Impahla eluhlaza ye-Cellulose Ether

Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-viscosity pulp ephezulu ye-cellulose ether yafundwa. Izici eziyinhloko ezithinta ukupheka nokugcoba ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwe-pulp ephezulu ye-viscosity kwaxoxwa ngakho. Ngokwezidingo zekhasimende, ngokuhlolwa kwesici esisodwa kanye nendlela yokuhlola ye-orthogonal, kuhlanganiswe namandla wemishini wangempela wenkampani, imingcele yenqubo yokukhiqiza ye-viscosity ephezulu.ukotini ocwengekilei-pulp impahla eluhlazange-cellulose ether zizimisele. Ukusebenzisa le nqubo yokukhiqiza, ubumhlophe be-viscosity ephezulucwengisisiweukotini pulp ekhiqizwa cellulose ether kuyinto≥85%, futhi viscosity kuyinto≥1800 mL/g.

Amagama angukhiye: high viscosity pulp for cellulose ether; inqubo yokukhiqiza; ukupheka; ukuhlanza

I-Cellulose iyinhlanganisela ye-polymer yemvelo eningi kakhulu futhi evuselelekayo emvelweni. Inemithombo eminingi ehlukahlukene, amanani aphansi, nobungane bemvelo. Uchungechunge lokuphuma kwe-cellulose lungatholwa ngokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali. I-Cellulose ether iyinhlanganisela ye-polymer lapho i-hydrogen eseqenjini le-hydroxyl kuyunithi ye-glucose ye-cellulose ithathelwa indawo iqembu le-hydrocarbon. Ngemuva kwe-etherification, i-cellulose iyancibilika emanzini, ixube isixazululo se-alkali kanye ne-organic solvent, futhi ine-thermoplasticity. I-China ingumkhiqizi omkhulu emhlabeni wonke kanye nomthengi we-cellulose ether, enesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esingaphezu kwama-20%. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-cellulose ethers asebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni, kusimende, ku-petroleum, ukudla, izindwangu, okokuhlanza, okokupenda, imithi, ukwenza amaphepha kanye nezingxenye ze-electronic nezinye izimboni.

Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo komkhakha wokuphuma kokunye okufana ne-cellulose ether, isidingo sezinto ezingavuthiwe zokukhiqizwa kwayo siyanda. Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose ether yi-cotton pulp, i-wood pulp, i-bamboo pulp, njll. Phakathi kwazo, ukotini ungumkhiqizo wemvelo onokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-cellulose emvelweni, futhi izwe lami liyizwe elikhulu elikhiqiza ukotini, ngakho-ke i-pulp kakotini impahla eluhlaza ekahle yokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose ether. Imishini ekhethekile yangaphandle eyethulwe ngokukhethekileyo nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza okukhethekile kwe-cellulose, yamukela ukupheka okuphansi kwe-alkali okunezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuluhlaza obuqhubekayo bokucwebezela, ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo ngokugcwele kwenqubo yokukhiqiza, ukunemba kokulawula inqubo sekufinyelele izinga eliphezulu lemboni efanayo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe. . Ngesicelo samakhasimende ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, inkampani yenze ucwaningo nocwaningo lwentuthuko ku-high-viscosity ukotini pulp we-cellulose ether, futhi amasampula amukelwe kahle ngamakhasimende.

1. Isivivinyo

1.1 Izinto ezisetshenziswayo

I-high viscosity pulp ye-cellulose ether idinga ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhanya okuphezulu, i-viscosity ephezulu kanye nothuli oluphansi. Ngenxa yezici ze-high-viscosity kakotini pulp ye-cellulose ether, okokuqala, ukulawula okuqinile kwenziwa ekukhethweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, nama-linters kakotini ngokuvuthwa okuphezulu, i-viscosity ephezulu, akukho-filament emithathu, nembewu kakotini ephansi. okuqukethwe kwe-hull kwakhethwa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa. Ngokusho kwama-linters kakotini angenhla Ngokwezidingo zezinkomba ezihlukahlukene, kunqunywa ukusebenzisa ama-cotton linters e-Xinjiang njengempahla eluhlaza yokukhiqiza i-high-viscosity pulp ye-cellulose ether. Izinkomba zekhwalithi ze-Xinjiang cashmere yilezi: i-viscosity≥2000 mL/g, ukuvuthwa≥70%, i-sulfuric acid engancibiliki≤6.0%, okuqukethwe komlotha≤1.7%.

