Ucwaningo ngokuguqulwa kwe-cellulose etherification kanye nokusetshenziswa kokunamathisela okuphrinta udayi osebenzayo

Selokhu kwavela odayi abasebenzayo ekhulwini leminyaka elidlule, i-sodium alginate (SA) ibe yisisekelo sokunyathelisa udayi ezindwangu zikakotini.

namathisela. Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwezidingo zabantu zomphumela wokuphrinta, i-sodium alginate njenge-printing paste ayimelani ne-asidi eqinile ne-alkali.

Futhi i-viscosity yesakhiwo incane, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwayo ekunyatheliseni kwesikrini esiyindilinga (flat) kunqunyelwe ngezinga elithile;

Intengo ye-sodium alginate nayo ikhuphuka, ngakho-ke abantu sebeqale ucwaningo ngezindlela ezihlukile, i-cellulose ether ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile.

umusa. Kodwa okwamanje impahla eluhlaza eyinhloko esetshenziselwa ukulungiswa kwe-cellulose ether ikotini, ukuphuma kwayo kuyehla, futhi intengo nayo iyanda.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-etherifying agents avame ukusetshenziswa njenge-chloroacetic acid (enobuthi kakhulu) ne-ethylene oxide (carcinogenic) nawo ayingozi kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu nasendaweni ezungezile.

Ngenxa yalokhu, kuleli phepha, i-cellulose ether yakhishwa emfucumfucwini yezitshalo, futhi i-sodium chloroacetate ne-2-chloroethanol yasetshenziswa njengama-etherifying agents ukuze kulungiswe i-carboxylate.

Izinhlobo ezintathu zemicu: i-methyl cellulose (CMC), i-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ne-hydroxyethyl carboxymethyl cellulose (HECMC)

ezintathui-cellulose etherskanye ne-SA yasetshenziswa ekunyatheliseni udayi wendwangu kakotini, futhi imiphumela yabo yokuphrinta yaqhathaniswa futhi yafundwa.

izithelo. Okuqukethwe kocwaningo okuyinhloko kwethisisi kuhlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu:

(1) Khipha i-cellulose emfucumfucwini yezitshalo. Ngokwelashwa kwemfucuza yezitshalo ezinhlanu (utshani berayisi, i-rice husk, i-wheat straw, sawdust kaphayini

kanye ne-bagasse) yokunquma nokuhlaziywa kwezingxenye (umswakama, umlotha, i-lignin, i-cellulose ne-hemicellulose), ekhethiwe

Izitshalo ezintathu ezimele (i-pine sawdust, utshani kakolweni kanye ne-bagasse) zisetshenziselwa ukukhipha i-cellulose, bese kukhishwa i-cellulose.

Inqubo yenziwe kahle; ngaphansi kwezimo zenqubo elungiselelwe, izigaba ze-pine cellulose, i-wheat straw cellulose kanye ne-bagasse cellulose zatholakala.

Ukuhlanzeka kungaphezu kuka-90%, futhi isivuno singaphezu kuka-40%; kungabonakala ekuhlaziyweni kwe-infrared spectrum kanye ne-ultraviolet absorption spectrum ukuthi ukungcola

I-lignin ne-hemicellulose isuswa ngokuyisisekelo, futhi i-cellulose etholiwe inokuhlanzeka okuphezulu; kungabonakala ekuhlaziyweni kwe-X-ray diffraction ukuthi iyafana nempahla eluhlaza yesitshalo.

Uma kuqhathaniswa, i-crystallinity ehlobene yomkhiqizo otholiwe ithuthukiswa kakhulu.

(2) Ukulungiswa nokuhlukaniswa kwezinhlamvu ze-cellulose ethers. Kusetshenziswa i-pine wood cellulose ekhishwe ku-pine sawdust njengempahla eluhlaza, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwesici esisodwa.

Inqubo egxilile ye-alkali decrystallization pretreatment ye-pine cellulose yenziwe kahle; futhi ngokuklama ukuhlolwa kwe-orthogonal kanye nokuhlolwa kwesici esisodwa, i

Izinqubo zokulungiselela i-CMC, i-HEC kanye ne-HECMC kusuka ku-pine wood alkali cellulose zathuthukiswa ngokulandelana;

I-CMC ene-DS kufika ku-1.237, HEC ene-MS kufika ku-1.657, kanye ne-HECMC ene-DS ka-0.869. Ngokokuhlaziya kwe-FTIR kanye ne-H-NMR, amaqembu e-ether ahambisanayo angeniswe emikhiqizweni emithathu ye-cellulose etherification;

Izinhlobo zekristalu ze-ethers ethafeni i-CMC, i-HEC ne-HEECMC zonke zashintsha zaba uhlobo lwe-cellulose II, futhi i-crystallinity yehla kakhulu.

(3) Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether paste. Izinhlobo ezintathu ze-cellulose ethers ezilungiselelwe ngaphansi kwezimo zenqubo ezifanele zazisetshenziselwa indwangu kakotini

Iphrintiwe ngodayi abasebenzayo futhi iqhathaniswa ne-sodium alginate. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi i-SA, CMC, HEC kanye ne-HECMC zine-causative

Ama-paste angama-pseudoplastic fluids, kanti i-pseudoplasticity yama-cellulose ether amathathu ingcono kunaleyo ye-SA; ukuhleleka kwezinga lokunamathisela lokunamathisela lokunamathisela okune

Yilokhu: SA > CMC > HECMC > HEC. Mayelana nomphumela wokuphrinta, i-CMC ebonakalayo isivuno sombala kanye nokungena, isandla sokuphrinta

Ukuzwela, ukushesha kombala wokuphrinta, njll. kufana ne-SA, futhi izinga lokulahla le-CMC lingcono kune-SA;

I-SA iyefana, kodwa i-HEC ebonakalayo yokukhiqiza umbala, ukuvuthwa nokushesha kokuhlikihla iphansi kune-SA; I-HECMC yokuphrinta umuzwa, ukugoba ukumelana

Ukushesha kombala ekuhlikihleni kuyefana ne-SA, futhi izinga lokususa ukunamathisela lingaphezulu kune-SA, kodwa isivuno esibonakalayo sombala kanye nokuzinza kwesitoreji se-HEECMC kungaphansi kune-SA.

Amagama angukhiye: imfucuza yezitshalo; i-cellulose; i-cellulose ether; ukuguqulwa kwe-etherification; ukuphrinta udayi osebenzayo;