Iyini i-Hydrocolloids?

Ama-Hydrocolloid adlala indima ebalulekile embonini yokudla njengezithasiselo eziguqula ukuthungwa, ukuqina, kanye nezici zezinzwa zemikhiqizo yokudla. Lezi zithako zibalulekile ekuzuzeni izakhiwo ezifiselekayo ze-rheological, njenge-viscosity, i-gelation, nokumiswa, ezinhlobonhlobo zokudla okwakhiwa. Ake sihlole amanye ama-hydrocolloid ajwayelekile asetshenziswa njengezithasiselo zokudla kanye nezicelo zawo:

1. Xanthan Gum:

• Umsebenzi: I-Xanthan gum iyi-polysaccharide ekhiqizwa ngokuvutshelwa yi-bacterium i-Xanthomonas campestris. Isebenza njenge-thickener, stabilizer, kanye ne-emulsifier emikhiqizweni yokudla.
• Izicelo: I-Xanthan gum isetshenziswa kumasoso, okokugqoka, ama-gravies, imikhiqizo yobisi, kanye nokubhaka okungenagluten ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthungwa, i-viscosity, nempilo yeshalofu. Iphinde ivimbele ukuhlukaniswa kwezithako futhi ithuthukise ukuzinza kweqhwa.

2. I-Guar Gum:

• Umsebenzi: I-Guar gum itholakala embewini yesitshalo se-guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) futhi iqukethe i-galactomannan polysaccharides. Isebenza njenge-thickener, stabilizer, kanye ne-binder ekwakhiweni kokudla.
• Izicelo: I-Guar gum isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yobisi, ezimpahleni zokubhaka, amasoso, iziphuzo, nokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo ukuze kwandiswe i-viscosity, ukuthuthukisa ukuthungwa, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezindawo ezibopha amanzi. Isebenza kahle kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukhilimu wama-ayisikhilimu kanye nokwenza ngcono umlomo wemikhiqizo enamafutha aphansi.

3. I-Locust Bean Gum (Carob Gum):

• Umsebenzi: I-Locust bean gum ikhishwa embewini yesihlahla se-carob (Ceratonia siliqua) futhi iqukethe i-galactomannan polysaccharides. Isebenza njenge-thickener, stabilizer, ne-ejenti ye-gelling emikhiqizweni yokudla.
• Izicelo: Ishingamu kabhontshisi wesikhonyane isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yobisi, ama-dessert afriziwe, amasoso, kanye nemikhiqizo yenyama ukuze kuhlinzekwe i-viscosity, ukuthuthukisa ukuthungwa, nokuvimbela i-synersis (ukuhlukaniswa koketshezi). Ivame ukuhlanganiswa namanye ama-hydrocolloid ngemiphumela ye-synergistic.

4. U-Agar Agari:

• Umsebenzi: I-agar agar iyi-polysaccharide ekhishwe olwandle, ikakhulukazi ulwelwe olubomvu. Yakha amajeli ashisayo futhi isebenza njenge-stabilizer, thickener, kanye ne-ejenti ye-geling ekufakweni kokudla.
• Izicelo: I-agar agar isetshenziswa ku-confectionery, ama-dessert, amajeli, ujamu, kanye nemidiya yamasiko e-microbiological. Ihlinzeka ngama-gel aqinile ekugxilweni okuphansi futhi imelana nokuwohloka kwe-enzymatic, okwenza ifaneleke ukucubungula izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nempilo ende yeshalofu.

5. I-Carrageenan:

• Umsebenzi: I-Carrageenan ikhishwa olwandle olubomvu futhi iqukethe ama-polysaccharides ane-sulfate. Isebenza njenge-thickener, stabilizer, kanye ne-ejenti ye-gelling emikhiqizweni yokudla.
• Izicelo: I-Carrageenan isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yobisi, ubisi olusekelwe ezitshalweni, ama-dessert, kanye nemikhiqizo yenyama ukuthuthukisa ukuthungwa, ukuzwakala komlomo, kanye nezakhiwo zokulenga. Ithuthukisa ukhilimu we-yoghurt, ivimbele ukuhlukaniswa kwe-whey kushizi, futhi inikeza isakhiwo kwezinye izindlela ze-vegan gelatin.

6. I-Cellulose Gum (Carboxymethylcellulose, CMC):

• Umsebenzi: I-Cellulose gum iwukuphuma kwe-cellulose eguquliwe ekhiqizwa i-carboxymethylation ye-cellulose. Isebenza njenge-thickener, stabilizer, kanye ne-binder yamanzi ekwakhiweni kokudla.
• Izicelo: I-Cellulose gum isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yokubhaka, ezinye izindlela zobisi, amasoso, neziphuzo ukwandisa i-viscosity, ukuthuthukisa ukuthungwa, nokuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa kwesigaba. Ivame ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwekhalori ephansi kanye namafutha ancishisiwe ngenxa yekhono layo lokulingisa ukuzwakala komlomo wamafutha.

7. I-Konjac Gum (Konjac Glucomannan):

• Umsebenzi: I-Konjac gum isuselwa ku-tuber yesitshalo se-konjac (Amorphophallus konjac) futhi iqukethe i-glucomannan polysaccharides. Isebenza njenge-thickener, i-gelling agent, kanye ne-emulsifier emikhiqizweni yokudla.
• Izicelo: I-Konjac gum isetshenziswa kuma-noodle, amaswidi ejeli, izithasiselo zokudla, kanye nezinye izindlela ze-vegan esikhundleni se-gelatin. Yakha amajeli anwebekayo anamandla okubamba amanzi aqinile futhi ibaluleke kakhulu ngekhalori ephansi kanye nezakhiwo zefiber ephezulu.

8. U-Gellan Gum:

• Umsebenzi: I-gellan gum ikhiqizwa ngokuvutshelwa kusetshenziswa ibhaktheriya i-Sphingomonas elodea futhi yakha amajeli ashisayo. Isebenza njenge-stabilizer, thickener, kanye ne-ejenti ye-gelling ekwakhiweni kokudla.
• Izicelo: I-gellan gum isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yobisi, ama-dessert, ama-confectionery, kanye nezinye izindlela ezisekelwe esitshalweni ukuze kuhlinzekwe ukuthungwa, ukumiswa, kanye ne-gelation. Isebenza ngokukhethekile ekudaleni ama-gel asobala kanye nokumisa izinhlayiya eziphuzweni.

Isiphetho:

Ama-Hydrocolloids ayizithasiselo zokudla ezibalulekile ezifaka isandla ekwakhiweni, ekuzinzeni, nasezindabeni zezinzwa zezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo yokudla. I-hydrocolloid ngayinye inikezela ngokusebenza okuhlukile nezinzuzo, okuvumela abaklami ukuthi bafinyelele izici zomkhiqizo abafiselekayo ngenkathi behlangabezana nezintandokazi zabathengi zokuthungwa, ukuzwa komlomo, nokubukeka. Ngokuqonda izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwama-hydrocolloid ahlukene, abakhiqizi bokudla bangathuthukisa ukwakheka okusha okuhlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukahlukene zabathengi banamuhla.