Ucwaningo nge-Pilot Test of Production ye-PVC Resin evela ku-Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-HPMC yasekhaya yethulwa, futhi indima eyinhloko ye-HPMC yasekhaya enqubweni yokukhiqiza ye-PVC kanye nomthelela wayo kukhwalithi ye-PVC resin yafundwa ekuhlolweni komshayeli. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi:①Ukusebenza kwe-HPMC yasekhaya kuhle kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kwe-PVC resin ekhiqizwayo kulingana nekhwalithi ye-PVC resin ekhiqizwa imikhiqizo ye-HPMC engenisiwe;②Uma i-HPMC yasekhaya isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-PVC, i-PVC ingathuthukiswa futhi icushwe kahle ngokulungisa uhlobo nenani le-HPMC Ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo ye-resin;③I-HPMC yasekhaya ilungele ukukhiqizwa kwama-resin ahlukahlukene e-PVC avulekile. Izinhlayiya ze-PVC resin ezikhiqizwayo zinefilimu encane nokukhanya okunamathela kugedlela;④Imikhiqizo yasekhaya ye-HPMC ingangena esikhundleni semikhiqizo ye-HPMC engenisiwe.

Amagama angukhiye:I-PVC; i-disperant; i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-HPMC ngekotini elicwengekile emazweni angaphandle kwaqala ngo-1960, futhi izwe lami laqala ukuthuthukisa i-HPMC ekuqaleni kuka-1970. Ngenxa yezingqinamba zemishini, ubuchwepheshe nezinye izici, ikhwalithi ayikwazanga ukuzinza, futhi ukubukeka kwakune-fibrous. Ngalesi sizathu, i-HPMC edingwa imboni ye-PVC resin, imboni yezemithi, izinto zokwakha ezisezingeni eliphezulu, izimonyo, insimbi, ukudla nezinye izimboni zonke zithembele ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi okuvela e-United States nase-Japan, kanti i-HPMC ingaphansi kokulawulwa kwamanye amazwe. . Ngo-1990, uMnyango Wemboni Yamakhemikhali wahlela amayunithi afanele ukubhekana nezinkinga ezibalulekile ngokuhlanganyela, futhi wakhiqiza imikhiqizo ehlangabezana nezidingo zekhwalithi yemboni ye-PVC, waqaphela ukwenziwa kwasendaweni kwe-HPMC. Eminyakeni yamuva, abakhiqizi be-HPMC abahle kakhulu basekhaya baye bawusungula ngokuqinile umqondo wokuthuthuka wokuqamba izinto ezintsha, ukuxhumanisa, okuluhlaza, ukuvuleka, nokwabelana, bagcizelela ekuthuthukisweni okuqhutshwa emisha, futhi bathola ngempumelelo ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu ngokuqamba okusha okuzimele, ukuthuthukiswa kwesayensi, kanye nokuguqulwa okusheshayo. wamandla amadala namasha e-kinetic. Ihlongozwe yi-China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation, i-GB/T 34263-2017 “Hydroxypropyl Methyl Fiber for Industrial Use”, eyaqokwa yi-China Chemical Standardization Technical Committee futhi yavunywa wuphiko lokubhala, yamenyezelwa ngo-2017, futhi ikhishwe ezweni lonke ngo-Ephreli 1, 2018. isetshenziswe ngokusemthethweni. Kusukela lapho, kunamazinga ezinkampani ze-PVC zokuthenga nokusebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-HPMC.

1. Izinga likakotini elicwengekile

30# ukotini ocolile usesimweni semicu emihle ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Ifayibha kakotini evuthiwe inamakhulu emicu eyisisekelo ecwebezelayo engxenyeni yayo ephambene, futhi imicu yesici esiyisisekelo ihlanganiswa ibe amakhulu emicu enqwabelene. Lezi zinqwaba ze-fibril I-fibril fiber Ifayibha kakotini ihlanganiswe ngendlela engafanele yaba izendlalelo eziqondile. Lokhu kuhambisana nokwakheka kwe-alkalized cellulose kanye nokufana kwedigri ye-etherification, futhi kulungele ukuthuthukisa ikhono lokugcina ingcina ye-HPMC ngesikhathi se-PVC polymerization.

30# ukotini ocolisisiwe usebenzisa ama-linter kakotini anokuvuthwa okuphezulu kanye ne-polymerization degree ephansi njengempahla eluhlaza, inqubo yokukhiqiza iyinkimbinkimbi, idinga ukuhlanzwa, futhi izindleko zokukhiqiza ziphezulu. I-1000# ukotini ocolisisiwe usebenzisa ama-linter kakotini anokuvuthwa okuphezulu kanye nezinga eliphezulu le-polymerization njengempahla eluhlaza, inqubo yokukhiqiza ayinzima, futhi izindleko zokukhiqiza ziphansi. Ngakho-ke, ukotini ocolisisiwe ongu-30# usetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ephezulu efana ne-PVC resin/umuthi/ukudla, kanti ukotini ocolisisiwe ongu-1000# usetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ibanga lezinto zokwakha noma ezinye izinkambu zokufaka isicelo.

