I-HPMC isebenzisa kukhonkolo

Isingeniso

Njengamanje, i-foam esetshenziselwa ukwenza ukhonkolo onegwebu ingasetshenziswa kuphela ukwenza ukhonkolo onegwebu uma inokuqina okwanele nokuzinza uma ixubene ne-slurry futhi ingenawo umthelela omubi ekuhlanganiseni nasekuqiniseni izinto ze-cementitious. Ngokusekelwe kulokhu, ngokuhlolwa, ukwengeza i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), okuwuhlobo lwento eyenza igwebu lizinzise, ​​ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kukakhonkolo owenziwe kabusha wempuphu omncane owenziwe kabusha kwacwaningwa.

Igwebu ngokwalo izinga elihle elibi linquma izinga likakhonkolo, ikakhulukazi ku-pore regenerative foam ukhonkolo, imfucuza ukhonkolo ngemva kokuchotshozwa, ibhola lokugaya impushana, eyenziwe ngobukhona bayo abaningi abangalingani futhi ngezinhlayiya kanye ne-pore yemiphetho namakhona, uma kuqhathaniswa negwebu elivamile. ukhonkolo, amabhamuza empushana agaywe kabusha kukhonkolo yegwebu ngaphansi komthelela wemishini anzima kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuqina kokuqina, usayizi omncane wembotshana, ukufana nokuhlakazeka kwegwebu ku-slurry, liba ngcono izinga likakhonkolo owenziwe kabusha we-micropowder onegwebu. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza amagwebu ngokuqina okuphezulu, ubukhulu obulinganayo be-pore kanye nokuma. Enqubweni yokusebenzisa i-ejenti yokugwedla, i-foam stabilizer idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Iningi le-foam stabilizer liyi-glue material, engakhuphula i-viscosity yesisombululo futhi iguqule ukugeleza kwayo lapho incibilika emanzini. Uma isetshenziswa kanye ne-ejenti egwebuzelayo, ikhulisa ngokuqondile i-liquid film viscosity yegwebu, ikhulise ukunwebeka kwamabhamuza namandla angaphezulu efilimu ewuketshezi.1 ukuhlola

1.1 impahla eluhlaza

(1) Usimende: 42.5 usimende ojwayelekile wasePortland.

(2) Impushana egaywe kabusha: Izifanekiso zikakhonkolo ezilahliwe elabhorethri zikhethiwe futhi zachotshozwa zaba yizinhlayiyana ezinosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezingaphansi kuka-15mm nge-crusher yomhlathi, bese zifakwa emshinini wokugaya ukuze zigaywe. Kulesi sivivinyo, i-micropowder elungiselelwe isikhathi sokugaya se-60min ikhethiwe.

(3) I-ejenti ekhihliza amagwebu:i-ejenti ekhihliza insipho, uketshezi lwe-viscous olukhanyayo olungathathi hlangothi.

(4) I-Foam stabilizer: i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), ibanga lezinto zokwakha zezimboni, impushana, encibilika kalula emanzini.

(5) Amanzi: amanzi okuphuza. Izinto ezibonakalayo eziyinhloko zezinto zikasimende .

1.2 I-Mix ratio design kanye nokubala

1.2.1 Idizayini yokuhlanganisa

Ngesikhathi sokuqulwa kwecala, ingakhuphula noma inciphise ukhonkolo we-powder oyigwebu ovuselelekayo kokuqukethwe, ukulungisa usayizi wokuminyana owomile, ngokwenza usayizi womehluko wevolumu yesampula, usayizi wangempela kanye nomklamo kusilinganiso esibi sephutha lezinga lokuhlolwa kokuklama, igwebu lempushana elivuselelekayo. uketshezi olukhonkolo lokulawula usayizi we-slurry phakathi kuka-180 mm + 20 mm.

1.2.2 Ukubalwa kwe-mix ratio

Idizayini ngayinye yokubumba amaqembu ayi-9 wamabhulokhi ajwayelekile (100mmx100mmx100mm), okujwayelekile

Isamba esiphelele sebhulokhi yokuhlola V0 =(0.1×0.1×0.1)x27 = 2.7×10-2m3, setha isamba sevolumu V =

1.2×2.7×10-2 = 3.24×10-2m3, umthamo we-ejenti ekhihliza amagwebu M0 =0.9V = 0.9×3.24×10-2 =

I-2.916 × 10-2kg, amanzi adingekayo ukuze kuhlanjululwe i-ejenti egwebuzelayo yi-MWO.

