I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (i-HPMC, i-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose) iyi-ether ye-cellulose ebalulekile, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni, emithini, ekudleni nakweminye imikhakha, futhi ivame kakhulu ezintweni zokwakha. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC kungenye yezakhiwo zayo ezibalulekile futhi kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwezimo eziningi zohlelo lokusebenza. Izinto ezithinta ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC zifaka ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana, izinga lokushintsha, isisindo samangqamuzana, ukuncibilika, izinga lokushisa le-ambient, izithasiselo, njll.
1. Ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana
I-HPMC iwumphumela we-cellulose isakhiwo sayo samangqamuzana esinomthelela omkhulu ekugcineni amanzi. Isakhiwo samangqamuzana e-HPMC siqukethe i-hydrophilic hydroxyl (-OH), i-lipophilic methyl (-CH₃) ne-hydroxypropyl (-CH₂CHOHCH₃). Ingxenye nokusatshalaliswa kwalawa maqembu e-hydrophilic kanye ne-lipophilic kunomthelela oqondile ekusebenzeni kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC.
Iqhaza lamaqembu e-hydroxyl: Amaqembu e-Hydroxyl amaqembu e-hydrophilic angakha amabhondi e-hydrogen ngama-molecule amanzi, ngaleyo ndlela asize ukuthuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC.
Iqhaza lamaqembu e-methyl kanye ne-hydroxypropyl: Lawa maqembu ane-hydrophobic futhi angathinta ukuncibilika kanye nezinga lokushisa le-gelation le-HPMC emanzini, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi.
2. Izinga lokushintsha
I-degree of substitution (DS) ibhekisela enanini eliyisilinganiso lamaqembu e-hydroxyl afakwe esikhundleni kuma-molecule e-cellulose. Ku-HPMC, izinga lokushintshwa kwe-methoxy (-OCH₃) kanye ne-hydroxypropoxy (-OCH₂CHOHCH₃) ngokuvamile liyathinteka, okungukuthi, izinga lokushintshwa kwe-methoxy (MS) kanye nezinga lokushintshwa kwe-hydroxypropoxy (HP):
Izinga eliphezulu lokushintsha: Uma izinga lokushintsha liphakeme, amaqembu amaningi e-HPMC enawo amanzi amaningi, futhi ngokwethiyori ukugcinwa kwamanzi kuzothuthukiswa. Kodwa-ke, izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokushintsha lingaholela ekuncibilikeni ngokweqile, futhi umphumela wokugcina amanzi ungancipha.
Izinga eliphansi lokushintsha: I-HPMC enezinga eliphansi lokushintsha inokuncibilika okuncane emanzini, kodwa isakhiwo senethiwekhi esibunjiwe singase sizinze, ngaleyo ndlela sigcine ukugcinwa kwamanzi okungcono.
Ukulungisa izinga lokushintsha phakathi kwebanga elithile kungathuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC. Ububanzi obujwayelekile bokushintshwa kwamadigri ngokuvamile bungu-19-30% we-methoxy kanye no-4-12% we-hydroxypropoxy.
3. Isisindo samangqamuzana
Isisindo samangqamuzana e-HPMC sinomthelela omkhulu ekugcineni amanzi:
Isisindo samangqamuzana aphezulu: I-HPMC enesisindo esiphezulu samangqamuzana inamaketanga amangqamuzana amade futhi yakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi esiminyene, esingamukela futhi sigcine amanzi amaningi, ngaleyo ndlela sithuthukise ukugcinwa kwamanzi.
Isisindo samangqamuzana aphansi: I-HPMC enesisindo esiphansi samangqamuzana inama-molecule amafushane namandla okugcina amanzi abuthaka, kodwa inokunyibilika okuhle futhi ifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukuhlakazeka ngokushesha.
Ngokuvamile, ububanzi besisindo samangqamuzana e-HPMC obusetshenziswa ezintweni zokwakha busukela ku-80,000 kuye ku-200,000.
4. Ukuncibilika
Ukunyibilika kwe-HPMC kuthinta ngqo ukugcinwa kwayo kwamanzi. Ukunyibilika okuhle kusiza i-HPMC ukuthi ihlakazeke ngokugcwele ku-matrix, ngaleyo ndlela yakhe isakhiwo esifanayo sokugcina amanzi. Ukuncibilika kuthinteka yilokhu:
Izinga lokushisa lokuncibilika: I-HPMC incibilika kancane emanzini abandayo, kodwa incibilika ngokushesha emanzini afudumele. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu lizobangela i-HPMC ukuthi incibilike kakhulu, kuthinte isakhiwo sayo sokugcina amanzi.
Inani le-pH: I-HPMC izwela kunani le-pH futhi inokunyibilika okungcono ezindaweni ezingathathi hlangothi noma ezine-asidi ebuthaka. Ingase yehlise noma yehlise ukuncibilika ngaphansi kwamanani e-pH adlulele.
5. Izinga lokushisa le-ambient
Izinga lokushisa linomthelela omkhulu ekugcineni amanzi e-HPMC:
Izinga lokushisa eliphansi: Ngezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ukuncibilika kwe-HPMC kuncipha, kodwa i-viscosity iphakeme, engakha isakhiwo esizinzile sokugcina amanzi.
Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu: Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lisheshisa ukuqedwa kwe-HPMC, kodwa lingase libangele umonakalo esakhiweni esigcina amanzi futhi lithinte umphumela walo wokugcina amanzi. Ngokuvamile, ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuhle kungagcinwa ngaphansi kuka-40 ℃.
6. Izithasiselo
I-HPMC ivame ukusetshenziswa kanye nezinye izithasiselo ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo. Lezi zengezo zingathinta ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC:
Ama-Plasticizers: njenge-glycerol ne-ethylene glycol, engathuthukisa ukuguquguquka nokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC.
Ama-Fillers: njenge-gypsum ne-quartz powder, azothinta ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC futhi aguqule izici zayo zokuhlakazeka nokuhlakazeka ngokusebenzisana ne-HPMC.
7. Imibandela yesicelo
Ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC nakho kuzothinteka ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene zokufaka isicelo:
Izimo zokwakha: njengesikhathi sokwakha, umswakama wendawo, njll. zizothinta umphumela wokugcina amanzi we-HPMC.
Inani lokusetshenziswa: Inani le-HPMC lithinta ngqo ukugcinwa kwamanzi. Ngokuvamile, i-HPMC enedosi ephezulu ibonisa umphumela ongcono wokugcina amanzi odakeni lukasimende nezinye izinto.
Kunezici eziningi ezithinta ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC, okuhlanganisa ukwakheka kwayo kwamangqamuzana, izinga lokushintsha, isisindo samangqamuzana, ukuncibilika, izinga lokushisa le-ambient, izithasiselo, nezimo zangempela zohlelo lokusebenza. Phakathi nenqubo yokufaka isicelo, ngokukhetha ngokunengqondo futhi ulungise lezi zici, ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC kungathuthukiswa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zezinkambu ezahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-24-2024