2. Imvelo, imodeli kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza yemikhiqizo ye-HPMC

2.1 Izakhiwo zemikhiqizo ye-HPMC

I-HPMCiyimpushana engenabuthi, ayinaphunga, ayinambitheki emhlophe noma i-off-white fibrous noma impushana eyimpushana eyenziwe ngokotini wemvelo ocolisisiwe njengeyona nto eyinhloko eluhlaza. I-semi-synthetic, engasebenzi, i-viscoelastic polymer, inhlanganisela yohlobo lwe-non-ionic. Iziteketiso zesiShayina i-hydroxymethyl propyl cellulose, i-cellulose hydroxypropyl methyl ether, ne-hypromellose, kanye nefomula yamangqamuzana ithi [C6H7O2(OH)2COOR]n.

Iphuzu elincibilikayo le-HPMC lingama-225-230°C, ukuminyana kungu-1.26-1.31 g/cm³, isisindo samangqamuzana esihlobene singama-22,000, izinga lokushisa le-carbonization liyi-280-300°C, futhi ukungezwani kwendawo kungu-42-56 mN/m (2% isixazululo esinamanzi).

Izakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ze-HPMC ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa amaphuzu alandelayo.

(1) Inkomba yosayizi wezinhlayiyana: Inkomba yosayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-HPMC ye-PVC resin inezidingo eziphezulu. Izinga lokuphasa lingu-150μm lingaphezulu kuka-98.5%, kanti izinga lokuphasa lingu-187μm yi-100%. Isidingo esijwayelekile sokucaciswa okukhethekile siphakathi kuka-250 no-425μm.

(2) Ukuncibilika: kuncibilika kwezinye izincibilikisi ezifana namanzi notshwala, ukuncibilika emanzini futhi kunomsebenzi ongaphezulu. Ukucaca okuphezulu, ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesixazululo, ukucaciswa okuhlukile kwemikhiqizo kunamazinga okushisa ejeli ahlukene, izinguquko zokuncibilika nge-viscosity, i-viscosity ephansi, ukuncibilika okukhulu, ukucaciswa okuhlukile kwe-HPMC kunomehluko othile ekusebenzeni, futhi ukuncibilika emanzini akukhona. kuthintwa inani le-pH.

Ukuncibilika emanzini abandayo nasemanzini ashisayo kuhlukile. Imikhiqizo enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-methoxyl ayincibiliki emanzini ashisayo angaphezu kwama-85°C, imikhiqizo enokuqukethwe kwe-methoxyl emaphakathi ayincibiliki emanzini ashisayo angaphezu kuka-65°C, kanye nemikhiqizo enokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-methoxyl ayincibiliki emanzini ashisayo angaphezu kuka-65°C. Amanzi ashisayo angaphezu kwama-60°C. I-HPMC Evamile ayincibiliki kuzincibilikisi zemvelo ezifana ne-ethanol, i-ether, ne-chloroform, kodwa incibilika ku-10% kuya ku-80% wesisombululo se-ethanol esinamanzi noma ingxube ye-methanol ne-dichloromethane. I-HPMC ine-hygroscopicity ethile. Ngo-25°C/80%RH, ukumuncwa komswakamo olinganayo kungu-13%, futhi uzinzile kakhulu endaweni eyomile kanye nenani le-pH lika-3.0-11.0.

(3) I-HPMC inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokuncibilika emanzini abandayo kodwa engancibiliki emanzini ashisayo. Ukufaka i-HPMC emanzini abandayo nokuwashukumisa kungancibilika ngokuphelele futhi kuphenduke uketshezi olubonisa ngale. Eminye imikhiqizo yomkhiqizo empeleni ayincibiliki emanzini ashisayo angaphezu kwama-60°C, futhi ingavuvukala kuphela. Lesi sakhiwo singasetshenziselwa ukuwasha nokuhlanza, okunganciphisa izindleko, kunciphise ukungcola, futhi kwandise ukuphepha kokukhiqiza. Ngokuncipha kokuqukethwe kwe-methoxyl, iphoyinti lejeli le-HPMC liyenyuka, ukunyibilika kwamanzi kwehla, nomsebenzi ongaphezulu nawo wehla.

(4) I-HPMC isetshenziswa njenge-stabilizer yokumiswa kanye ne-dispersant ku-polymerization ye-vinyl chloride ne-vinylidene. Ingasetshenziswa kanye ne-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) noma ngokuzimela, futhi ingalawula ukwakheka kwezinhlayiyana nokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlayiyana.

(5) I-HPMC futhi inokumelana okuqinile kwe-enzyme, izakhiwo zejeli ezishisayo (amanzi ashisayo angaphezu kwama-60°I-C ayincibiliki, kodwa ivuvukala kuphela), izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokwakha ifilimu, ukuzinza kwenani le-pH (3.0-11.0), Ukugcinwa kwamanzi nezinye izici eziningi.