2. Imiphumela yokuhlola kanye nengxoxo

Ngokulungisa umthamo we-HPMC, umthelela wezinhlelo ezihlukene zegwebu ezimpahleni eziyisisekelo zikakhonkolo owenziwe kabusha wempuphu omncane owenziwe kabusha wahlaziywa. Izakhiwo zemishini zesampula ngayinye zahlolwa.

2.1 Umthelela womthamo we-HPMC ekusebenzeni kwegwebu

Okokuqala, ake sibheke “amabhamuza azacile” kanye “namabhamuza aminyene”. Igwebu ukuhlakazwa kwegesi oketshezini. Amabhamuza angahlukaniswa “amabhamuza azacile” anoketshezi oluningi negesi encane kanye “nebhamuza eliwugqinsi” anoketshezi oluningi negesi encane. Ngenxa yobukhona besamba esikhulu sebhamuza lamanzi, kanye ne-fluidity ephezulu, udaka lukakhonkolo lwegwebu olwenziwe luncane kakhulu, futhi amanzi e-bubble angaphezulu, kulula ukukhiqiza amanzi adonsela phansi, ngakho-ke ukhonkolo owenziwe kabusha we-powder olungiselelwe amandla aphansi, ngaphezulu. ama-pores axhunyiwe, igwebu eliphansi. Igwebu elincane legesi eliwuketshezi oluningi, ukwakheka kwe-stoma kuminyene, kuhlukaniswe kuphela ungqimba oluncane lwefilimu lamanzi, ukunqwabelana kwegwebu kuncane kakhulu kwe-bubble density, ukubumba ukuphuma kokuvuselelwa kwe-micro powder Foam ukhonkolo wezimbotshana ezivaliwe, amandla aphezulu, aphezulu. - igwebu lekhwalithi.

Ngokukhula komthamo we-HPMC, ukuminyana kwegwebu kukhuphuke kancane kancane, okubonisa ukuthi igwebu liya ngokuya liminyene, i-ejenti enegwebu egcwala amagwebu cishe ngaphambi kuka-0.4% ibe nomphumela othuthukisiwe, ngaphezu kuka-0.4% ngemuva komphumela wokuvinjwa, okubonisa ukuthi i-viscosity yesisombululo se-ejenti enegwebu iyanda, ithinta ikhono lokugwebu. Ngokukhuphuka komthamo we-HPMC, ukugcinwa kwegwebu kanye nebanga lokuhlala liyancipha kancane kancane ngamanani. Ngaphambi kuka-0.4%, izinga lokuncipha likhulu, futhi lapho izinga lidlula u-0.4%, izinga liyehla, okubonisa ukuthi ngokwanda kwe-viscosity yesisombululo se-ejenti enegwebu, uketshezi olukwifilimu ye-bubble liquid akulula ukulukhipha noma ukukhishwa kukhulu kakhulu. encane, futhi uketshezi phakathi kwamabhamuza akulula ukugeleza. Ukuqina kwefilimu ye-bubble liquid kuncipha kancane, isikhathi sokuqhuma kwe-bubble sinwetshwa, amandla efilimu ye-bubble liquid ayanda, igwebu libuye libe nezinga elithile lokunwebeka, ukuze lenze ukuzinza kwegwebu.

Ithuthukiswe kakhulu. Inani lebanga lokukhokhelana ngemva kuka-0.4% liphinde libonise ukuthi igwebu lizinzile ngalesi sikhathi. Umshini okhihliza amagwebu unzima ukwenza igwebu ku-0.8%, futhi ukusebenza kwegwebu kungcono kakhulu ku-0.4%, kanti ukuminyana kwegwebu kungu-59kg/m3 ngalesi sikhathi.

2.2 Umthelela wokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC kwikhwalithi yodaka lukakhonkolo olugaywe kabusha oluyimpuphu encane

Ngokukhula kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC, ukuhambisana kodaka kuyanda. Uma okuqukethwe kungaphansi kuka-0.4%, ukuvumelana kukhula kancane kancane, futhi lapho okuqukethwe kungaphezu kuka-0.4%, izinga liyashesha kakhulu, okubonisa ukuthi igwebu liminyene kakhulu, amanzi amancane e-bubble, kanye ne-foam viscosity ephakeme. Enqubweni yokwandisa umthamo, i-foam mass in slurry ihamba phambili ebangeni lika-0.4% ~ 0.6%, futhi ikhwalithi yegwebu impofu ngaphandle kwalolu hlu. Uma okuqukethwe kungaphansi kuka-0.4%, ukusatshalaliswa kwezimbotshana zomoya ku-slurry akufani ngokuqhathaniswa futhi kubonisa ukuthambekela okuqhubekayo kokuthuthuka. Uma okuqukethwe kudlula lokhu okuqukethwe, ukusatshalaliswa kwezimbotshana zomoya kubonisa ukuthambekela okuphawulekayo okungalingani, okungenzeka futhi kungenxa yokuminyana ngokweqile kanye ne-viscosity yegwebu kanye noketshezi olungenamanzi, okuholela ekutheni amabhamuza angakwazi ukuhlakazeka ngokulinganayo odaka phakathi nenqubo yokunyakazisa. .

