Embonini yamakhemikhali, i-CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium) ibizwa nangokuthi i-CMC. I-CMC iwukuphuma kwe-cellulose okubalulekile okutholwe ngokushintsha amakhemikhali i-cellulose yemvelo. Ngokukhethekile, ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana e-CMC ukuthi amaqembu e-carboxymethyl angeniswa ku-molecule ye-cellulose, eyinikeza izici eziningi ezintsha zomzimba namakhemikhali, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi kumakhemikhali, ukudla, imithi nakwezinye izimboni.
1. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo ze-CMC
I-CMC iyinhlanganisela ye-cellulose ether etholwe ukusabela kwe-cellulose ne-chloroacetic acid, futhi iyunithi yayo yesakhiwo eyisisekelo iyindandatho ye-β-1,4-glucose. Ngokungafani ne-cellulose yemvelo, amaqembu e-carboxymethyl angeniswa esakhiweni samangqamuzana e-CMC, esenza sikwazi ukwenza isisombululo se-viscous colloidal emanzini. Isisindo samangqamuzana e-CMC singalungiswa ngokuya ngezinga lokusabela, futhi ama-CMC ezisindo zamangqamuzana ahlukene abonisa ukunyibilika okuhlukile kanye ne-viscosity ekusetshenzisweni. I-solubility kanye ne-viscosity ye-CMC ithintwa yizinga lokushintsha (okungukuthi, inani lezinto ezifakwe esikhundleni se-molecule ye-cellulose). I-CMC enezinga eliphezulu lokushintshwa ivamise ukuba nokuncibilika kwamanzi okuphezulu kanye ne-viscosity. I-CMC inokusimama okuphezulu kwamakhemikhali, inokubekezelela okuthile endaweni ene-asidi ne-alkali, ayinabo ubuthi futhi ayinabungozi, futhi ihlangabezana nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye namazinga ezempilo.
2. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-CMC
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-CMC ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezintathu: i-alkalization, i-etherification kanye nokwelashwa ngemva kokwelashwa.
I-Alkalization: I-Cellulose (imvamisa evela ezintweni zemvelo ezifana nokotini ne-pulp yokhuni) iphathwa nge-sodium hydroxide ukuze kuthuthukiswe umsebenzi we-hydroxyl we-cellulose, elungele ukusabela okulandelayo.
I-Etherification: I-sodium chloroacetate yengezwa ku-cellulose ye-alkali, futhi amaqembu e-carboxymethyl ethulwa ngokusabela ukuguqula i-cellulose ibe yi-carboxymethyl cellulose.
Ngemuva kokwelashwa: I-CMC ekhiqizwe ukusabela ayithathi hlangothi, ihlungiwe, yomiswe futhi igaywe ukuze ekugcineni ithole imikhiqizo yokucaciswa okuhlukile. Izinga lokushintshwa kanye nesisindo samangqamuzana omkhiqizo singalungiswa ngokulawula izimo zokusabela, ukugxila kwempahla eluhlaza kanye nesikhathi sokusabela, ukuze kutholwe imikhiqizo ye-CMC enama-viscosity ahlukene kanye nezakhiwo zokuncibilika.
3. Izici zokusebenza ze-CMC
Njenge-thickener esebenza kahle kakhulu, i-stabilizer, ifilimu yangaphambili kanye ne-adhesive, i-CMC inezici zokusebenza ezilandelayo:
Ukunyibilika okuhle kwamanzi: I-CMC incibilika kalula emanzini futhi ingakha isixazululo se-colloidal esisobala, futhi inqubo yokuhlakaza ithambile futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
Umphumela oqinile wokujiya: I-CMC ingakhuphula ngokuphawulekayo i-viscosity yesixazululo ekugxiliseni okuphansi, okuyenza ibe nenani eliphakeme lohlelo ezikhathini eziningi lapho kudingeka khona imiphumela yokujiya.
Ukuzinza: I-CMC inokubekezelela okuphezulu kwe-asidi, i-alkali, ukukhanya, ukushisa, njll., futhi inozinzo oluhle lwesixazululo.
Iphephile futhi ayinabo ubuthi: I-CMC isetshenziswa kakhulu ekudleni, emithini nakwezinye izimboni. Iphephile futhi ayinabo ubuthi futhi ifanele izinto zokuxhumana zokudla okuqondile noma okungaqondile.