Ngokusekelwe kulezi zici ezinhle kakhulu ezingenhla, i-HPMC isetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni yezimboni efana nezokwelapha, imboni ye-petrochemical, ukwakhiwa, izitsha zobumba, izindwangu, ukudla, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke, i-synthetic resin, i-coating kanye ne-electronics.

2.2 Imodeli yomkhiqizo we-HPMC

Isilinganiso sokuqukethwe kwe-methoxyl nokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl emikhiqizweni ye-HPMC kuhlukile, i-viscosity ihlukile, nokusebenza komkhiqizo kuhlukile.

2.3 Inqubo yokukhiqiza imikhiqizo ye-HPMC

I-HPMC isebenzisa i-cotton cellulose ecolisisiwe njengento eluhlaza eyinhloko, futhi yenza impushana kakotini ngokwelashwa kokuchotshozwa. Faka impushana kakotini embizeni ye-polymerization eqondile, uyihlakaze izikhathi ezingaba ngu-10 kune-solvent (i-toluene, isopropanol njengesixazululi esixutshwe), bese wengeza ngokulandelana i-Lye (i-caustic soda yezinga lokudla ichithwa emanzini ashisayo kuqala), i-propylene oxide, i-methyl chloride etherification ejenti, ukusabela kwe-etherification kwenziwa ezingeni lokushisa elithile kanye nengcindezi, futhi umkhiqizo wokusabela awuthathi hlangothi nge-asidi, insimbi isuswe, igezwe futhi yomiswe, futhi ekugcineni ithole i-HPMC.

3. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-HPMC ekukhiqizeni i-PVC

3.1 Umgomo wesenzo

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-HPMC njenge-disperant ekukhiqizeni izimboni ze-PVC kunqunywa isakhiwo sayo samangqamuzana. Kungabonwa esakhiweni samangqamuzana e-HPMC ukuthi ifomula yesakhiwo ye-HPMC inokubili iqembu elisebenzayo le-hydrophilic hydroxypropyl (-OCH-CHOHCH3) kanye neqembu elisebenzayo le-lipophilic methoxyl (-OCH,). Ku-vinyl chloride ukumiswa kwe-polymerization, i-disperant igxile kakhulu kungqimba lwesixhumi esibonakalayo se-monomer droplet-water phase, futhi ihlelwe ngendlela yokuthi ingxenye ye-hydrophilic ye-dispersant idlulele esigabeni samanzi, futhi ingxenye ye-lipophilic idlulele ku-monomer. ithonsi. Ku-HPMC, ingxenye ye-hydroxypropyl-based iyingxenye ye-hydrophilic, esakazwa kakhulu esigabeni samanzi; ingxenye ye-methoxy-based ingxenye ye-lipophilic, esatshalaliswa kakhulu esigabeni se-monomer. Inani lengxenye ye-lipophilic esatshalaliswa kusigaba se-monomer lithinta usayizi wezinhlayiyana eziyinhloko, izinga lokuhlanganisa, kanye nokuqina kwe-resin. Ukuphakama kokuqukethwe kwesigaba se-lipophilic, kunamandla umphumela wokuvikela ezinhlayiyeni eziyinhloko, ezincane izinga lokuhlanganisa izinhlayiya eziyinhloko, kanye ne-resin I-porosity ye-resin iyanda futhi ukuminyana okubonakalayo kuncipha; ukuphakama kokuqukethwe kwengxenye ye-hydrophilic, umphumela wokuvikela ubuthakathaka ezinhlayiyeni eziyinhloko, izinga elikhulu lokuhlanganisa izinhlayiya eziyinhloko, i-porosity ye-resin ephansi, futhi iyanda ukuminyana okubonakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela wokuvikela we-disperant unamandla kakhulu. Ngokukhula kwe-viscosity yesistimu yokusabela kwe-polymerization, ngezinga eliphakeme lokuguqulwa, ukubopha phakathi kwezinhlayiya ze-resin kujwayele ukwenzeka, okwenza ukwakheka kwezinhlayiyana kungavamile; umphumela wokuvikela we-dispersant ubuthakathaka kakhulu, futhi izinhlayiya eziyinhloko Kulula ukuhlanganisa esiteji sezinga eliphansi lokuguqulwa kwesigaba sokuqala se-polymerization, ngaleyo ndlela kwakha i-resin enezinhlayiyana ezingavamile.

