Isingeniso: I-Cellulose ether (i-CelluloseEther) yenziwe nge-cellulose ngokusabela kwe-etherification ye-ejenti ye-etherification eyodwa noma eziningana kanye nokugaya okomile. Ngokwezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezihlukene zama-ether substituents, ama-cellulose ether angahlukaniswa abe ama-anionic, cationic kanye nama-nonionic ether. Ionic cellulose ethers ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa i-carboxymethyl cellulose ether (CMC); ama-non-ionic cellulose ether ikakhulukazi ahlanganisa i-methyl cellulose ether (MC), i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC) kanye ne-hydroxyethyl cellulose ether. I-chlorine ether (HC) nokunye. Ama-ether angewona ama-ionic ahlukaniswe abe ama-ether ancibilika emanzini kanye nama-ether ancibilika uwoyela, kanti ama-ether angancibiliki amanzi angewona ama-ionic asetshenziswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni yodaka. Ebukhoneni be-calcium ions, i-ionic cellulose ether ayizinzile, ngakho-ke ayivamisile ukusetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yodaka oluxutshwe okomile esebenzisa usimende, umcako we-slaked, njll. njengezinto zokuhlanganisa. I-Nonionic water-soluble cellulose ethers isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezinto zokwakha ngenxa yokuqina kwayo kokumiswa kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi.
Ngokusho kwama-etherification ahlukene asetshenziswa enqubweni ye-etherification, imikhiqizo ye-cellulose ether ihlanganisa i-methyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, i-cyanoethyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl cellulose, i-Ethyl cellulose, i-benzyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose phenyl cellulose.
Ama-cellulose ether asetshenziswa odakeni ngokuvamile ahlanganisa i-methyl cellulose ether (MC), i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), i-hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether (HEMC) kanye ne-hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (HEMC) Phakathi kwazo, i-HPMC ne-HEMC yizona ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.
1. Amakhemikhali e-cellulose ethers
I-cellulose ether ngayinye inesakhiwo esiyisisekelo se-cellulose—isakhiwo se-anhydroglucose. Enqubweni yokukhiqiza i-cellulose ether, i-cellulose fiber iqala ukushiswa ngesisombululo se-alkaline, bese iphathwa nge-ejenti etherifying. Umkhiqizo we-fibrous reaction uyahlanzwa futhi ucolwe ukwenza impushana efanayo enobunono obuthile.
Enqubweni yokukhiqiza ye-MC, i-methyl chloride kuphela esetshenziswa njenge-ejenti ye-etherification; ngaphezu kwe-methyl chloride, i-propylene oxide iphinde isetshenziselwe ukuthola amaqembu angena esikhundleni se-hydroxypropyl ekukhiqizeni i-HPMC. Ama-cellulose ether ahlukahlukene anezilinganiso ezihlukile ze-methyl ne-hydroxypropyl esikhundleni, ezithinta ukuhambisana kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nezinga lokushisa elishisayo le-gelation yezixazululo ze-cellulose ether.
Inani lamaqembu ashintshile kuyunithi yesakhiwo ye-anhydroglucose ye-cellulose ingavezwa ngephesenti elikhulu noma inani elimaphakathi lamaqembu abambele (okungukuthi, izinga lokushintsha i-DS—Iziqu Zokushintshwa). Inani lamaqembu angena esikhundleni linquma izici zemikhiqizo ye-cellulose ether. Umthelela wezinga elimaphakathi lokushintsha ekuncibilikeni kwemikhiqizo e-etherified umi kanje:
(1) Imikhiqizo ye-etherification enezinga eliphansi lokushintshwa incibilika kalula ku-lye;
(2) Imikhiqizo ye-etherification enezinga eliphezulu lokushintshwa incibilika kalula emanzini;
(3) Imikhiqizo ye-etherification enezinga eliphezulu lokushintshwa incibilika kalula kuzincibilikisi zemvelo ezishisayo;
(4) Imikhiqizo ye-Etherification enezinga eliphakeme lokushintshwa incibilika kalula kuzincibilikisi zemvelo ezingezona eziphola.
