I-Thickener iyisengezo esivamile nesisetshenziswa kakhulu esisekelwe emanzini embotsheni esekwe emanzini. Ngemuva kokwengeza i-thickener, ingakhuphula i-viscosity yesistimu yokumboza, ngaleyo ndlela ivimbele izinto eziminyene ekugqokeni ukuthi zingahlali. Ngeke kube khona into ehlehlayo ngenxa ye-viscosity kapende ukuthi mncane kakhulu. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemikhiqizo ye-thickener, futhi izinhlobo ezahlukene zemikhiqizo zinezimiso ezihlukene zokuqina zezinhlelo ezahlukene zokumboza. Cishe kunezinhlobo ezine zama-thickeners ajwayelekile: ama-polyurethane thickeners, ama-acrylic thickeners, ama-inorganic thickeners nama-thickeners for cellulose thickeners.
1. Indlela yokuqina ye-associative polyurethane thickener
Izici zesakhiwo se-polyurethane associative thickeners yi-lipophilic, hydrophilic kanye ne-lipophilic tri-block polymers, namaqembu okuphela kwe-lipophilic emikhawulweni yomibili, ngokuvamile amaqembu e-aliphatic hydrocarbon, kanye nengxenye ye-polyethylene glycol encibilika emanzini phakathi. Uma nje kunenani elanele le-thickener ohlelweni, isistimu izokwakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi jikelele.
Ohlelweni lwamanzi, lapho ukugxila kwe-thickener kukhulu kunokugxilwa kwe-micelle ebalulekile, amaqembu okuphela kwe-lipophilic ahlotshaniswa nokwenza ama-micelles, futhi i-thickener yakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi ngokuhlangana kwama-micelles ukwandisa i-viscosity yesistimu.
Kuhlelo lwe-latex, i-thickener ayikwazi nje ukwakha inhlangano ngokusebenzisa i-lipophilic terminal group micelles, kodwa okubaluleke nakakhulu, iqembu le-lipophilic terminal le-thickener likhangisiwe ebusweni bezinhlayiya ze-latex. Lapho amaqembu amabili okuphela kwe-lipophilic akhangisiwe ezinhlayiyeni ezihlukene ze-latex, ama-molecule aminyene enza amabhuloho phakathi kwezinhlayiya.
2. Ukuqina indlela ye-polyacrylic acid alkali ukuvuvukala thickener
I-Polyacrylic acid alkali swelling thickener iyi-emulsion ye-copolymer exhumene nesiphambano, i-copolymer ikhona ngesimo se-asidi nezinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu, ukubukeka kumhlophe qhwa, i-viscosity iphansi ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi inokuqina okuhle ocansini oluphansi lwe-pH, futhi ayincibiliki. emanzini. Uma i-alkaline ejenti yengezwa, ishintsha ibe ukuhlakazeka okucacile nokuvuvukele kakhulu.
Ukuqina komphumela we-polyacrylic acid alkali ukuvuvukala thickener ikhiqizwa ngokwenza neutralizing iqembu le-carboxylic acid nge-hydroxide; lapho i-ejenti ye-alkali yengezwa, iqembu le-carboxylic acid elingenziwanga kalula i-ionized liguqulwa ngokushesha libe i-ionized ammonium carboxylate noma insimbi Efomini likasawoti, i-electrostatic repulsion effect yenziwa eduze kwesikhungo se-anion yeketango le-copolymer macromolecular, ukuze isiphambano. -i-copolymer macromolecular chain exhunywe iyanda futhi inweba ngokushesha. Njengomphumela wokuhlakazeka kwendawo kanye nokuvuvukala, inhlayiya yokuqala iphindaphindeka izikhathi eziningi futhi i-viscosity yanda kakhulu. Njengoba i-crosslinks ayikwazi ukuchithwa, i-copolymer efomini likasawoti ingabhekwa njenge-copolymer dispersion enezinhlayiya ezikhuliswe kakhulu.