Kuye kwafakazelwa ngokwenza ukuthi ukwengeza i-HPMC nezinye izisabalalisi ekumisweni kwe-polymerization ye-vinyl chloride kunganciphisa ukungezwani phakathi kobuso phakathi kwe-vinyl chloride namanzi esigabeni sokuqala se-polymerization. Ukuhlakazeka okuzinzile endaweni yamanzi, lo mphumela ubizwa ngokuthi ikhono lokusabalalisa le-disperant; ngakolunye uhlangothi, iqembu elisebenzayo le-lipophilic le-dispersant adsorbed ebusweni be-vinyl chloride droplet lakha ungqimba oluvikelayo ukuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwe-vinyl chloride droplet. I-droplet idlala indima yokuqinisa nokuvikela, okubizwa ngokuthi ikhono lokugcinwa kwe-colloid le-dispersant. Okusho ukuthi, ohlelweni lokumiswa kwe-polymerization, i-dispersant idlala indima emibili yokusabalalisa nokuvikela ukuzinza kwe-colloidal.

3.2 Ukuhlaziywa kokusebenza kwesicelo

I-PVC resin iyimpushana eqinile. Izici zayo zezinhlayiyana (okuhlanganisa ukuma kwayo kwezinhlayiyana, usayizi wezinhlayiyana nokusabalalisa, i-microstructure kanye nosayizi we-pore nokusabalalisa, njll.) kuthinta kakhulu ukusebenza kokucubungula kwamapulasitiki nokusebenza komkhiqizo, futhi kunqume i-PVC. Kunezici ezimbili ezinethonya elikhulu ezicini zezinhlayiya ze-resin:①Ukunyakaziswa kwethangi le-polymerization, okokusebenza kulinganiselwe, futhi izici ezishukumisayo azishintshile;②Uhlelo oluhlakazekayo lwe-monomer enqubweni ye-polymerization, okungukuthi, indlela yokukhetha uhlobo, ibanga kanye ne-Dosage kuwukuguquguquka okubucayi kakhulu okulawula izakhiwo ze-PVC resin pellets.

Kusuka kumshini we-resin granulation kunqubo yokumiswa kwe-polymerization, kuyaziwa ukuthi ukwengeza isihlakazeki ngaphambi kokusabela kusebenzela ikakhulukazi ukusimamisa amaconsi kawoyela we-monomer akhiwe ngokunyakazisa nokuvimbela ukuhlangana kwe-polymerization nokuhlanganiswa kwamaconsi kawoyela. Ngakho-ke, umphumela wokuhlakazeka we-disperant uzothinta izakhiwo eziyinhloko ze-polymer resin.

Ikhono lokugcina i-colloid le-disperant linobudlelwano obuhle ne-viscosity noma isisindo samangqamuzana. Lapho i-viscosity yesisombululo esinamanzi iba nkulu, isisindo samangqamuzana siyakhuphuka, futhi amandla efilimu evikelayo akhangiswe kusixhumi esibonakalayo sesigaba samanzi se-vinyl chloride, akulula ukugqashuka kwefilimu nokugwadla okusanhlamvu.

Isixazululo esinamanzi se-disperant sinomsebenzi ohlangene, kuncane ukungezwani kwendawo, ukuphakama komsebenzi ongaphezulu, ukwakheka kwamaconsi kawoyela we-monomer, kuncane ukuminyana okubonakalayo kwezinhlayiya ze-resin ezitholiwe, kanye nokuxega kanye nezimbotshana eziningi.

Kuye kwaqinisekiswa ngocwaningo lokuhlola ukuthi ukungezwani kobuso be-HPMC kuncane kakhulu ezixazululweni ze-aqueous dispersant ze-gelatin, i-PVA, ne-HPMC endaweni efanayo, okungukuthi, ukungezwani okuncane kwendawo, kuya phezulu umsebenzi we-HPMC i-vinyl chloride suspension polymerization system, ekhombisa ukuthi Inamandla okuhlakazeka kwe-HPMC dispersant. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezisabalalisi ze-PVA ze-viscosity ezimaphakathi neziphezulu, isilinganiso sesisindo semolekyuli esilinganiselwe se-HPMC (cishe i-22 000) sincane kakhulu kunaleso se-PVA (cishe 150 000), okungukuthi, ukusebenza kokugcina okunamathelayo kwama-disperants e-HPMC akulungile njengalokho. kwe-PVA.

Ukuhlaziywa okungenhla kwethiyori kanye nokusebenzayo kubonisa ukuthi i-HPMC ingasetshenziswa ukukhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukene zamarensi e-PVC amisiwe. Uma iqhathaniswa ne-PVA enezinga le-alcoholsis lika-80%, inamandla okugcina iglue abuthakathaka kanye nekhono elinamandla lokuhlakazeka;.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-PVA engu-5%, amandla okugcina iglue nekhono lokuhlakazeka kuyalingana. I-HPMC isetshenziswa njenge-disperant, futhi izinhlayiya ze-resin ezikhiqizwe yi-HPMC zinokuqukethwe “kwefilimu” okuncane, ukungajwayelekile kahle kwezinhlayiya ze-resin, usayizi wezinhlayiya ezicolekile, ukumuncwa okuphezulu kwama-plasticizer okucubungula i-resin, futhi empeleni akunamatheli kangako eketela, ngoba akuwona. -inobuthi futhi kulula Ikhiqiza ama-resin asezingeni lezokwelapha ngokucacile okuphezulu.

Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa okungenhla kwethiyori kanye nokusebenza okusebenzayo, i-HPMC kanye ne-PVA, njengama-dispersants ayinhloko we-polymerization yokumiswa, ingahlangabezana nezidingo zekhwalithi yemikhiqizo ye-resin, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zekhono lokugcinwa kwe-adhesive kanye nomsebenzi wokuhlanganisa ubuso ku-polymerization. ukukhiqiza. Ngenxa yokuthi lezi zibili zinezici zazo, ukuze kukhiqizwe imikhiqizo ye-resin ephezulu, abakhiqizi abaningi basebenzisa amasistimu ahlanganisiwe anamakhono ahlukene okugcina okunamathelayo kanye nemisebenzi ehlangene, okungukuthi, i-PVA kanye ne-HPMC composite dispersant systems, ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela wokufunda kumuntu ngamunye. okunye.

3.3 Ukuqhathaniswa kwekhwalithi ye-HPMC ekhaya naphesheya

Inqubo yokuhlola izinga lokushisa lejeli iwukulungisa isisombululo esinamanzi esinengxenye enkulu engu-0.15%, singeze eshubhu le-colorimetric, faka i-thermometer, kancane kancane sishise futhi ugovuze ngobumnene, lapho isixazululo sivela ijeli elimhlophe eline-milky liwumkhawulo ophansi. izinga lokushisa le-gel, qhubeka nokushisa futhi ugovuze, lapho isisombululo siphenduka ngokuphelele u-milky white umkhawulo ophezulu wezinga lokushisa le-gel.

3.4 Isimo samamodeli ahlukene e-HPMC ekhaya naphesheya ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu

Izithombe zezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-HPMC ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu zingabonakala:①I-E50 yangaphandle kanye ne-60YT50 HPMC yasekhaya kokubili kuletha isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu, isakhiwo se-molecular 60YT50HPMC yasekhaya ihlangene futhi iyunifomu, futhi ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana e-E50 yangaphandle kuyahlakazeka;②Isimo esihlanganisiwe se-60YT50 HPMC yasekhaya Isakhiwo singanciphisa ngokusobala ukungezwani phakathi kobuso phakathi kwe-vinyl chloride namanzi, futhi sisize i-vinyl chloride ukuthi ihlakazeke ngokufanayo futhi iqine endaweni yamanzi, okungukuthi, ngenxa yokuthi okuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl engu-60YT50 HPMC kuphakeme kancane, iyenza ibe yi-hydrophilic kakhulu, kuyilapho i-ES0 Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamaqembu e-methoxyl, ngokwethiyori, inokugcinwa kwenjoloba okuqinile;③ivimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwamaconsi e-vinyl chloride esigabeni sokuqala senqubo ye-polymerization;④kuvimbela ukuhlanganiswa kwezinhlayiya ze-polymer phakathi nezigaba zakamuva zenqubo ye-polymerization. Isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe sicwaninga ngokuyinhloko ukuhlelwa okuhlangene kwama-molecule e-cellulose (izifunda zecrystalline ne-amorphous, usayizi kanye nesimo seyunithi yeyunithi, indlela yokupakisha yamaketanga amangqamuzana kuyunithi yeyunithi, usayizi wamakristali, njll.), isakhiwo sokuma (orientation structure) iketango lamangqamuzana kanye Nokuqondisa kwama-microcrystals), njll., kuhambisana nokusabela okugcwele kokuxhunyelelwa ukotini ocolisisiwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwe-etherification, futhi athuthukisa ikhwalithi yangaphakathi nokuzinza kwe-HPMC.

3.5 Isimo sesixazululo se-HPMC samanzi ekhaya naphesheya

I-HPMC yasekhaya neyangaphandle yalungiswa yaba yisisombululo samanzi esingu-1%, kanti ukukhanya kwe-60YT50 HPMC yasekhaya kwaba ngu-93%, kanye ne-E50 HPMC yangaphandle kwaba ngu-94%, futhi wawungekho umehluko ekudluliseni ukukhanya phakathi kwalokhu kokubili.

Imikhiqizo yasekhaya neyangaphandle ye-HPMC yakhiwe yaba yisisombululo esinamanzi esingu-0.5%, futhi isixazululo ngemva kokuchithwa kwe-HPMC cellulose yabonwa. Kungabonakala ngeso lenyama ukuthi ukucaca kwakho kokubili kuhle kakhulu, kucacile futhi kusobala, futhi akukho inani elikhulu le-fiber engancibiliki, okubonisa ukuthi ikhwalithi ye-HPMC engenisiwe kanye ne-HPMC yasekhaya ingcono. Ukudluliswa kokukhanya okuphezulu kwesixazululo kubonisa ukuthi i-HPMC isabela ngokugcwele ohlelweni lwe-alkalization kanye ne-etherification, ngaphandle kwenani elikhulu lokungcola kanye nemicu engancibiliki. Okokuqala, ingabona kalula ikhwalithi ye-HPMC. Uketshezi olumhlophe namabhamuza omoya.

