Ama-ether esitashi nama-cellulose ethers womabili ama-ether adlala indima ebalulekile ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi kwezokwakha nanjengezithasiselo emikhiqizweni ehlukahlukene. Nakuba zinokufana okuthile, ziyinhlanganisela ehlukene enezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezihlukene, izakhiwo, kanye nezicelo.
1.Isakhiwo samakhemikhali:
Isitashi ether:
Ama-starch ethers asuselwa kusitashi, i-polysaccharide eyakhiwa amayunithi e-glucose. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali sesitashi siqukethe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-amylose (amaketanga aqondile ama-molecule eglucose axhunywe amabhondi e-α-1,4-glycosidic) kanye ne-amylopectin (ene-α-1,4 kanye ne-α-1,6- Ama-polymers egatsha ane-glycosidic bond. ) ukuxhumana. Ama-ether esitashi atholakala ngokushintsha amaqembu e-hydroxyl esitashi ngenqubo ye-etherification.
I-cellulose ether:
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-cellulose ingenye i-polysaccharide, kodwa ukwakheka kwayo kuqukethe amayunithi e-glucose axhunywe ngamabhondi e-β-1,4-glycosidic. Ama-cellulose ethers atholakala ku-cellulose ngenqubo ye-etherification efanayo. Amayunithi aphindaphindayo ku-cellulose axhunywe ngamabhondi e-beta, akha ukwakheka komugqa kanye nekristalu ephezulu.
2. Umthombo:
Isitashi ether:
Isitashi sivela kakhulu ezitshalweni ezinjengommbila, ukolweni namazambane. Lezi zitshalo zingamachibi esitashi kanti ama-starch ether angakhishwa futhi acutshungulwe.
I-cellulose ether:
I-Cellulose iyingxenye eyinhloko yezindonga zamaseli ezitshalo futhi ikhona kakhulu emvelweni. Imithombo evamile ye-cellulose ihlanganisa i-pulp yokhuni, ukotini, nemicu yezitshalo ehlukahlukene. Ama-cellulose ether akhiqizwa ngokushintsha ama-molecule e-cellulose akhishwe kule mithombo.
3. Inqubo ye-Etherification:
Isitashi ether:
Inqubo ye-etherification yesitashi ihilela ukwethulwa kwamaqembu e-ether kumaqembu e-hydroxyl (OH) akhona kuma-molecule esitashi. Amaqembu e-ether avamile angeziwe ahlanganisa i-methyl, i-ethyl, i-hydroxyethyl, ne-hydroxypropyl, okuholela ekushintsheni kwezakhiwo zesitashi esishintshiwe.
I-cellulose ether:
I-Etherification ye-cellulose ihilela inqubo efanayo lapho amaqembu e-ether ethulwa emaqenjini e-hydroxyl e-cellulose. Okuphuma kokuphuma kwe-cellulose ether okujwayelekile kuhlanganisa i-methylcellulose, i-ethylcellulose, i-hydroxyethylcellulose ne-carboxymethylcellulose.
4. Ukunyibilika:
Isitashi ether:
Isitashi ether ngokuvamile sinokuncibilika kwamanzi okuphansi kune-cellulose ethers. Ngokuya ngeqembu elithile le-ether elinamathiselwe phakathi nokulungiswa, angase abonise amazinga ahlukene okuncibilika.
I-cellulose ether:
Ama-cellulose ether aziwa ngezinto zawo ezincibilika emanzini noma ezihlakazeka emanzini. Ukuncibilika kuncike ohlotsheni nezinga lokushintshwa kwe-ether.
5. Ukusebenza kokwenza ifilimu:
Isitashi ether:
Ama-ether esitashi ngokuvamile anamakhono alinganiselwe okwenza ifilimu ngenxa yemvelo yawo ye-semi-crystalline. Ifilimu ewumphumela ingase ingabonakali futhi iguquguquke kancane kunamafilimu enziwe ngama-cellulose ethers.
I-cellulose ether:
Ama-cellulose ether, ikakhulukazi okuphuma kokunye okufana ne-methylcellulose, aziwa ngezici zawo ezinhle kakhulu zokwenza ifilimu. Bangakwazi ukudala amafilimu acacile futhi aguquguqukayo, awenze abe yigugu ezinhlelweni ezifana nama-coatings nama-adhesives.
6.Izakhiwo ze-Rheological:
Isitashi ether:
Ama-ether esitashi angandisa i-viscosity yezixazululo ezinamanzi, kodwa ukuziphatha kwawo kwe-rheological kungase kuhluke kuma-cellulose ethers. Umthelela ku-viscosity uncike ezintweni ezifana nezinga lokushintshwa kanye nesisindo samangqamuzana.
I-cellulose ether:
Ama-cellulose ether aqashelwa kabanzi ngamakhono awo okulawula i-rheology. Zingathinta kakhulu i-viscosity, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nezakhiwo zokugeleza ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlanganisa amapende, izinto zokunamathisela nezinto zokwakha.
7. Isicelo:
Isitashi ether:
Ama-ether esitashi angasetshenziswa ezimbonini zokudla, zendwangu kanye nezithaka imithi. Embonini yezokwakha, asetshenziswa odakeni, kumapulasi kanye nezinamatheliso ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo ezifana nokugcinwa kwamanzi nokusebenza kahle.
I-cellulose ether:
Ama-cellulose ethers asetshenziswa kakhulu kwezemithi, ukudla, izimonyo kanye nezinkambu zokwakha. Zisetshenziswa kabanzi njengama-thickeners, ama-stabilizers nama-rheology modifiers kumapende, ama-mortars, ama-adhesives amathayili kanye nokwakhiwa okuhlukahlukene.
8. I-Biodegradability:
Isitashi ether:
Ama-ether esitashi atholakala ezitshalweni futhi ngokuvamile ayabola. Zisiza ukukhulisa ukusimama kwemikhiqizo esetshenzisiwe.
I-cellulose ether:
Ama-cellulose ethers atholakala ku-cellulose yezitshalo nawo angabola. Ukuhambisana kwazo kwezemvelo kuyinzuzo eyinhloko ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho ukusimama kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ekuphetheni:
Nakuba i-starch ethers kanye ne-cellulose ethers babelana ngokunye okufanayo njengokuphuma kwe-polysaccharide, izakhiwo zabo zamakhemikhali eziyingqayizivele, imithombo, ukuncibilika, izakhiwo zefilimu, ukuziphatha kwe-rheological kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zikubeka eceleni ukuze zisetshenziswe emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Ama-ether esitashi atholakala ku-starch nama-cellulose ethers atholakala ku-cellulose ngalinye linezinzuzo eziyingqayizivele ezimeni ezahlukene. Ukuqonda lo mehluko kubalulekile ekukhetheni i-ether elungile yohlelo oluthile, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphelele nezici ezifiswayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-25-2024