2. Izimo Zokusebenza Ze-Cellulose Ether
I-Cellulose ether iyi-polymer engeyona i-ionic semi-synthetic, encibilika emanzini futhi encibilika. Inemiphumela ehlukene ezimbonini ezahlukene. Isibonelo, ezintweni zokwakha zamakhemikhali, zinemiphumela elandelayo eyinhlanganisela:
①Umenzeli ogcina amanzi
②I-Thickener
③Leveling
④Ukwakhiwa kwefilimu
⑤ Isibopho
Embonini ye-polyvinyl chloride, iyi-emulsifier ne-dispersant; embonini yezemithi, iyisibophezelo kanye nezinto zohlaka lokukhishwa kancane futhi olulawulwayo, njll. Ngenxa yokuthi i-cellulose inemiphumela ehlukahlukene ehlanganisiwe, ukusetshenziswa kwayo Inkambu nayo ibanzi kakhulu. Okulandelayo kugxile ekusetshenzisweni nasekusebenzeni kwe-cellulose ether ezintweni zokwakha ezihlukahlukene.
(1) Ngopende we-latex:
Embonini yepende ye-latex, ukukhetha i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, ukucaciswa okujwayelekile kwe-viscosity elinganayo yi-RT30000-50000cps, ehambisana nokucaciswa kwe-HBR250, futhi isilinganiso sereferensi ngokuvamile singu-1.5 ‰-2 ‰. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-hydroxyethyl kupende we-latex ukujiya, ukuvimbela i-gelation ye-pigment, ukusiza ukuhlakazeka kwe-pigment, ukuqina kwe-latex, nokwandisa i-viscosity yezingxenye, okunomthelela ekusebenzeni kokulinganisa kokwakhiwa: I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ingancibilika emanzini abandayo nasemanzini ashisayo, futhi ayithinteki ngenani le-pH. Ingasetshenziswa ngokuthula kwengqondo lapho inani le-PI liphakathi kuka-2 no-12. Izindlela zokusebenzisa zimi kanje: I. Ukwengeza ngokuqondile ekukhiqizeni: Kule ndlela, uhlobo olubambezelekile lwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose kufanele lukhethwe, kanye ne-hydroxyethyl cellulose ene isikhathi sokuchithwa esingaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30 sisetshenziswa. Izinyathelo zimi kanje: ① Yibeke esitsheni esifakwe isishunqisi esisheya kakhulu. Amanzi amaningi ahlanzekile ②Qala ukunyakazisa ngokuqhubekayo ngesivinini esiphansi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kancane wengeza i-hydroxyethyl esixazululweni ngokulinganayo ③Qhubeka ugoqoza kuze kucwiliswe zonke izinto eziyimbudumbudu ④Engeza ezinye izithasiselo nezithako ze-alkali, njll. ⑤Guqula kuze kube yilapho yonke i-hydroxyethyl Isisekelo sihlakazeka ngokuphelele. , bese wengeza ezinye izingxenye kufomula, bese ugaya kuze kube umkhiqizo ophelile. Ⅱ. Ifakwe utshwala obuningi ukuze busetshenziswe kamuva: Le ndlela ingakhetha i-cellulose esheshayo, enomphumela wokuqeda isikhutha. Inzuzo yale ndlela yukuthi inokuguquguquka okukhulu futhi ingafakwa ngokuqondile kupende we-latex. Indlela yokulungiselela iyafana nezinyathelo ①-④. Ⅲ. Lungiselela iphalishi ukuze lisetshenziswe kamuva: Njengoba izincibilikisi zemvelo zizincibilikisi ezimpofu (ezingancibiliki) ku-hydroxyethyl, lezi zincibilikizo zingasetshenziswa ukulungisa iphalishi. Izincibilikisi eziphilayo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu uketshezi lwemvelo ekwenziweni kopende kwe-latex, okufana ne-ethylene glycol, i-propylene glycol, nama-ejenti akha ifilimu (njenge-diethylene glycol butyl acetate). Iphalishi i-hydroxyethyl cellulose ingafakwa ngokuqondile kupende. Qhubeka ugoqa kuze kuqedwe ngokuphelele.
