I-Synthesis kanye ne-Rheological Properties ye-Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Ether

Ebukhoneni be-alkali catalyst eyenziwe ngokwayo, i-industrial hydroxyethyl i-cellulose yaphendulwa nge-N-(2,3-epoxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (GTA) cationization reagent ukuze kulungiswe izinga eliphezulu le-quaternary ammonium ngendlela eyomile Uhlobo lukasawoti i-Hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (I-HEC). Imiphumela yesilinganiso se-GTA ne-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), isilinganiso se-NaOH kuya ku-HEC, izinga lokushisa lokusabela, nesikhathi sokusabela ekusebenzeni kahle kokusabela kwaphenywa ngohlelo lokuhlola olufana nolunye, futhi izimo zenqubo elungiselelwe zatholwa nge-Monte. Carlo sekulingisa. Futhi ukusebenza kahle kokusabela kwe-cationic etherification reagent kufinyelela ku-95% ngokuqinisekiswa kokuhlolwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izakhiwo zayo ze-rheological zaxoxwa ngazo. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi ikhambi leI-HEC ibonise izici ze-non-Newtonian fluid, futhi i-viscosity yayo ebonakalayo yanda ngokunyuka kokuhlushwa kwesisombululo; endaweni ethile yesisombululo sikasawoti, i-viscosity ebonakalayo yeI-HEC yehla ngokunyuka kokugcwala kukasawoti okungeziwe. Ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esifanayo sokugunda, i-viscosity ebonakalayo yeI-HEC ohlelweni lwesixazululo lwe-CaCl2 luphakeme kunalolo lweI-HEC ohlelweni lwesixazululo se-NaCl.

Amagama angukhiye:IHydroxyethyli-cellulose ether; inqubo eyomile; izakhiwo ze-rheological

I-Cellulose inezici zemithombo ecebile, i-biodegradability, i-biocompatibility kanye nokuphuma kalula, futhi iyindawo yocwaningo emikhakheni eminingi. I-Cationic cellulose ingomunye wabameleli ababaluleke kakhulu bokuphuma kwe-cellulose. Phakathi kwama-polymers we-cationic wemikhiqizo yokuvikela umuntu ebhaliswe yi-CTFA ye-Fragrance Industry Association, ukusetshenziswa kwayo okokuqala. Ingasetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-hair conditioner conditioning additives, softeners, drilling shale hydration inhibitors kanye nama-anti-coagulation agents egazi kanye neminye imikhakha.

Njengamanje, indlela yokulungiselela i-quaternary ammonium cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose ether iyindlela yokuncibilikisa, edinga inani elikhulu lezincibilikisi eziphilayo ezibizayo, iyabiza, ayiphephile, futhi ingcolisa imvelo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela yokuncibilikisa, indlela eyomile inezinzuzo ezivelele zenqubo elula, ukusebenza kahle kokusabela okuphezulu, kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo okuncane. Kuleli phepha, i-cationic cellulose ether yahlanganiswa ngendlela eyomile futhi ukuziphatha kwayo kwe-rheological kwafundwa.

1. Ingxenye yokuhlola

1.1 Izinto zokwakha kanye nama-reagents

I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (umkhiqizo wezimboni we-HEC, idigri yayo yokushintsha yamangqamuzana i-DS ingu-1.8~2.0); i-cationization reagent N-(2,3-epoxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (GTA), elungiswe nge-epoxy chloride I-Propane ne-trimethylamine azenzela wona ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile; i-alkali catalyst eyenziwe ngokwakho; I-ethanol ne-glacial acetic acid ihlanzekile ngokuhlaziya; I-NaCl, i-KCl, i-CaCl2, ne-AlCl3 ama-reagents angenawo amakhemikhali.

1.2 Ukulungiswa kwe-quaternary ammonium cationic cellulose

Engeza u-5g we-hydroxyethyl cellulose kanye nenani elifanele le-alkali catalyst eyenziwe ekhaya kusilinda sensimbi eyicylindrical efakwe isivunguvungu, bese ushukumisa imizuzu engu-20 ekamelweni lokushisa; bese wengeza inani elithile le-GTA, qhubeka ushukumisa imizuzu engu-30 ekamelweni lokushisa, futhi usabele ezingeni lokushisa elithile kanye nesikhathi, kutholwe umkhiqizo oqinile ongahluziwe osekelwe phezu kwawo. Umkhiqizo ongahluziwe ucwiliswe kusixazululo se-ethanol esiqukethe inani elifanele le-acetic acid, ehlungiwe, igezwe, futhi yomiswe nge-vacuum ukuze kutholwe i-quaternary ammonium cationic cellulose eyimpuphu.

1.3 Ukunqunywa kwengxenye ye-nitrogen mass ye-quaternary ammonium cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose

Ingxenye enkulu ye-nitrogen kumasampuli yanqunywa indlela ye-Kjeldahl.

2. Idizayini yokuhlola nokwenza kahle kwenqubo yokuhlanganisa okomile

Indlela yokuklama efanayo yasetshenziswa ukuze kuklanywe ukuhlola, futhi imiphumela yesilinganiso se-GTA ne-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), isilinganiso se-NaOH kuya ku-HEC, izinga lokushisa lokusabela kanye nesikhathi sokusabela ekusebenzeni kahle kokusabela kwaphenywa.