1.2 Izinsimbi kanye nemithi

Imishini yokuhlola: PL-100 ibhodwe lokupheka elisebenza ngogesi (Chengyang Taisite Experimental Equipment Co., Ltd.), ithuluzi lokugeza lamanzi elingaguquki lokushisa (Longkou Electric Furnace Factory), PHSJ 3F ukunemba pH imitha (Shanghai Yidian Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.), I-capillary viscometer, i-WSB～2 imitha yobumhlophe (Jinan Sanquan Zhongshishi

Laboratory Instrument Co., Ltd.).

Izidakamizwa zokuhlola: NaOH, HCl, NaClO, H2O2, NaSiO3.

1.3 Umzila wokucubungula

Amalitha kakotini→ukupheka kwe-alkali→ukuwasha→i-pulping→i-bleaching (kuhlanganise nokwelashwa kwe-asidi)→ukwenza i-pulp→umkhiqizo oqediwe→ukuhlolwa kwenkomba

1.4 Okuqukethwe kokuhlola

Inqubo yokupheka isekelwe enqubweni yangempela yokukhiqiza, kusetshenziswa ukulungiswa kwezinto ezimanzi nezindlela zokupheka ezine-alkali. Mane uhlanze futhi ukhiphe ama-linter kakotini amaningi, engeza i-lye ebaliwe ngokwesilinganiso samanzi kanye nenani le-alkali esetshenzisiwe, hlanganisa ngokugcwele ama-linter kakotini ne-lye, uwafake ethangini lokupheka, bese upheka ngokwamazinga okushisa ahlukene okupheka kanye nezikhathi zokubamba. Yipheke. I-pulp ngemva kokupheka iyagezwa, ishaywe futhi ifakwe i-bleach ukuze isetshenziswe kamuva.

Inqubo yokuhlanza: amapharamitha afana nokugxiliswa kwe-pulp kanye nenani le-pH akhethwa ngokuqondile ngokwamandla wangempela wezinto zokusebenza kanye nezinqubo zokufiphalisa, kanye nemingcele efanelekile njengenani le-ejenti yokufiphalisa kuxoxwa ngayo ngokuhlolwa.

Ukuhlanza kuhlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: (1) Ukufiphala kwesiteji esivamile sangaphambi kokufakwa kwe-chlorination, lungisa ukugxila kwe-pulp ku-3%, engeza i-asidi ukuze ulawule inani le-pH le-pulp libe ngu-2.2-2.3, engeza inani elithile le-sodium hypochlorite ukuze i-bleach izinga lokushisa kwekamelo imizuzu engu-40. (2) I-hydrogen peroxide esigabeni sokuhlanza, lungisa ukugxila kwe-pulp ukuze kube u-8%, engeza i-sodium hydroxide ku-alkalinize slurry, engeza i-hydrogen peroxide futhi ukhiphe i-bleaching ngezinga lokushisa elithile (isigaba sokuhlanza i-hydrogen peroxide sengeza inani elithile le-sodium silicate eqinile). Izinga lokushisa elikhethekile lokushibilika, umthamo we-hydrogen peroxide kanye nesikhathi sokuhlanza kwahlolwa ngokuhlolwa. (3) Isigaba sokwelashwa kwe-Acid: lungisa ukugxiliswa kwe-pulp ku-6%, engeza izinsiza zokususa i-asidi ne-ion yensimbi yokwelashwa kwe-asidi, inqubo yalesi sigaba yenziwa ngokuya ngenqubo evamile yenkampani yokukhiqiza i-pulp ekhethekile yenkampani, futhi inqubo ethile iyakwenza. akudingekile ukuba kuphinde kuxoxwe ngakho ngokuhlolwa.