(2) Ku-wall scraping putty:
Njengamanje, emadolobheni amaningi ezweni lami, i-putty engavimbeli amanzi kanye ne-scrub-friendly i-putty iye yaziswa kakhulu abantu. Ikhiqizwa ukusabela kwe-acetal ye-vinyl utshwala ne-formaldehyde. Ngakho-ke, le nto isuswa kancane kancane ngabantu, futhi imikhiqizo yochungechunge lwe-cellulose ether isetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni salokhu. Okusho ukuthi, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto zokwakha ezinobungani bemvelo, i-cellulose okwamanje yiyona nto kuphela. Ku-putty engavimbeli amanzi, ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili: i-powder putty ne-putty paste. Phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili ze-putty, i-methyl cellulose eguquliwe kanye ne-hydroxypropyl methyl kufanele kukhethwe. Ukucaciswa kwe-viscosity ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-30000-60000cps. Imisebenzi eyinhloko ye-cellulose ku-putty ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukubopha kanye nokugcoba. Njengoba amafomula we-putty abakhiqizi abahlukahlukene ehlukile, amanye ayi-calcium empunga, i-calcium ekhanyayo, usimende omhlophe, njll., kanti amanye ayimpushana ye-gypsum, i-calcium empunga, i-calcium ekhanyayo, njll. amafomula amabili nawo ahlukene. Isamba esingeziwe singaba ngu-2 ‰-3 ‰. Ekwakhiweni kwe-wall scraping putty, njengoba isisekelo sodonga sinezinga elithile lokumuncwa kwamanzi (izinga lokumuncwa kwamanzi odongeni lwezitini liyi-13%, futhi izinga lokumuncwa kwamanzi likakhonkolo liyi-3-5%), kuhambisana nokuhwamuka kwezwe langaphandle, uma i-putty ilahlekelwa amanzi ngokushesha okukhulu , Kuzoholela ekuqhekekeni noma ekususweni kwempushana, okuzokwenza buthaka amandla e-putty. Ngakho-ke, ukwengeza i-cellulose ether kuzoxazulula le nkinga. Kodwa ikhwalithi ye-filler, ikakhulukazi ikhwalithi ye-ash calcium nayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngenxa ye-viscosity ephezulu ye-cellulose, i-buoyancy ye-putty nayo iyathuthukiswa, futhi umkhuba wokuwohloka ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa nawo uyagwenywa, futhi kuba ntofontofo futhi konga umsebenzi ngemuva kokukhuhla. Kungcono kakhulu ukwengeza i-cellulose ether ku-putty putty. Ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwayo kulula kakhulu. I-filler kanye nezithasiselo zingaxutshwa ngokulinganayo ku-powder eyomile.
(3) Udaka lukakhonkolo:
Odakeni lukakhonkolo, ukuze kuzuzwe amandla okugcina, usimende kumele ube namanzi ngokuphelele. Ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwehlobo, udaka lwekhonkrithi lulahlekelwa amanzi ngokushesha, futhi izilinganiso ze-hydration ephelele zisetshenziselwa ukugcina nokufafaza amanzi. Ukuchithwa kwezinsiza nokusebenza okungalungile, isihluthulelo siwukuthi amanzi angaphezulu kuphela, futhi i-hydration yangaphakathi namanje ayiphelele, ngakho-ke isisombululo sale nkinga ukwengeza ama-agent ayisishiyagalombili okugcina amanzi kukhonkolo yodaka, ngokuvamile ukhetha i-hydroxypropyl methyl. noma i-methyl Cellulose, ukucaciswa kwe-viscosity kuphakathi kuka-20000-60000cps, futhi inani elingeziwe lingu-2% -3%. Izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi lingakhuphuka libe ngaphezu kwama-85%. Indlela yokusebenzisa ukhonkolo wodaka ukuxuba impushana eyomile ngokulinganayo bese uyithela emanzini.