4. HPMC dispersant application pilot test

Ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kokuhlakazeka kwe-HPMC yasekhaya enqubweni yokwenza i-polymerization kanye nomthelela wayo kwikhwalithi ye-PVC resin, ithimba le-R&D le-Shandong Yiteng New Materials Co., Ltd. lisebenzise imikhiqizo ye-HPMC yasekhaya neyangaphandle njengezihlakazayo, kanye ne-HPMC yasekhaya. kanye ne-PVA engenisiwe njengama-dispersants. Ikhwalithi yama-resin alungiselelwe izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-HPMC njengama-dispersants e-China yahlolwa futhi yaqhathaniswa, futhi umphumela wokusetshenziswa kwe-HPMC ku-PVC resin yahlaziywa futhi kwaxoxwa ngayo.

4.1 Inqubo yokuhlola umshayeli

Ukusabela kwe-polymerization kwenziwa kuketela le-polymerization engu-6 m3. Ukuze kuqedwe ithonya lekhwalithi ye-monomer kukhwalithi ye-PVC resin, isitshalo somshayeli sasebenzisa indlela ye-calcium carbide ukukhiqiza i-vinyl chloride monomer, futhi okuqukethwe kwamanzi ku-monomer kwakungaphansi kwama-50.×10-6. Ngemuva kokuthi i-vacuum yeketela ye-polymerization ifanelekile, engeza i-vinyl chloride elinganisiwe namanzi angenayo i-ion kugedlela le-polymerization ngokulandelana, bese wengeza i-dispersant nezinye izithasiselo ezidingwa ifomula eketela ngesikhathi esifanayo ngemva kokukala. Ngemuva kokuvuselela ngaphambili imizuzu engu-15, amanzi ashisayo ku-90°U-C wethulwa ejazini, washiswa kumazinga okushisa e-polymerization ukuze aqale ukusabela kwe-polymerization, futhi amanzi abandayo angeniswa ejazini ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi izinga lokushisa lokuphendula lalilawulwa yi-DCS. Lapho ukucindezela kweketela le-polymerization kwehla ku-0.15 MPa, izinga lokuguqulwa kwe-polymerization lifinyelela ku-85% kuya ku-90%, lengeza isinqamuleli sokunqamula ukusabela, ukubuyisela i-vinyl chloride, ukuhlukanisa nokumisa ukuze kutholakale i-PVC resin.

4.2 Ukuhlolwa kwe-pilot kwe-60YT50 yasekhaya kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-resin ye-E50 HPMC yangaphandle

Kusukela kudatha yokuqhathanisa ikhwalithi ye-60YT50 yasekhaya kanye ne-E50 HPMC yangaphandle ukuze kukhiqizwe inhlaka ye-PVC, kungabonakala ukuthi ukumuncwa kwe-viscosity kanye ne-plasticizer ye-resin yasekhaya engu-60YT50 HPMC PVC kufana naleyo yemikhiqizo efanayo ye-HPMC yangaphandle, enento ephansi eguquguqukayo, ukuzimela okuhle. -ukwanela, Izinga elifanelekile liyi-100%, futhi kokubili kusondelene ngokwekhwalithi ye-resin. Okuqukethwe kwe-methoxyl kwe-E50 yangaphandle kungaphezulu kancane kwalokho kwe-60YT50 HPMC yasekhaya, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kokugcinwa kwerabha kunamandla. I-resin ye-PVC etholiwe ingcono kancane kunezisabalalisi ze-HPMC zasekhaya ngokuya ngokumuncwa kwe-plasticizer kanye nokuminyana okubonakalayo.

4.3 I-HPMC yasekhaya engu-60YT50 kanye ne-PVA engenisiwe esetshenziswa njenge-disperant ukukhiqiza ukuhlolwa komshayeli we-resin

4.3.1 Ikhwalithi ye-PVC resin ekhiqizwayo

I-PVC resin ikhiqizwa yi-domestic 60YT50 HPMC kanye ne-PVA dispersant engenisiwe. Idatha yokuqhathanisa ikhwalithi ingabonakala: kusetshenziswa ikhwalithi efanayo engu-60YT50HPMC kanye nesistimu yokusabalalisa ye-PVA engenisiwe ukuze kukhiqizwe inhlaka ye-PVC ngokulandelana, ngoba ngokweqiwa i-60YTS0 HPMC dispersant inekhono eliqinile lokuhlakazeka kanye nokusebenza okuhle kokugcinwa kweraba. Ayilungile njenge-PVA dispersion system. Ukuminyana okusobala kwe-PVC resin ekhiqizwe i-60YTS0 HPMC uhlelo lokuhlakazeka kuphansi kancane kunaleyo ye-PVA dispersant, ukumuncwa kwe-plasticizer kungcono, futhi isilinganiso sikasayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-resin sicolekile. Imiphumela yokuhlola ngokuyisisekelo ingabonisa izici ezihlukahlukene ze-60YT50 HPMC kanye nezinhlelo zokusabalalisa ze-PVA ezingenisiwe, futhi iphinde ibonise izinzuzo nezinkinga zokusabalalisi okubili okuvela ekusebenzeni kwe-PVC resin. Ngokuya nge-microstructure, ifilimu engaphezulu ye-HPMC dispersant resin Thin, i-resin kulula ukuyenza ipulasitiki ngesikhathi sokucubungula.