Phakathi nenqubo yokuhlola, isigaba ngasinye sokuhlanza silungisa ukugxiliswa kwe-pulp kanye ne-pH, sengeze ingxenye ethile ye-reagent yokuxubha, sixube i-pulp kanye ne-bleaching reagent ngokulinganayo esikhwameni sepulasitiki esivalwe nge-polyethylene, futhi sikubeke endaweni enezinga lokushisa elingashintshi lokugeza ukuze izinga lokushisa lingapheli. bleaching isikhathi esibekiwe. Inqubo yokwenza mhlophe Khipha udaka oluphakathi njalo nemizuzu eyi-10, uhlanganise futhi uyixove ngokulinganayo ukuze uqinisekise ukufana kokumhlophe. Ngemuva kwesigaba ngasinye sokukhipha i-bleaching, igezwa ngamanzi, bese idlulela esigabeni esilandelayo sokuxubha.

1.5 Ukuhlaziya nokutholwa kwe-slurry

I-GB/T8940.2-2002 kanye ne-GB/T7974-2002 zisetshenziselwe ukulungisa kanye nesilinganiso sobumhlophe bamasampula obumhlophe obudaka ngokulandelanayo; I-GB/T1548-2004 isetshenziselwe ukulinganisa i-viscosity ye-slurry.

2. Imiphumela kanye nengxoxo

2.1 Ukuhlaziya okuhlosiwe

Ngokwezidingo zamakhasimende, izinkomba zobuchwepheshe eziyinhloko ze-viscosity pulp ephezulu ye-cellulose ether yilezi: ubumhlophe.≥85%, viscosity≥1800 mL/g,α- i-cellulose≥90%, okuqukethwe komlotha≤0.1%, insimbi≤I-12 mg / kg njll. Ngokusho kwesipiliyoni seminyaka eminingi yenkampani ekukhiqizeni i-pulp ekhethekile kakotini, ngokulawula izimo ezifanele zokupheka, ukugeza kanye nezimo zokwelashwa kwe-asidi enkambweni yokugcoba,α-cellulose, umlotha, okuqukethwe kwensimbi nezinye izinkomba, kulula ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ekukhiqizeni kwangempela. Ngakho-ke, ubumhlophe kanye ne-viscosity kuthathwa njengokugxila kulokhu kuthuthukiswa kokuhlola.

2.2 Inqubo yokupheka

Inqubo yokupheka iwukucekela phansi udonga oluyisisekelo lwefiber nge-sodium hydroxide ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elithile lokupheka nokucindezela, ukuze ukungcola okungeyona i-cellulose okuncibilika emanzini kanye ne-alkali, amafutha kanye ne-wax kumalitha kakotini kuhlakazwe, futhi okuqukethwe kweα- i-cellulose iyanda. . Ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwamaketanga e-cellulose macromolecular ngesikhathi sokupheka, izinga le-polymerization liyancishiswa futhi i-viscosity iyancishiswa. Uma izinga lokupheka lilula kakhulu, i-pulp ngeke iphekwe kahle, i-bleaching elandelayo izoba mpofu, futhi izinga lomkhiqizo lizobe lingazinzile; uma i-degree yokupheka inzima kakhulu, amaketanga e-cellulose amangqamuzana azokhipha i-polymerize ngobudlova futhi i-viscosity izoba phansi kakhulu. Ngokucutshungulwa ngokuphelele izidingo zenkomba ye-bleachability kanye ne-viscosity ye-slurry, kunqunywa ukuthi i-viscosity ye-slurry ngemva kokupheka≥1900 mL/g, kanti ubumhlophe bunjalo≥55%.

Ngokwezici eziyinhloko ezithinta umphumela wokupheka: inani le-alkali elisetshenzisiwe, izinga lokushisa lokupheka, kanye nesikhathi sokubamba, indlela yokuhlola ye-orthogonal isetshenziselwa ukwenza ukuhlolwa ukuze kukhethwe izimo ezifanele zenqubo yokupheka.