(4) Ekukhometheni i-gypsum, i-gypsum eboshiwe, i-caulking gypsum:
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemboni yezokwakha, isidingo sabantu sezinto zokwakha ezintsha sikhula usuku nosuku. Ngenxa yokwanda kokuqwashisa kwabantu ngokuvikelwa kwemvelo kanye nokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kahle kokwakhiwa, imikhiqizo ye-gypsum kasimende ithuthuke ngokushesha. Njengamanje, imikhiqizo evame kakhulu ye-gypsum i-gypsum yokunamathisela, i-gypsum eboshiwe, i-gypsum ehlotshisiwe, ne-adhesive tile. I-plastering gypsum iyikhwalithi ephezulu yokukhonkoloza kwezindonga zangaphakathi nophahla. Udonga olunamekwe ngalo lulungile futhi lubushelelezi. I-adhesive entsha yebhodi lokukhanya lokwakha iyinto enamathelayo eyenziwe nge-gypsum njengesisekelo sezinto kanye nezithasiselo ezihlukahlukene. Ifanele ukuhlangana phakathi kwezinto ezihlukahlukene zezindonga zokwakha ezingaphili. Ayinabuthi, ayinaphunga, amandla okuqala kanye nokusetha okusheshayo, ukubopha okuqinile nezinye izici, kuyizinto ezisekela amabhodi okwakha kanye nokwakhiwa kwebhulokhi; i-ejenti ye-gypsum caulking iyisigcwalisi segebe phakathi kwamabhodi e-gypsum kanye nesigcwalisi sokulungisa izindonga nokuqhekeka. Le mikhiqizo ye-gypsum inochungechunge lwemisebenzi ehlukene. Ngaphezu kwendima ye-gypsum kanye nezigcwalisi ezihlobene, inkinga eyinhloko ukuthi izithasiselo ze-cellulose ether ezengeziwe zidlala indima ehamba phambili. Njengoba i-gypsum ihlukaniswe yaba i-gypsum anhydrous kanye ne-hemihydrate gypsum, i-gypsum ehlukene inemiphumela ehlukene ekusebenzeni komkhiqizo, ngakho-ke ukuqina, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nokuvinjelwa kunquma izinga lezinto zokwakha ze-gypsum. Inkinga evamile yalezi zinto ezisetshenziswayo ukugoba nokuqhekeka, futhi amandla okuqala awakwazi ukufinyelelwa. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, ukukhetha uhlobo lwe-cellulose kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa inhlanganisela ye-retarder. Mayelana nalokhu, i-methyl noma i-hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 ngokuvamile ikhethwa. -60000cps, inani elingeziwe ngu-1.5% -2%. Phakathi kwazo, i-cellulose igxile ekugcineni amanzi kanye nokunciphisa ukuthambisa. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukuthembela ku-cellulose ether njenge-retarder, futhi kuyadingeka ukwengeza i-citric acid retarder ukuxuba nokusebenzisa ngaphandle kokuthinta amandla okuqala. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi ngokuvamile kubhekisela ekutheni angakanani amanzi azolahleka ngokwemvelo ngaphandle kokumuncwa kwamanzi ngaphandle. Uma udonga lome kakhulu, ukumuncwa kwamanzi kanye nokuhwamuka kwemvelo endaweni engaphansi kuzokwenza izinto zilahlekelwe amanzi ngokushesha kakhulu, futhi ukumboza nokuqhekeka nakho kuzokwenzeka. Le ndlela yokusetshenziswa ixubene nempushana eyomile. Uma ulungisa isixazululo, sicela ubheke indlela yokulungiselela ikhambi.
(5) Udaka lwe-thermal insulation
I-insulation mortar iwuhlobo olusha lwempahla yokufaka udonga lwangaphakathi esifundeni esisenyakatho. Kuyimpahla yodonga ehlanganiswe ngezinto zokufakelwa, udaka kanye ne-binder. Kule nto, i-cellulose idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlanganiseni nasekukhuliseni amandla. Ngokuvamile khetha i-methyl cellulose ene-viscosity ephezulu (mayelana ne-10000eps), umthamo ngokuvamile uphakathi kuka-2 ‰-3 ‰), futhi indlela yokusetshenziswa iwukuba ukuxubana kwe-powder eyomile.