4.3.2 Isimo sefilimu yezinhlayiya zenhlaka ye-PVC ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu se-electron

Ukubuka i-microstructure yezinhlayiya ze-resin, izinhlayiya ze-resin ezikhiqizwa yi-HPMC dispersant zine-microscopic "ifilimu" encane encane kakhulu; izinhlayiya ze-resin ezikhiqizwe i-PVA dispersant zine-microscopic "ifilimu" ekhudlwana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubakhiqizi be-calcium carbide resin abanokuqukethwe okuphezulu kokungcola kwe-vinyl chloride monomer, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kwesistimu yefomula, kufanele bakhulise inani le-disperant, okuholela ekwandeni kokubeka phezulu kwezinhlayiya ze-resin. nokujiya “kwefilimu”. Ukusebenza kwe-downstream processing plasticizing akukuhle.

4.4 Ukuhlolwa kwe-pilot kwamabanga ahlukene e-HPMC ukukhiqiza inhlaka ye-PVC

4.4.1 Ikhwalithi ye-PVC resin ekhiqizwayo

Kusetshenziswa amamaki ahlukahlukene afuywayo e-HPMC (ene-viscosities ehlukene nokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl) njengesihlakazwa esisodwa, inani le-dispersant lingu-0.060% we-vinyl chloride monomer, kanye ne-suspension polymerization ye-vinyl chloride yenziwa ku-56.5° C ukuthola Usayizi wezinhlayiyana omaphakathi, ukuminyana okusobala, kanye nokumuncwa kwe-plasticizer ye-PVC resin.

Kungabonakala kulokhu ukuthi:①Uma kuqhathaniswa nesistimu yokuhlakazwa kwe-65YT50 HPMC, i-75YT100 ine-viscosity engu-65YT50 HPMC ngaphansi kuka-75YT100HPMC, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl nakho kungaphansi kuka-75YT100HPMC, kuyilapho okuqukethwe kwe-methoxyl kungaphezulu kuka-75YT10HP1. Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa kwethiyori kwama-dispersants, i-viscosity kanye ne-hydroxypropyl Ukwehla kokuqukethwe okuyisisekelo kuzoholela nakanjani ekwehleni kwekhono lokuhlakaza le-HPMC, futhi ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-methoxy kuzothuthukisa ukuthuthukiswa kwekhono lokugcina ingcina ye-adhesive, okungukuthi, i-65YT50 HPMC uhlelo lokuhlakazeka luzobangela usayizi wezinhlayiyana ezimaphakathi ze-PVC resin ukuthi zikhule (usayizi wezinhlayiyana ezimahhadla),Ukuminyana okubonakalayo kuyanda futhi ukumuncwa kwe-plasticizer kuyanda;②Uma kuqhathaniswa nesistimu yokusabalalisa engu-60YT50 HPMC, okuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl kwe-60YT50 HPMC kukhulu kunaleyo ye-65YT50 HPMC, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-methoxy kwakho kokubili kuseduze nangaphezulu. Ngokusho kwe-dispersant theory, ukuphakama kokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl, amandla okuhlakazeka kwe-dipersant, ngakho-ke ikhono lokuhlakaza le-60YT50 HPMC liyathuthukiswa; ngesikhathi esifanayo, okuqukethwe kwe-methoxyl okubili kuseduze futhi okuqukethwe kuphakeme, amandla okugcina iglue nawo anamandla, Ku-60YT50 HPMC kanye ne-65YT50 HPMC izinhlelo zokuhlakaza zekhwalithi efanayo, i-PVC resin ekhiqizwa ngu-60YT50HPMC kunokuhlakazeka kwe-65YT50 HPMC Isistimu kufanele ibe nesilinganiso esincane sosayizi wezinhlayiyana (usayizi wezinhlayiyana ezinhle) kanye nokuminyana okubonakalayo okuphansi, ngoba okuqukethwe kwe-methoxyl ohlelweni lokuhlakazeka kuseduze (ukugcinwa kwerabha ukusebenza), okuholela ekumunceni okufanayo kwe-plasticizer. Lesi futhi isizathu esenza ukuthi i-60YT50 HPMC ivamise ukusetshenziswa embonini ye-PVC resin lapho kukhethwa izisabalalisi eziyinhlanganisela ze-PVA ne-HPMC. Kunjalo, ukuthi i-65YT50 HPMC isetshenziswa ngokunengqondo yini kufomula yesistimu yokuhlakazeka eyinhlanganisela kufanele futhi kunqunywe ngokuya ngezinkomba ezithile zekhwalithi yeresin.

