I-Polyanionic cellulose (i-PAC) iphuma kokunye okuguquliwe kwe-cellulose esetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni ezihlukene zezimboni. Le polymer esebenza ngezindlela eziningi isuselwa ku-cellulose, i-polysaccharide yemvelo etholakala ezindongeni zamaseli ezitshalo. Ukuguqulwa kuhilela ukwethulwa kwamaqembu e-anionic kumgogodla we-cellulose, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe ukuncibilika kwamanzi nokuthuthukisa izakhiwo ze-rheological. I-PAC ewumphumela inezindawo ezihlukile eziyenza ibaluleke embonini kawoyela negesi, ukukhiqizwa kokudla, kwezemithi, nokunye.
I-Cellulose iyi-polymer eqondile eyakhiwe amayunithi e-glucose aphindaphindayo axhunywe ngamabhondi e-β-1,4-glycosidic. Igcwele imvelo futhi iyingxenye yesakhiwo sezindonga zamaseli ezitshalo. Kodwa-ke, i-cellulose yemvelo inokuncibilika okulinganiselwe emanzini ngenxa yamabhondi ayo e-hydrogen e-intermolecular aqinile. Ukuze kunqotshwe lo mkhawulo, i-polyanionic cellulose yahlanganiswa ngochungechunge lokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali.
Indlela evamile yokukhiqiza kwe-PAC ibandakanya ukusabela kwe-etherification noma i-esterification. Phakathi nalezi zinqubo, amaqembu e-anionic, njenge-carboxylate noma amaqembu e-sulfonate, angeniswa emaketangeni e-cellulose. Lokhu kunikeza i-polymer ukushaja okungekuhle, kuyenze incibilike emanzini futhi kuyinikeze izakhiwo ezihlukile. Izinga lokushintsha noma inani lamaqembu e-anionic ngeyunithi ngayinye ye-glucose lingalungiswa ukuze kulungiselelwe izakhiwo ze-PAC engumphumela ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza.
Enye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu i-PAC embonini kawoyela negesi, lapho isetshenziswa khona njengesengezo esibalulekile kuketshezi lokumba. Uketshezi lokumba, olubuye lwaziwe njengodaka, ludlala indima ebalulekile ekumbiweni kwemithombo kawoyela negesi, okuhlanganisa ukupholisa i-drill bit, ukuthutha okusikiwe phezulu, nokugcina ukuqina kwe-wellbore. Ukwengeza i-PAC oketshezini lokumba kulawula izici zayo ze-rheological, ezifana ne-viscosity nokulahlekelwa uketshezi. Isebenza njenge-tackifier, ivimbela okuqinile ekuzinzeni nasekuqinisekiseni ukumiswa okusebenzayo oketshezini.
Izici ze-rheological ze-PAC zingalungiswa kahle ukuze kuzuzwe ibhalansi oyifunayo phakathi kwe-viscosity nokulawulwa kokulahlekelwa uketshezi. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kokumba ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene, njengokubunjwa okuhlukene namazinga okushisa. Ukunyibilika kwamanzi kwe-PAC kuphinda kukwenze kube lula ukuxutshwa noketshezi lokumba, futhi ukuzinza kwayo kububanzi bezimo ze-pH kuthuthukisa ngokwengeziwe ukusebenza kwayo emkhakheni.
Ngokungeziwe endimeni yayo ekubhojweni okuketshezi, i-PAC isetshenziswa kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene. Embonini yokudla, isetshenziswa njenge-thickener kanye ne-stabilizer emikhiqizweni efana nezingubo zesaladi, amasoso kanye nemikhiqizo yobisi. Ikhono layo lokuthuthukisa i-viscosity nokulawula ukuthungwa kuyenza ibaluleke ekwakhiweni lapho lezi zakhiwo zibalulekile.
Imboni eyenza imithi iphinde isebenzise ama-PAC njengabasizi ekwakhiweni kwezidakamizwa. Ingafakwa embotsheni yethebulethi nasekulungiseni ukukhishwa okulawulwayo ukuze kulinganiswe izilinganiso zokukhishwa kwezidakamizwa. I-biocompatibility kanye nobuthi obuphansi be-PAC bunomthelela ekwamukelweni kwayo ezinsizeni zemithi.
Ukwengeza, i-PAC ithole izicelo ezinqubweni zokuhlanza amanzi. Imvelo yayo ye-anionic ivumela ukuthi ihlanganyele nezinhlayiya ezifakwe kahle, okusiza ukususa ukungcola emanzini. Kulokhu, isebenza njenge-flocculant noma i-coagulant, ikhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlayiya ukuze kube lula ukususa nge-sedimentation noma ukuhlunga.
Naphezu kokusetshenziswa kwayo okubanzi, izindaba ezingaba khona zezemvelo kanye nokusimama okuhlobene nokukhiqizwa nokulahlwa kwe-PAC kufanele kubhekwe. Abacwaningi nezimboni basaqhubeka nokuhlola amakhemikhali aluhlaza neminye imithombo ye-cellulose ukuze kubhekwane nalezi zinkinga.
I-Polyanionic cellulose iyisibonelo esivelele sokuthi ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali kungaguqula kanjani ama-polymers emvelo abe izinto ezisebenzayo eziningi ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene. Iqhaza layo ezimbonini ezifana nowoyela negesi, ukudla nemithi igqamisa ukuguquguquka kwayo kanye nokubaluleka okuqhubekayo kokuphuma kwe-cellulose ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza zesimanje. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka kanye nesidingo sezisombululo ezisimeme sikhula, ukuseshwa kwezindlela ezivikela imvelo zokukhiqizwa kwe-PAC kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo kungenzeka kuqhubeke nokuthuthuka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-19-2023