(6) i-ejenti yesixhumi esibonakalayo
Khetha i-HPNC 20000cps njenge-ejenti yesixhumi esibonakalayo, khetha u-60000cps noma ngaphezulu njenge-adhesive tile, futhi usebenzise i-thickener njenge-ejenti yesixhumi esibonakalayo, engathuthukisa amandla aqinile namandla okulwa nomcibisholo. Isetshenziswa njenge-ejenti egcina amanzi ekuhlanganisweni kwamathayili ukuvimbela amathayili ukuthi angawomi amanzi emzimbeni ngokushesha futhi awe.
3. Isimo seketango lemboni
(1) Imboni ekhuphuka nomfula
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko ezidingekayo ekukhiqizeni i-cellulose ether zihlanganisa ukotini ocolisisiwe (noma i-pulp yokhuni) nezinye izincibilikisi zamakhemikhali ezivamile, njenge-propylene oxide, i-methyl chloride, i-liquid caustic soda, i-caustic soda, i-ethylene oxide, i-toluene nezinye izinto ezisizayo. Amabhizinisi emboni ekhuphuka nomfula ale mboni ahlanganisa ukotini ocolisisiwe, amabhizinisi okukhiqiza ama-pulp okhuni kanye namabhizinisi athile amakhemikhali. Ukushintshashintsha kwentengo yezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko ezishiwo ngenhla kuzoba namazinga ahlukahlukene omthelela ezindlekweni zokukhiqiza kanye nenani lokuthengisa le-cellulose ether.
Izindleko zikakotini ocolisisiwe ziphakeme kakhulu. Uma sithatha i-ether ye-cellulose yezinga lezinto zokwakha njengesibonelo, phakathi nesikhathi sokubika, izindleko zikakotini ocolisisiwe zibalelwa ku-31.74%, 28.50%, 26.59% kanye no-26.90% wezindleko zokuthengisa zezinto zokwakha zebanga le-cellulose ether ngokulandelana. Ukushintshashintsha kwentengo kakotini ocolisisiwe kuzothinta izindleko zokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose ether. Impahla eluhlaza eyinhloko yokukhiqiza ukotini ocolile ama-cotton linters. Ama-linter kakotini angeminye yemikhiqizo ekhiqizwayo enqubweni yokukhiqiza ukotini, esetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza i-pulp kakotini, ukotini ocolisisiwe, i-nitrocellulose neminye imikhiqizo. Inani lokusetshenziswa nokusetshenziswa kwama-linters kakotini kuhluke kakhulu, futhi intengo yayo ngokusobala iphansi kunaleyo kakotini, kodwa inokuhlobana okuthile nokuguquguquka kwentengo kakotini. Ukushintshashintsha kwentengo yemalitha kakotini kuthinta intengo kakotini ocolisisiwe.
Ukushintshashintsha okubukhali kwenani likakotini ocolisisiwe kuzoba namazinga ahlukene omthelela ekulawuleni izindleko zokukhiqiza, intengo yomkhiqizo kanye nenzuzo yamabhizinisi kulo mkhakha. Uma intengo kakotini ocolisisiwe iphezulu futhi intengo ye-pulp yokhuni ishibhile, ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko, i-pulp yokhuni ingasetshenziswa njengengxenye kanye nesengezo sikakotini ocolisisiwe, ikakhulukazi ukukhiqizwa kwama-cellulose ethers ane-viscosity ephansi njenge imithi kanye nebanga lokudla cellulose ethers. Ngokwemininingwane evela kusizindalwazi seNational Bureau of Statistics, ngo-2013, indawo yokutshala ukotini ezweni lami yayingamahektha ayizigidi ezingu-4.35, kanti ukukhiqizwa kukakotini kazwelonke kwaba amathani ayizigidi ezingu-6.31. Ngokwezibalo ze-China Cellulose Industry Association, ngo-2014, inani eliphelele likakotini ocolisisiwe okhiqizwa abakhiqizi abakhulu basekhaya bekotini elicwengekile lalingamathani angu-332,000, futhi ukuhlinzekwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kuningi.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zokukhiqizwa kwemishini yamakhemikhali e-graphite yinsimbi ne-graphite carbon. Intengo yensimbi ne-graphite carbon ilandisa ngenani eliphakeme kakhulu lezindleko zokukhiqizwa kwemishini yamakhemikhali e-graphite. Ukushintshashintsha kwentengo yalezi zinto zokusetshenziswa kuzoba nomthelela othile ezindlekweni zokukhiqiza kanye nentengo yokuthengisa yemishini yamakhemikhali e-graphite.