Ngokusho kwedatha embi kakhulu yemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-orthogonal, umthelela wezinto ezintathu kumphumela wokupheka umi kanje: izinga lokushisa lokupheka > inani le-alkali > isikhathi sokubamba. Izinga lokushisa lokupheka kanye nenani le-alkali kunethonya elikhulu ku-viscosity kanye nomhlophe we-pulp kakotini. Ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa lokupheka kanye nenani le-alkali, ubumhlophe buvame ukwanda, kodwa i-viscosity ivame ukuncipha. Ukuze kukhiqizwe i-pulp ye-viscosity ephezulu, izimo zokupheka ezilinganiselwe kufanele zamukelwe ngangokunokwenzeka ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ubumhlophe. Ngakho-ke, ngokuhambisana nedatha yokuhlola, izinga lokushisa lokupheka lingu-115°C, kanti inani le-alkali elisetshenzisiwe lingu-9%. Umthelela wokubamba isikhathi phakathi kwezinto ezintathu ubuthakathaka uma kuqhathaniswa nowezinye izici ezimbili. Njengoba lokhu kupheka kusebenzisa indlela yokupheka ephansi ye-alkali kanye ne-low-temperature, ukuze kwandiswe ukufana kokupheka nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kokupheka kwe-viscosity, isikhathi sokubamba sikhethwa njengemizuzu engu-70. Ngakho-ke, inhlanganisela ye-A2B2C3 yanqunywa ukuthi ibe yinqubo yokupheka engcono kakhulu ye-high-viscosity pulp. Ngaphansi kwezimo zenqubo yokukhiqiza, ubumhlophe be-pulp yokugcina babungu-55.3%, futhi i-viscosity yayingu-1945 mL/g.

2.3 Inqubo yokuxubha

2.3.1 Inqubo yokugcotshwa kwangaphambi kwe-chlorine

Esigabeni sangaphambi kwe-chlorination, inani elincane kakhulu le-sodium hypochlorite yengezwe ku-pulp kakotini ukuze kuguqulwe i-lignin ku-pulp kakotini ibe yi-chlorinated lignin futhi incibilike. Ngemuva kokukhipha i-bleaching esigabeni sangaphambi kwe-chlorination, i-viscosity ye-slurry kufanele ilawulwe ukuze≥1850 mL/g, kanye nobumhlophe≥63%.

Inani le-sodium hypochlorite liyisici esiyinhloko esithinta umphumela wokufiphala kulesi sigaba. Ukuze kuhlolwe inani elifanele le-chlorine etholakalayo, indlela yokuhlola isici esisodwa yasetshenziswa ukwenza izivivinyo ezi-5 ezifanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngokungeza amanani ahlukene e-sodium hypochlorite ku-slurry, i-chlorine esebenzayo odaka Okuqukethwe kwe-chlorine kwakungu-0.01 g/L, 0.02 g/L, 0.03 g/L, 0.04 g/L, 0.05 g/L ngokulandelana. Ngemuva kokuhlanza, i-viscosity ne-BaiDu.

Kusukela ekushintsheni kobumhlophe be-cotton pulp kanye ne-viscosity nenani le-chlorine etholakalayo, kungatholakala ukuthi ngokwanda kwe-chlorine etholakalayo, ubumhlophe be-pulp kakotini bukhula kancane kancane, futhi i-viscosity iyancipha kancane kancane. Uma inani le-chlorine etholakalayo lingu-0.01g/L kanye no-0.02g/L, ubumhlophe be-pulp kakotini≤63%; uma inani le-chlorine etholakalayo lingu-0.05g/L, ukubukeka kwe-pulp kakotini≤1850mL/g, engahlangabezani nezidingo zangaphambi kokugcotshwa kwe-chlorine. Izidingo zesikhombi sokulawula ukufiphala kwengxenye. Uma inani le-chlorine etholakalayo lingu-0.03g/L kanye no-0.04g/L, izinkomba ngemva kokufiphala yi-viscosity 1885mL/g, ubumhlophe 63.5% kanye ne-viscosity 1854mL/g, ubumhlophe 64.8%. Ibanga lemithamo lihambisana nezidingo zezinkomba zokulawula ukumhlophe esigabeni sangaphambi kokugcotshwa kwe-chlorine, ngakho kunqunywa ngaphambilini ukuthi umthamo we-chlorine otholakala kulesi sigaba ngu-0.03-0.04g/L.

2.3.2 Ucwaningo lwenqubo yokwenziwa kwe-bleaching esigabeni se-hydrogen peroxide

I-hydrogen peroxide bleaching yisigaba esibaluleke kakhulu sokwenza umbala ube mhlophe enqubweni yokuhlanza ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubumhlophe. Ngemuva kwalesi sigaba, isigaba sokwelashwa kwe-asidi senziwa ukuze kuphothulwe inqubo yokuhlanza. Isiteji sokwelashwa kwe-asidi kanye nesiteji esilandelayo sokwenza iphepha nokwakheka asinawo umphumela ku-viscosity ye-pulp, futhi singakhuphula ubumhlophe okungenani ngo-2%. Ngakho-ke, ngokwezidingo zenkomba yokulawula ye-pulp yokugcina ye-viscosity ephezulu, izidingo zokulawula inkomba zesiteji sokuxubha i-hydrogen peroxide zinqunywa ukuthi zibe yi-viscosity.≥1800 mL/g kanye nobumhlophe≥83%.