3. Ucwaningo ngezakhiwo ze-rheological

3.1 Umthelela wokugxilisa ingqondo nesivinini sokujikeleza

Ukuthatha umphumela we-shear rate ku-viscosity ebonakalayo yeI-HEC ekugxilweni okuhlukene Ds=0.11 njengesibonelo, kungabonakala ukuthi njengoba izinga lokugunda likhuphuka kancane kancane lisuka ku-0.05 liye ku-0.5 s-1, i-viscosity ebonakalayoI-HEC isisombululo siyehla, ikakhulukazi ku-0.05 ~ 0.5s-1 i-viscosity ebonakalayo yehle kakhulu isuka ku-160MPa·s kuya ku-40MPa·s, ukugunda ukugunda, okubonisa ukuthiI-HEC isixazululo samanzi sibonise izakhiwo ezingezona ze-Newtonian rheological. Umphumela wokucindezeleka kwe-shear osetshenzisiwe ukunciphisa amandla okuxhumana phakathi kwezinhlayiya zesigaba esihlakazekile. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, amandla amakhulu, i-viscosity ebonakalayo inkulu.

Kungabonakala futhi kuma-viscosities abonakalayo we-3% no-4%I-HEC izixazululo ezinamanzi ukuthi ukugxila kwenqwaba ngokulandelana ngokulandelana ku-3% no-4% ngamanani ahlukene okugunda. I-viscosity ebonakalayo yesisombululo ibonisa ukuthi ikhono layo lokwandisa i-viscosity liyakhula ngokugxila. Isizathu siwukuthi njengoba ukugxila kukhula ohlelweni lwesixazululo, ukuxoshana phakathi kwama-molecule we-chain mainI-HEC futhi phakathi kwamaketanga amangqamuzana ayanda, futhi i-viscosity ebonakalayo iyanda.

3.2 Umthelela wokugxila okuhlukene kukasawoti owengeziwe

Ukuhlushwa kweI-HEC yalungiswa ku-3%, futhi umphumela wokwengeza usawoti i-NaCl ezindaweni ze-viscosity zesisombululo zaphenywa ngamanani ahlukene we-shear.

Kungabonakala emiphumeleni ukuthi i-viscosity ebonakalayo iyancipha ngokunyuka kokugxila kukasawoti okungeziwe, okubonisa i-polyelectrolyte phenomenon esobala. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingxenye ye-Na+ esixazululweni sikasawoti iboshelwe ku-anion ye-I-HEC iketango elisemaceleni. Ukugcwala okukhulu kwesixazululo sikasawoti, izinga lokungalungi noma ukuvikela i-polyion libe likhulu nge-counterion, kanye nokuncipha kwe-electrostatic repulsion, okuholela ekwehleni kokuminyana kokushaja kwe-polyion. , iketango le-polymer liyancipha futhi ligoqe, futhi ukugxila okubonakalayo kuncipha.

3.3 Umthelela wezinhlobonhlobo zikasawoti ezifakiwe

Ingabonakala ethonyeni likasawoti amabili ahlukene angeziwe, i-Nacl ne-CaCl2, ku-viscosity ebonakalayo yeI-HEC isisombululo sokuthi i-viscosity ebonakalayo iyancipha ngokungezwa kosawoti owengeziwe, futhi ngesilinganiso esifanayo sokugunda, i-viscosity ebonakalayo yeI-HEC isixazululo ohlelweni lwesisombululo se-CaCl2 I-viscosity ebonakalayo iphezulu kakhulu kunaleyo yeI-HEC isixazululo ohlelweni lwesixazululo se-NaCl. Isizathu siwukuthi usawoti we-calcium uyi-ion e-divalent, futhi kulula ukubopha ku-Cl- ye-polyelectrolyte side chain. Inhlanganisela yeqembu le-quaternary ammonium onI-HEC nge-Cl- iyancipha, futhi isivikelo sincane, futhi ukuminyana kwe-charge ye-polymer chain kuphezulu, okuholela ekutheni Ukuxoshwa kwe-electrostatic ku-polymer chain kukhudlwana, futhi iketango le-polymer linwetshiwe, ngakho-ke i-viscosity ebonakalayo iphakeme.

4. Isiphetho

Ukulungiswa okomile kwe-cationic cellulose ethathelwe indawo kakhulu kuyindlela ekahle yokulungiselela ngokusebenza okulula, ukusebenza kahle kokusabela okuphezulu, kanye nokungcola okuncane, futhi kungagwema ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu, ukungcoliswa kwemvelo, kanye nobuthi obubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwezinyibilikisi.

Isixazululo se-cationic cellulose ether siveza izici zoketshezi olungezona olwase-Newtonian futhi lunezici zokucwecwa kwe-shear; njengoba ukuhlushwa kwenqwaba yesixazululo kukhuphuka, i-viscosity yayo ebonakalayo iyanda; ekuhlanganiseni okuthile kwesixazululo sikasawoti,I-HEC i-viscosity ebonakalayo iyanda ngokukhula nokuncipha. Ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esifanayo sokugunda, i-viscosity ebonakalayo yeI-HEC ohlelweni lwesixazululo lwe-CaCl2 luphakeme kunalolo lweI-HEC ohlelweni lwesixazululo se-NaCl.