4.4.2 I-particle morphology yezinhlayiya zenhlaka ye-PVC ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu

I-particle morphology ye-PVC resin ekhiqizwe izinhlobo ezi-2 zama-60YT50 HPMC ezihlakazeka ezinokuqukethwe okuhlukile kwe-hydroxypropyl kanye ne-methoxyl ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu singabonakala: ngokwanda kwe-hydroxypropyl nokuqukethwe kwe-methoxyl, ikhono lokuhlakazeka le-HPMC, ukugcinwa Ikhono leglue liyathuthukiswa. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-60YT50 HPMC (8.7% hydroxypropyl mass fraction, 28.5% mass fraction ye-methoxyl), izinhlayiya ze-PVC resin ezikhiqizwayo zivamile, ngaphandle komsila, futhi izinhlayiya zikhululekile.

4.5 Umthelela womthamo we-60YT50 HPMC kwikhwalithi ye-PVC resin

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola kusebenzisa i-60YT50 HPMC njengesisabalalisi esisodwa esinengxenye enkulu yeqembu le-methoxyl lama-28.5% kanye nengxenye enkulu yeqembu le-hydroxypropyl elingu-8.5%. Isilinganiso sosayizi wezinhlayiyana, ukuminyana okusobala, kanye nokumuncwa kwe-plasticizer ye-PVC resin etholwe ngokwenza i-polymerization yokumiswa kwe-vinyl chloride ku-5.°C.

Kuyabonakala ukuthi njengoba inani le-disperant likhula, ukushuba kwesendlalelo esihlakazekayo esikhangiswe endaweni ye-droplet siyakhuphuka, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-disperant kanye namandla okugcina okunamathelayo we-disperant, okuholela ekwehleni kosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezimaphakathi ze-PVC. i-resin kanye nokuncipha kwendawo engaphezulu. Ukuminyana okubonakalayo kuyanda futhi ukumuncwa kwe-plasticizer kuncipha.

5 Isiphetho

(1) Ukusebenza kokufakwa kwe-PVC resin elungiselelwe kusuka kumikhiqizo yasekhaya ye-HPMC sekufinyelele izinga lemikhiqizo efanayo engenisiwe.

(2) Uma i-HPMC isetshenziswa njenge-dispersant eyodwa, ingaphinda ikhiqize imikhiqizo ye-PVC resin enezinkomba ezingcono.

(3) Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-PVA dispersant, i-HPMC ne-PVA dispersant, lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezithasiselo zisetshenziswa kuphela njenge-disperant ukukhiqiza inhlaka, futhi izinkomba ze-resin ezikhiqizwayo zinezinzuzo zazo kanye nokubi. I-HPMC dispersant inomsebenzi ophezulu ophezulu kanye nokusebenza okuqinile kwe-monomer kawoyela okuhlakazekayo. Inokusebenza okufanayo njenge-PVA 72 .5% ye-alcoholsis degree ukusebenza okufanayo.

(4) Ngaphansi kwezimo zekhwalithi efanayo, amamaki ahlukene e-HPMC anokuqukethwe okuhlukile kwe-methoxyl ne-hydroxypropyl, okunokusetshenziswa okuhlukile kokulungisa inkomba yekhwalithi ye-PVC resin. I-60YT50 HPMC dispersant inokusebenza okungcono kokuhlakazeka kune-65YT50 HPMC ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okuphezulu kwe-hydroxypropyl; 65YT50 HPMC Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-methoxy ye-dispersant, ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwerabha kunamandla kunalokho kwe-60YT50HPMC.

(5) Ngokuvamile ekukhiqizweni kwe-PVC resin, inani le-60YT50HPMC dispersant elisetshenzisiwe lihlukile, futhi ukulungiswa kwekhwalithi nokusebenza kwe-PVC resin nakho kunezinguquko ezisobala. Lapho umthamo we-60YT50 HPMC dispersant ukhuphuka, isilinganiso sikasayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-PVC resin siyehla, ukuminyana okusobala kuyanda, kanye nokwenza ipulasitiki. Izinga lokumunca le-ejenti liyancipha, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-PVA dispersant, i-HPMC isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo yochungechunge lwe-resin, ekhombisa ukunwebeka okukhulu nokuzinza kumapharamitha afana nohlobo lweketela le-polymerization, ivolumu, ukunyakazisa, njll. igedlela, futhi unciphise ifilimu ye-resin surface Ukuqina, inhlaka engenabuthi, ukuzinza okuphezulu kokushisa, kuthuthukisa ukucaca kwemikhiqizo yokucubungula i-resin eyehla nomfula, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-HPMC yasekhaya izosiza abakhiqizi be-PVC banciphise izindleko zokukhiqiza, bathuthukise ukuncintisana kwemakethe, futhi balethe okuhle. izinzuzo zezomnotho.