Usimende ungenye yezinto zokwakha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wokwakha, futhi ukusebenza kukasimende kuyisici esibalulekile esithinta umphumela wawo wokwakha, inqubo kanye nokusebenza kokugcina kwesakhiwo. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kukasimende, izixube ezihlukahlukene zivame ukungezwa kusimende. Phakathi kwazo,i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), njengengxube kasimende evame ukusetshenziswa, idlala indima ebalulekile.
(1) Izakhiwo eziyisisekelo ze-HPMC
I-HPMC (Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose)iyinhlanganisela ye-polymer encibilika emanzini esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni, ekubaleni, kwezemithi, ekudleni nakwezinye izimboni. Kusimende, i-HPMC ivamise ukusetshenziswa njenge-thickener, i-ejenti egcina amanzi kanye ne-rheology modifier ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugeleza kwe-slurry kasimende, ukubambezeleka kokumiswa kokuqala kukasimende nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kukasimende. Ngesakhiwo sayo esiyingqayizivele samangqamuzana, i-HPMC ingasebenzisana nama-molecule amanzi kanye nezinhlayiya eziqinile ku-slurry kasimende, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukusebenza kukasimende.
(2) Umthelela we-HPMC ekuqhubekeleni phambili kukasimende
Ukusebenza kukasimende kuhlanganisa izici eziningi, okubaluleke kakhulu kuzo uketshezi, ukudumba nokusebenza kodaka lukasimende ngesikhathi sokwakha. I-HPMC ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kukasimende ezicini eziningi.
1. Thuthukisa ukuguquguquka kodaka lukasimende
I-fluidity kasimende ibhekisela emandleni okunamathisela usimende ukugeleza ngokukhululekile ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa. I-Cement slurry ene-fluidity empofu izodala izinkinga ezifana nobunzima ekuxubeni nasekusetshenzisweni okungalingani ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa, okuzothinta ukusebenza kahle nomphumela wokwakha. I-HPMC inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokujiya futhi ingakhuphula ngempumelelo i-viscosity yesimende oludaka. Isakhiwo sayo se-molecular chain singasebenzisana nama-molecule amanzi kanye nezinhlayiya zikasimende ukuze kwakhiwe isakhiwo senethiwekhi ye-viscous kakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukugeleza kwe-slurry.
Ngokulungisa inani le-HPMC elingeziwe, i-fluidity ye-slurry kasimende ingalawulwa ngokuguquguqukayo, engakwazi nje ukuthuthukisa i-fluidity, kodwa futhi igweme ukuhlukaniswa kwe-slurry kanye nokuxazululwa okubangelwa ukugeleza ngokweqile. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwe-HPMC kungasiza ekutholeni udaka oluzinzile futhi olufanayo ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kukasimende, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yokwakha.
2. Libazisa isikhathi sokuqala sokumisa usimende
Isikhathi sokuqala sokumisa usimende sibhekisela esikhathini lapho usimende uqala ukuqina. Uma isikhathi sokuqala sokusetha sisifushane kakhulu, kuzokwenza ukuthi usimende kube nzima ukusebenza ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha futhi kuthinte ikhwalithi yokwakha; uma isikhathi sokusetha sokuqala siside kakhulu, kungabangela ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi kanye nokunciphisa amandla odaka lukasimende. Njenge-ejenti ejiya futhi egcina amanzi, i-HPMC ingabambezela inqubo yokufakwa kwe-hydration kasimende ngokuhlanganisa nomswakamo okwi-slurry kasimende, ngaleyo ndlela yelule ngempumelelo isikhathi sokuqala sokusetha. Ngokulawula inani le-HPMC elingeziwe, isikhathi sokuqala sokusetha se-slurry ye-cement singalungiswa ngokunembile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okwanele kwe-cement phakathi nenqubo yokwakha.
