, asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo phakathi kwengxube. Ngokuvamile zengezwa ekuxutshweni ngendlela ewuketshezi futhi zingasetshenziswa kuzo zombili izinsika zikasimende nezingezona usimende.
2. Ama-Surfactants Emvelo: Lezi izinto zemvelo, ezifana nezitshalo zezitshalo noma amafutha ezilwane, aqukethe izinto ezisetshenziswayo. Angasetshenziswa kokubili odakeni lukasimende kanye nolwe-non-cementitious.
3. Ama-Hydrophobic Agents: Lawa ngamakhemikhali axosha amanzi futhi angasetshenziswa ukwakha amaphakethe omoya ngaphakathi kwengxube. Ngokuvamile zengezwa ekuxutshweni ngendlela yempushana futhi zingasetshenziswa kuzo zombili izinsika zikasimende nezingezona usimende.
4. I-Air-Entraining Admixtures: Lezi yizingxube zobunikazi zamakhemikhali eziklanyelwe ngokuqondile ukudala amabhamuza omoya amancane, asabalaliswe ngokulinganayo phakathi kwengxube. Ngokuvamile zengezwa ekuxutshweni ngendlela ewuketshezi futhi zingasetshenziswa kuzo zombili izinsika zikasimende nezingezona usimende.

Iqhaza lama-ejenti afaka umoya ku-Mortar:

1. Ukusebenza:

Ukwengezwa kwama-ejenti afaka umoya odakeni kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwawo. Amabhamuza omoya amancane, asatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo ekuhlanganiseni anganciphisa ukushuba kwendawo yengxube futhi enze kube lula ukusabalala nokuyiphatha. Lokhu kungaba wusizo ikakhulukazi lapho usebenza ngodaka ezimweni ezibandayo noma ezimanzi, njengoba amabhamuza omoya angasiza ukuvimbela ukuxubana ekubeni kuqine kakhulu noma kube nzima ukusebenza ngakho.

2. Ukumelana ne-Freeze-Thaw:

Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa ama-ejenti afaka umoya odakeni ukuthi angathuthukisa ukumelana kwawo nokuncibilika. Uma amanzi eba yiqhwa, ayanwebeka, okungadala umonakalo odakeni. Kodwa-ke, amabhamuza omoya amancane, asabalaliswe ngokulinganayo adalwe ama-ejenti afaka umoya anganikeza indawo ukuze amanzi andise abe kuwo, anciphise inani lomonakalo owenzekayo. Lokhu kungaba usizo ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezinobusika obunzima, lapho imijikelezo yokuncibilika kweqhwa ivamile.

3. Ukuqina:

Ama-ejenti afaka umoya-mpilo angaphinde athuthukise ukuqina kodaka. Amaphakethe omoya amancane ngaphakathi kwengxube angasebenza njengesivimbeli phakathi kwezinhlayiya eziqinile zengxube, anciphise ingcindezi ebekwe kuwo. Lokhu kungasiza ekuvimbeleni ukuqhekeka nezinye izinhlobo zokulimala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ikakhulukazi ezimeni lapho udaka luchayeka ekucindezelekeni okukhulu noma ukudlidliza.

4. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi:

Ama-air-entraining agents angasiza futhi ekwenzeni ngcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka. Amaphakethe omoya amancane ngaphakathi kwengxube angasiza ekuvimbeleni amanzi ukuthi angahwamuki ngokushesha kakhulu phezu kodaka, okungaba usizo ikakhulukazi ezimeni ezishisayo noma ezomile. Lokhu kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi udaka luhlala lusebenza isikhathi eside, lunciphise isidingo sokuxutshwa kabusha noma ukuphinda kufakwe isicelo.

5. Amandla ebhondi:

Enye inzuzo yokusebenzisa ama-ejenti afaka umoya odakeni ukuthi angathuthukisa amandla esibopho phakathi kodaka kanye namayunithi okwakha. Amaphakethe omoya amancane ngaphakathi kwengxube angasiza ekudaleni indawo enezimbotshana, okuvumela udaka ukuthi unamathele kangcono ebusweni beyunithi ye-masonry. Lokhu kungasiza ekwakheni isibopho esiqinile, esihlala isikhathi eside esingahle siqhekeke noma sehluleke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

6. Ukunciphisa Ukuncipha:

Ama-air-entraining agents angasiza futhi ekwehliseni ukushwabana kodaka njengoba lwelapheka. Uma udaka loma, lungancipha kancane, olungabangela ukuqhekeka noma ezinye izinhlobo zokulimala. Kodwa-ke, amaphakethe omoya amancane adalwe ama-ejenti afaka umoya angasiza ekwehliseni lokhu kuncipha, ukunciphisa ingozi yomonakalo nokuqinisekisa ukuthi udaka luhlala luqinile futhi luzinzile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Isiphetho:

Kafushane, ama-ejenti afaka umoya-mpilo adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kodaka. Zingathuthukisa ukusebenza, ukumelana nokuncibilika kweqhwa, ukuqina, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, amandla ebhondi, kanye nokuncipha kokuncipha kodaka, kuyenze ibe into enokwethenjelwa futhi esebenza ngempumelelo ukuze isetshenziswe ekwakheni. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-ejenti afaka umoya-mpilo atholakalayo, ngalinye linezici zalo ezihlukile kanye nezinzuzo. Ngokuqonda indima yama-ejenti afaka umoya odakeni, ochwepheshe bezokwakha bangakhetha uhlobo olufanele kanye nenani le-ejenti ukuze bafinyelele imiphumela oyifunayo futhi baqinisekise ukuthi amaphrojekthi abo akhiwe ukuze ahlale.