4. Izinkambu zokufaka izicelo ze-CMC
Imboni yokudla: I-CMC isetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-thickener, emulsifier, stabilizer, njll. embonini yokudla. Ingasetshenziswa ku-ayisikhilimu, ujamu, ama-condiments, iziphuzo, imikhiqizo yobisi, njll ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngempumelelo ukuthungwa, ukunambitheka nokuzinza kokudla. Isibonelo, i-CMC njenge-thickener ku-ayisikhilimu ingavimbela ngempumelelo ukwakheka kwamakristalu eqhwa futhi yenze ukunambitheka kwe-ayisikhilimu kube bushelelezi.
Imboni yezokwenziwa kwemithi: Emkhakheni wokwenza imithi, i-CMC ingasetshenziswa njengento enamathelayo yamaphilisi, i-matrix yamafutha okugcoba, kanye ne-thickener yezinye izidakamizwa eziwuketshezi. I-CMC futhi inezici ezithile zokunamathela kanye zokwenza ifilimu, ezingathuthukisa umphumela olawulwayo wokukhululwa kwezidakamizwa futhi ithuthukise izinga lokuzinza kanye nokumuncwa kwezidakamizwa.
Imboni yamakhemikhali yansuku zonke: Ezimonyoni nasezikhiqizweni zokunakekelwa komuntu siqu, i-CMC isetshenziswa kakhulu kumafutha okugcoba, okhilimu, ama-shampoos neminye imikhiqizo njengokujiya nokuqiniswa. Ukuncibilika kwamanzi okuhle kwe-CMC kanye nezakhiwo zokwenza ifilimu kuyenza ikwazi ukuzinzisa ukwakheka kwezimonyo futhi ithuthukise ukuthamba komkhiqizo.
Imboni kaphethiloli: I-CMC idlala indima ye-thickener ne-ejenti yokuhlunga kuketshezi lokumba, uketshezi oluqhekekayo kanye nodaka lukasimende, yehlisa ngempumelelo ubungozi bokulahleka koketshezi kanye nokuvinjwa ngesikhathi sokumba, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha kokumba.
Imboni yendwangu kanye nephepha: I-CMC ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokulinganisa intambo, i-ejenti yokuqedela izindwangu kanye nesengezo sephepha emkhakheni wendwangu kanye nowokwenza iphepha, okungathuthukisa amandla entambo futhi kuthuthukise ukumelana kwamanzi namandla aqinile ephepha.
5. Isidingo semakethe kanye namathemba okuthuthukiswa kwe-CMC
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo komnotho womhlaba kanye nokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, isidingo semakethe ye-CMC siyakhula. Ikakhulukazi ezimbonini zokudla nemithi, njengoba abathengi benaka kakhulu impilo nokuphepha, i-CMC yokuqina yemvelo nengenabungozi kancane kancane ithathe indawo yamakhemikhali okwenziwa. Ngokuzayo, isidingo semakethe ye-CMC kulindeleke ukuthi siqhubeke nokukhula, ikakhulukazi kumathemba okufaka isicelo sokujiya ukudla, uketshezi lokumba, abathwali bokukhululwa okulawulwa yizidakamizwa, njll.
Njengoba umthombo wezinto ezingavuthiwe ze-CMC ikakhulukazi i-cellulose yemvelo, inqubo yokukhiqiza inobungani bemvelo. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nentuthuko yemboni yamakhemikhali aluhlaza, inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-CMC nayo ihlala ithuthuka, njengokunciphisa ukukhishwa kokungcola ohlelweni lokukhiqiza, ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza, njll., nokulwela ukwenza ukukhiqizwa kwe-CMC kuhlangabezane nomgomo. yentuthuko esimeme.
Njengengxenye ebalulekile ye-cellulose derivative, i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) isetshenziswe kabanzi ezimbonini eziningi ezifana namakhemikhali, ukudla, imithi, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke, i-petroleum, i-textile kanye ne-papermaking ngenxa yokuncibilika kwamanzi okuyingqayizivele, ukuqina kanye nokuzinza okuhle. Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kwesidingo semakethe, inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezinkambu zokusetshenziswa kwe-CMC zikhula njalo, futhi inamandla okuthuthuka okubalulekile emikhakheni yemboni yamakhemikhali aluhlaza kanye nezicelo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu esikhathini esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-01-2024