3. Ukwenza ngcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi kasimende
Usimende udinga ukugcina izinga elithile lomswakama phakathi nenqubo yokwakha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqhubeka kahle kokusabela kwayo kwe-hydration. Uma ukugcinwa kwamanzi kasimende kukubi, amanzi azohwamuka ngokushesha, okuholela ezinkingeni ezinjengokuqhekeka kanye namandla ancishisiwe okunamathisela usimende. Njengenhlanganisela ye-polymer, i-HPMC ingakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi esifana ne-"hydrogel" ku-slurry kasimende ukuze kulungiswe ngokuqinile amanzi odaka, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ngempumelelo ukugcinwa kwamanzi kasimende. Ngenkathi ukugcinwa kwamanzi kuthuthukisiwe, i-slurry ye-cement izinzile kakhulu ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa, ukunciphisa ukuvela kwe-cement shrinkage, imifantu kanye nezinye izinkinga.
4. Thuthukisa i-rheology yokunamathisela usimende
I-Rheology ibhekisela ezicini zezinto ezibonakalayo eziwohlokayo ngaphansi kwengcindezi, ngokuvamile ezibandakanya i-viscosity, i-fluidity, njll. Ku-slurries kasimende, izakhiwo ezinhle ze-rheological zisiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokwakhiwa kwama-slurries kasimende.I-HPMCishintsha izakhiwo ze-rheological ze-cement slurry ukuze i-slurry ibe ne-fluidity engcono kanye nokumelana nokugeleza okuphansi. Lokhu akusizi nje ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kanye nomphumela wokuhlanganisa usimende, kodwa futhi kusiza ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwemishini okubangelwa i-viscosity ngokweqile ye-slurry phakathi nenqubo yokwakha.
5. Thuthukisa ukumelana nokuqhekeka kukasimende
Ukwengezwa kwe-HPMC kungathuthukisa amandla okubopha kanye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kukasimende. Ngemva kokuba udaka lukasimende luqina, isakhiwo esine-fibrous esakhiwe yi-HPMC singadambisa imifantu ebangelwa izici ezifana nokushwabana okomisa kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kusimende ngezinga elithile, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokuqhekeka kukasimende. Ikakhulukazi lapho kwakhiwa ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana nokushisa okuphezulu nomswakama ophezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-HPMC kunganciphisa kakhulu ukuvela kwemifantu, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yonke yesakhiwo.
(3) Izibonelo zokusetshenziswa kwe-HPMC kusimende
Udaka olomile: I-HPMC isetshenziswa kakhulu odakeni olomile. Ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kodaka, ikhulise ukugcinwa kwamanzi futhi ibambezele isikhathi sokuqala sokusetha. Ezimpahleni zokwakha ezifana nokunameka odongeni lwangaphandle, izinto zokunamathisela zamathayela, nodaka lokuplasta, inani le-HPMC elingeziwe livamise ukuba phakathi kuka-0.1% no-0.3%. Ingaqinisekisa ukuthi udaka akulula ukoma ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa futhi luqinisekisa ukwakhiwa okubushelelezi.
Usimende ozilinganisa ngokwawo: Usimende ozilinganisayo uyimpahla kasimende ene-fluidity enhle kakhulu kanye nezakhiwo zokugcwalisa. Isetshenziswa kaningi ekwenzeni izinga lomhlabathi, ukulungisa kanye namanye amaphrojekthi. Njenge-ejenti yokuqina kanye ne-ejenti yokugcina amanzi, i-HPMC ingathuthukisa i-rheology ye-self-leveling usimende, okwenza kube lula ukusebenza kanye nomfaniswano owengeziwe ngesikhathi sokwakha.
Ukulungisa usimende: Phakathi kwezinto zokulungisa usimende, i-HPMC ingathuthukisa ukunamathela nokuzinza kwezinto, ivimbele izinto ukuthi zome ngokushesha futhi yandise ukusebenza kwezinto zokulungisa.
Njengengxube kasimende ebalulekile, i-HPMC ithuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kukasimende futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokwakhiwa kanye nekhwalithi yephrojekthi ngokusebenzisa imisebenzi eminingi njengokujiya, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, kanye nokubambezeleka kokusetha. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo ekunamathisele usimende akugcini nje ukuthuthukisa uketshezi futhi kwandise isikhathi sokusetha sokuqala, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukumelana nokuqhekeka kanye nezakhiwo ze-rheological. Njengoba imboni yezokwakha iqhubeka nokuthuthukisa izidingo zayo zekhwalithi nokusebenza kahle, i-HPMC, njengesengezo esinomnotho nemvelo, izosetshenziswa kabanzi kusimende nezinye izinto zokwakha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-08-2024