(2) Imboni ephansi ye-cellulose ether
Njenge-“industrial monosodium glutamate”, i-cellulose ether inengxenye ephansi ye-cellulose ether futhi inezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo. Izimboni ezansi nomfula zisakazeke kuyo yonke imikhakha yempilo emnothweni wezwe.
Imvamisa, imboni yezokwakha ezansi nomfula kanye nemboni yezindlu ezithengiswayo izoba nomthelela othile esilinganisweni sokukhula kwesidingo sebanga lezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether. Lapho imboni yezokwakha yasekhaya kanye nemboni yezindlu ezithengiswayo ikhula ngokushesha, isidingo semakethe yasekhaya yezinto zokwakha grade cellulose ether sikhula ngokushesha. Lapho izinga lokukhula kwemboni yezokwakha yasekhaya kanye nemboni yezindlu ezithengiswayo kuncipha, izinga lokukhula kwesidingo sezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether emakethe yasekhaya lizokwehla, okuzoqinisa ukuncintisana kule mboni futhi kusheshise inqubo yokusinda abanamandla phakathi kwamabhizinisi kulo mkhakha.
Kusukela ngo-2012, esimweni sokwehla kwemboni yezokwakha yasekhaya kanye nemboni yezindlu, isidingo sezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether emakethe yasekhaya asiguquki kakhulu. Izizathu eziyinhloko yilezi: 1. Isilinganiso sisonke semboni yezokwakha yasekhaya kanye nemboni yezindlu nezindlu sikhulu, futhi isamba esifunwa yimakethe sikhulu uma kuqhathaniswa; imakethe enkulu yabathengi yezinto zokwakha grade cellulose ether ikhula kancane kancane isuka ezindaweni ezithuthukisiwe kwezomnotho kanye namadolobha esigaba sokuqala nesesibili kuya ezifundeni ezimaphakathi nesentshonalanga namadolobha asezingeni lesithathu, amandla okukhula kwesidingo sasekhaya kanye nokwandiswa kwendawo; 2. Inani le-cellulose ether eyengeziwe lilandisa ingxenye ephansi yezindleko zezinto zokwakha. Inani elisetshenziswa ikhasimende elilodwa lincane, futhi amakhasimende ahlakazekile, athambekele ekufuneni okuqinile. Ingqikithi yesidingo emakethe engezansi komfula izinzile; 3. Ukushintsha kwentengo yemakethe kuyisici esibalulekile esithinta ukuguqulwa kwesakhiwo sesidingo sebanga lezinto zokwakha ze-cellulose ether. Kusukela ngo-2012, intengo yokuthengisa yezinto zokwakha ebangeni le-cellulose ether yehle kakhulu, okubangele ukwehla okukhulu kwentengo yemikhiqizo ephakathi kuya kwephezulu futhi yaheha amakhasimende amaningi ukuthi athenge futhi akhethe, okwandisa isidingo se-mid-to. -imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu, futhi ecindezela isidingo semakethe nendawo yentengo yamamodeli ajwayelekile.
Izinga lokuthuthuka kwemboni yezemithi kanye nezinga lokukhula kwemboni eyenza imithi lizothinta isidingo se-ether ye-cellulose ether yezinga lezemithi. Ukwenziwa ngcono kwezinga lokuphila kwabantu kanye nemboni yokudla ethuthukisiwe kulungele ukushayela isidingo semakethe se-cellulose ether yezinga lokudla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-31-2023