Ama-polyacrylic acid thickeners anomphumela omuhle wokujiya, isivinini sokuqina, kanye nokuzinza okuhle kwebhayoloji, kodwa azwela ku-pH, ukumelana namanzi okungekuhle, kanye nokucwebezela okuphansi.
3. Ukuqina kwendlela yokuqina kwe-inorganic
I-Inorganic thickeners ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa i-bentonite eguquliwe, i-attapulgite, njll. Ama-thickeners we-Inorganic anezinzuzo zokujiya okuqinile, i-thixotropy enhle, ububanzi be-pH, nokuzinza okuhle. Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-bentonite iyimpushana ye-inorganic ene-absorption enhle yokukhanya, inganciphisa kakhulu i-gloss engaphezulu yefilimu yokugqoka futhi yenze njenge-agent matting. Ngakho-ke, uma usebenzisa i-bentonite kupende ocwebezelayo we-latex, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekulawuleni umthamo. I-Nanotechnology ibone i-nanoscale yezinhlayiya ze-inorganic, futhi yanikeza ama-thickeners we-inorganic ngezinto ezintsha.
Indlela yokuqina yama-thickeners we-inorganic iyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokuvamile kukholakala ukuthi ukwenyanya phakathi kwamacala angaphakathi kwandisa i-viscosity kapende. Ngenxa yokungalingani kahle kwayo, kuthinta ukucwebezela nokungafihli kwefilimu kapende. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa i-Primer noma upende wokwakha ophezulu.
4. Ukuqina kwendlela ye-cellulose thickener
Ama-cellulose thickeners anomlando omude wokuthuthuka futhi nawo asetshenziswa kabanzi. Ngokwesakhiwo sabo samangqamuzana, ahlukaniswe abe i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, i-hydroxypropyl cellulose, i-hydroxymethyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl cellulose, njll., esetshenziswa kakhulu i-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC).
Indlela yokuqina ye-cellulose thickener iwukusebenzisa iketango eliyinhloko le-hydrophobic esakhiweni salo ukwenza izibopho ze-hydrogen ngamanzi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo uxhumane namanye amaqembu amhlophe esakhiweni sawo ukwakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi esinezinhlangothi ezintathu nokwandisa ivolumu ye-rheological. kwe-polymer. , khawula indawo yokunyakaza yamahhala ye-polymer, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise i-viscosity yokugqoka. Lapho amandla e-shear esetshenziswa, isakhiwo senethiwekhi esinezinhlangothi ezintathu siyabhujiswa, izibopho ze-hydrogen phakathi kwama-molecule ziyanyamalala, futhi i-viscosity iyancipha. Lapho amandla e-shear esuswa, izibopho ze-hydrogen zenziwa kabusha, futhi isakhiwo senethiwekhi ye-three-dimensional siphinde simiswe, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukumboza kungaba nezakhiwo ezinhle. izakhiwo ze-rheological.
Ama-Cellulosic thickeners acebile ngamaqembu e-hydroxyl kanye nezingxenye ze-hydrophobic esakhiweni sawo. Ziyakwazi ukuqina okuphezulu futhi azizwelani ne-pH. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokungazweli kahle kwamanzi futhi kuthinta ukulinganiswa kwefilimu kapende, kulula Ukuthintwa ukuwohloka kwe-microbial kanye nokunye ukushiyeka, ama-cellulose thickeners empeleni asetshenziselwa ngokuyinhloko ukuqinisa amapende e-latex.
Enqubweni yokulungiselela ukumboza, ukukhethwa kwe-thickener kufanele kubhekisise izici eziningi, njengokuhambisana nesistimu, i-viscosity, ukuzinza kwesitoreji, ukusebenza kokwakhiwa, izindleko nezinye izici. Ama-thickeners amaningi angahlanganiswa futhi asetshenziselwe ukunikeza umdlalo ogcwele izinzuzo ze-thickener ngayinye, futhi ulawule ngokunengqondo izindleko ngaphansi kwesimo sokusebenza okwanelisayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-02-2023