Yiziphi izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose?

IHydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) iyi-polymer esebenzayo etholakala ku-cellulose yemvelo. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ezemithi, ukudla, ezokwakha kanye nezimonyo. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-HPMC kuhilela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezingavuthiwe kanye nenqubo enezinyathelo eziningi.

I-Cellulose:

Umthombo: Impahla eyinhloko ye-HPMC i-cellulose, i-carbohydrate eyinkimbinkimbi etholakala ezindongeni zamaseli ezitshalo. Umthombo ovame kakhulu we-cellulose wokukhiqizwa kwe-HPMC i-pulp yokhuni, kodwa eminye imithombo efana ne-cotton linters ingasetshenziswa.
Ukulungiselela: I-Cellulose ivamise ukulashwa ukuze isuse ukungcola bese icutshungulwa ibe yifomu elifanele ukuze kulungiswe okwengeziwe.

Isisekelo:

Uhlobo: I-sodium hydroxide (NaOH) noma i-potassium hydroxide (KOH) ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesisekelo phakathi nezigaba zokuqala zokukhiqizwa kwe-HPMC.
Umsebenzi: I-alkali isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-cellulose, ibangele ukuthi ivuvuke futhi ibhubhise ukwakheka kwayo. Le nqubo, ebizwa ngokuthi i-alkalization, ilungiselela i-cellulose ukusabela okwengeziwe.

I-ejenti ye-alkali etherifying:

I-Hydroxypropylating agent: I-Propylene oxide ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwethula amaqembu e-hydroxypropyl kumgogodla we-cellulose. Lesi sinyathelo sinikeza ukuncibilika nezinye izinto ezifiselekayo ku-cellulose.
I-Methylating agents: I-Methyl chloride noma i-dimethyl sulfate ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwethula amaqembu e-methyl esakhiweni se-cellulose, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise izakhiwo zayo zonke.

I-ejenti ye-Methylating:

I-Methanol: I-Methanol ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-solvent futhi i-reactant ezinqubweni ze-methylation. Kuyasiza ukwethula amaqembu e-methyl kumaketanga e-cellulose.

I-Hydroxypropylating ejenti:

I-Propylene oxide: Iwukhiye wezinto ezingavuthiwe zokwethula amaqembu e-hydroxypropyl ku-cellulose. Ukusabela phakathi kwe-propylene oxide ne-cellulose kwenzeka ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo.

i-catalyst:

I-Acid Catalyst: I-acid catalyst, efana ne-sulfuric acid, isetshenziselwa ukukhuthaza ukusabela kwe-etherification. Basiza ukulawula amazinga okusabela kanye nezakhiwo zomkhiqizo.

I-Solvent:

Amanzi: Amanzi avame ukusetshenziswa njenge-solvent ezigabeni ezihlukahlukene zenqubo yokukhiqiza. Kubalulekile ekuncibilikiseni ama-reactants kanye nokukhuthaza ukusabela phakathi kwe-cellulose nama-etherifying agents.

I-Neutralizer:

I-sodium hydroxide (NaOH) noma i-potassium hydroxide (KOH): isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ama-acid catalysts futhi ilungise i-pH ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa.

isihlanzi:

Izinsiza Zokuhlunga: Izinsiza ezihlukahlukene zokuhlunga zingasetshenziswa ukususa ukungcola kanye nemikhiqizo engadingeki evela engxubeni yokusabela.
Izihlanzi: Ukugeza ngamanzi noma ezinye izincibilikisi kusiza ekukhipheni amakhemikhali ayizinsalela nokungcola emkhiqizweni wokugcina.

I-Desiccant:

Ukomiswa komoya noma kuhhavini: Ngemva kokuhlanzwa, umkhiqizo ungomiswa komoya noma ihhavini ukuze kususwe i-solvent esele kanye nomswakama.

I-ejenti yokulawula ikhwalithi:

Ama-Reagents Okuhlaziya: Ama-reagents ahlukahlukene asetshenziselwa izinjongo zokulawula ikhwalithi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imikhiqizo ye-HPMC ihlangabezana nokusebenza okudingekayo kanye nokucaciswa.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kubandakanya ukulungisa i-cellulose ngochungechunge lokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Izinto ezingavuthiwe zihlanganisa i-cellulose, i-alkali, i-etherifying agent, i-catalyst, i-solvent, i-ejenti engathathi hlangothi, i-ejenti yokuhlanza kanye ne-desiccant, edlala indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokuhlanganiswa. Izimo ezithile kanye nama-reagents asetshenziswayo angahluka kuye ngezakhiwo ezifunwayo kanye nokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo wokugcina we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.