Izici eziyinhloko ezithinta ukushiswa kwe-hydrogen peroxide inani le-hydrogen peroxide, izinga lokushisa elimhlophe, nesikhathi sokuhlanza. Ukuze kuzuzwe izidingo ezimhlophe kanye ne-viscosity ye-pulp ephezulu ye-viscous, izici ezintathu ezithinta umphumela wokufiphaza zahlaziywa ngendlela yokuhlola ye-orthogonal ukuze kutholwe imingcele yenqubo ye-hydrogen peroxide ebleaching efanele.

Ngokusebenzisa idatha yomehluko owedlulele wokuhlolwa kwe-orthogonal, kutholakala ukuthi umthelela wezici ezintathu kumphumela wokufiphaliswa yilokhu: izinga lokushisa elimhlophe > isilinganiso se-hydrogen peroxide > isikhathi sokufiphala. Izinga lokushisa elimhlophe kanye nenani le-hydrogen peroxide yizici eziyinhloko ezithinta umphumela wokufiphaza. Ngokukhula kancane kancane kwedatha yezici ezimbili zokushisa kwe-bleaching kanye nenani le-hydrogen peroxide, ubumhlophe be-pulp kakotini bukhula kancane kancane, futhi i-viscosity iyancipha kancane kancane. Uma kubhekwa izindleko zokukhiqiza, umthamo wemishini kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ngokuphelele, izinga lokushisa le-hydrogen peroxide bleaching linqunywa ukuthi libe ngu-80.°C, kanti umthamo we-hydrogen peroxide ngu-5%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwemiphumela yokuhlola, isikhathi sokushibilika kwe-hydrogen peroxide sinethonya elincane kumphumela wokufiphaza, futhi isikhathi se-bleaching sesigaba esisodwa se-hydrogen peroxide sikhethwa njengemizuzu engu-80.

Ngokwenqubo ekhethiwe ye-hydrogen peroxide esiteji sokufiphalisa, ilabhorethri yenze inani elikhulu lokuhlolwa kokuqinisekisa okuphindaphindiwe, futhi imiphumela yokuhlola ibonisa ukuthi imingcele yokuhlola ingahlangabezana nezidingo ezihlosiwe ezibekiwe.

3. Isiphetho

Ngokwezidingo zekhasimende, ngokuhlolwa kwesici esisodwa kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-orthogonal, kuhlanganiswe namandla angempela emishini yenkampani nezindleko zokukhiqiza, imingcele yenqubo yokukhiqiza ye-high-viscosity pulp ye-cellulose ether inqunywa kanje: (1) Inqubo yokupheka: sebenzisa 9 % ye-alkali, pheka Izinga lokushisa ngu-115°C, futhi isikhathi sokubamba imizuzu engama-70. (2) Inqubo yokuxubha: esigabeni sangaphambi kokugcotshwa kwe-chlorine, umthamo we-chlorine etholakalayo wokuxubha ngu-0.03-0.04 g/L; engxenyeni ye-hydrogen peroxide, izinga lokushisa elimhlophe lingama-80°C, isilinganiso se-hydrogen peroxide singama-5%, futhi isikhathi sokuhlanza imizuzu engama-80; Isigaba sokwelashwa kwe-Acid, ngokuya ngenqubo evamile yenkampani.

High viscosity pulp fori-cellulose etheriyi-pulp ekhethekile kakotini enesicelo esibanzi kanye nenani eliphakeme elingeziwe. Ngesisekelo senani elikhulu lokuhlola, inkampani yathuthukisa ngokuzimela inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-high-viscosity pulp ye-cellulose ether. Njengamanje, i-high-viscosity pulp ye-cellulose ether isiphenduke enye yezinhlobo eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza zenkampani ye-Kima Chemical, futhi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo iye yaqashelwa ngazwi linye futhi yanconywa amakhasimende ekhaya naphesheya.