Ukusetshenziswa okuhlukahlukene kwe-cellulose kanye nokuphuma kwayo

I-Cellulose iyi-macromolecular polysaccharide eyakhiwe nge-glucose, etholakala ngobuningi ezitshalweni eziluhlaza nasezintweni eziphilayo zasolwandle. Yimpahla ye-polymer yemvelo esatshalaliswa kakhulu futhi enkulu kunazo zonke emvelweni. Ine-biocompatibility enhle, evuselelekayo kanye ne-Biodegradable kanye nezinye izinzuzo. Nge-photosynthesis, izitshalo zingahlanganisa amakhulu ezigidi zamathani e-cellulose minyaka yonke.

Amathemba Okusebenzisa I-Cellulose

I-cellulose yendabuko isetshenziswe kabanzi ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zomzimba namakhemikhali, kuyilapho i-cellulose ye-polymer yemvelo yemvelo inezindawo zokusebenza ezihlukene ngemva kokucubungula nokuguqulwa, okungahlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukene zezimboni ezihlukahlukene. Ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo kwezinto ezisebenzayo ze-cellulose sekuphenduke izitayela zezeNtuthuko zemvelo kanye nezindawo ezishisayo zokucwaninga zezinto ze-polymer.

Okuphuma ku-cellulose kukhiqizwa nge-esterification noma i-etherification yamaqembu e-hydroxyl kuma-polymers e-cellulose anamakhemikhali amakhemikhali. Ngokwezici zesakhiwo semikhiqizo yokusabela, okuphuma ku-cellulose kungahlukaniswa izigaba ezintathu: ama-cellulose ethers, ama-cellulose ester, nama-ester cellulose ether.

1. I-cellulose ether

I-Cellulose ether yitemu elivamile lochungechunge lokuphuma kwe-cellulose elakhiwe ukusabela kwe-alkali cellulose kanye ne-ejenti e-etherifying ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. I-Cellulose ether iwuhlobo lokuphuma kwe-cellulose enezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, izinkambu ezibanzi zokusetshenziswa, umthamo omkhulu wokukhiqiza kanye nenani eliphakeme locwaningo. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuhilela imikhakha eminingi efana nezimboni, ezolimo, imboni yamakhemikhali yansuku zonke, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, i-aerospace kanye nokuvikela izwe.

Ama-cellulose ether asetshenziswa ngempela kwezentengiso yilawa: i-methyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl cellulose, i-ethyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, i-cyanoethyl cellulose, i-hydroxypropyl cellulose ne-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Cellulose njll.

2. Cellulose esters

I-Cellulose esters isetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezokuvikela kazwelonke, imboni yamakhemikhali, i-biology, imithi, ukwakhiwa kanye ne-aerospace.

Ama-cellulose esters asetshenziswa ngempela kwezentengiso yilawa: i-cellulose nitrate, i-cellulose acetate, i-cellulose acetate butyrate ne-cellulose xanthate.
3. I-cellulose ether ester

I-Cellulose ether esters iwukuphuma okuxubile kwe-ester-ether.

Inkambu yohlelo lokusebenza

1. Inkundla yezemithi

I-cellulose ether kanye ne-ester derivatives isetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokwelapha ukuqina, i-excipient, ukukhululwa okuqhubekayo, ukukhululwa okulawulwayo, ukwakhiwa kwefilimu nezinye izinjongo.

2. Inkambu yokugqoka

I-Cellulose esters idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kokumboza. Ama-cellulose esters asetshenziswa kuma-binders, ama-resin aguquliwe noma izinto zangaphambi kwefilimu ukuze kuhlinzekwe izimbotshana ezinezakhiwo eziningi ezinhle kakhulu.

3. Inkambu yobuchwepheshe be-Membrane

I-Cellulose nezinto eziphuma kokunye zinezinzuzo zokukhipha okukhulu, ukusebenza okuzinzile, nokugaywa kabusha. Ngokuzihlanganisa ungqimba-by-layer, indlela yokuguqula isigaba, ubuchwepheshe be-electrospinning nezinye izindlela, izinto zokwakha ze-membrane ezinomsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wokuhlukanisa zingalungiswa. Emkhakheni wobuchwepheshe be-membrane esetshenziswa kabanzi.

4. Inkambu yokwakha

Ama-cellulose ethers anamandla ejeli aphezulu abuyiseleka emuva ngokushisa futhi awusizo njengezithasiselo ezingxenyeni zokwakha, njengezithasiselo ezinamathela kusimende ezisekelwe kusimende.

5. I-Aerospace, izimoto ezintsha zamandla kanye nezisetshenziswa zikagesi ezisezingeni eliphezulu

Izinto ze-optoelectronic ezisekelwe ku-cellulose zingasetshenziswa ku-aerospace, ezimotweni zamandla amasha kanye namadivayisi kagesi asezingeni eliphezulu.

6. Eminye imikhakha

Izinkinga Nezixazululo ku-Cellulose Application

Njengamanje, i-cellulose isenawo amaphutha emvelo. Ngenxa yezici zesakhiwo sayo esihlanganisiwe, i-cellulose ayikwazi ukuncibilika futhi kunzima ukuyincibilika kuma-solvents avamile, okunciphisa kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-cellulose. Okufana nokungancibiliki kahle kumakhemikhali avamile, ukuntuleka kwe-thermoplasticity, i-hydrophilicity ephezulu kanye nokuntuleka kwezinto ezilwa namagciwane.

Ngakho-ke, ukuklama nokwakhiwa kwezinto ezintsha ezitholakala ku-cellulose kuyisisekelo sokusebenzisa kahle i-cellulose, futhi ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuchithwa kwe-cellulose obuhlanzekile futhi obuphumelelayo kuyindlela ebalulekile nesiqiniseko sokusetshenziswa kahle kwe-cellulose.