2.3 Umthelela wokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC ekusebenzeni kukakhonkolo owenziwe kabusha we-micropowder onegwebu

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-foam ikhiqizwa kanjani, ubukhulu bama-bubbles ku-foam ngeke bufane ngokuphelele. Ukuhlolwa kwempushana egaywe kabusha ngemuva kokuchotshozwa kwesistimu yokugaya, ukwakheka kwayo akufani, kubushelelezi ku-bubble kanye nokuxuba okudaka okuxubekile, ukwakheka okungajwayelekile kwe-slurry enemiphetho namakhona, ama-spikes ezinhlayiya angaveza umphumela omubi kakhulu wegwebu, athintana nawo njengephuzu lokuxhumana nendawo, khiqiza ukuhlushwa kokucindezeleka, ukugwaza kwe-bubble, okubangela ukuqhuma kwamabhamuza, ngakho-ke, Ukulungiswa kokhonkolo owenziwe kabusha we-micropowder ogwebu kudinga ukuzinza okuphezulu kwegwebu. Umfanekiso wesi-4 ubonisa umthetho wethonya wezinhlelo ezahlukene zegwebu ekusebenzeni kukakhonkolo owenziwe kabusha we-micropowder onegwebu.

Ngaphambi kuka-0.4%, ukuminyana okomile kwehla kancane kancane futhi izinga lalishesha, futhi ukumuncwa kwamanzi kwaba ngcono. Ngemuva kuka-0.4%, ukuminyana okomile kuyashintsha, futhi izinga lokumuncwa kwamanzi likhuphuka ngokuzumayo. Ku-3D, amandla okucindezela ngokuyisisekelo awanawo umehluko ngaphambi kuka-0.4%, futhi inani lamandla lilinganiselwa ku-0.9mpa. Ngemuva kuka-0.4%, inani lokuqina lincane. Amandla okucindezela ku-7d anomehluko osobala. Inani lamandla esikalini sika-0.0 ngokusobala alilikhulu njengalelo ku-0.2% no-0.4%, kodwa liphakeme kunalokho ku-0.6% no-0.8%, futhi inani lamandla ku-0.2% no-0.4% kusenomehluko omncane. Ukuguqulwa kwenani lamandla ku-28d ngokuyisisekelo kwakufana nalokho ku-7d.

Umthamo ongu-0.0 oyisisekelo ukhombisa ibhamuza elincanyana, ukuqina kwebhamuza, ukuzinza kubi, ngesikhathi sokuxubana okunodaka kanye ne-specimen condense sclerosis, kunokuqhekeka kwebhamuza okuningi, i-porosity yangaphakathi yesifanekiso iphakeme, ngemuva kokwenza isifanekiso singasebenzi kahle, ukwanda komthamo, ukusebenza kwawo kuba ngcono kancane kancane, i-bubble ku-slurry yahlakazeka ngokulinganayo futhi yaqhuma ngezinga elincane, Ngemva kokubunjwa, kunezimbobo ezivaliwe kakhulu esakhiweni sangaphakathi sesampula, kanye nokuma, ukuvuleka kanye ne-porosity izimbobo zithuthukisiwe kangcono, futhi ukusebenza kwe-specimen kungcono. Kuboniswe umkhuba wokwehla ngo-0.4%, amandla kanye nenani lawo aliphezulu njengo-0.0, kungase kube ngenxa yokuthi ukuminyana kwegwebu kanye ne-viscosity kukhulu kakhulu, imbangela engekho emthethweni ngesikhathi sokuxuba udaka, igwebu alikwazi ukuxuba nosimende nosimende, ibhamuza lingakwazi' t ihlakazeke kahle ngokulinganayo ku-slurry, okuholela ekwakhiweni kwesifanekiso ubukhulu bezinga elihlukile lamabhamuza, Ngenxa yalokho, kunezimbobo ezinkulu nezimbobo ezixhunyiwe kusampula ngemva kokuqina nokuqina, okuholela ekwakhiweni okubi. , amandla aphansi kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokumunca amanzi lezimbobo zangaphakathi zesifanekiso. Emfanekisweni, isizathu esiyinhloko sokushintsha amandla ukuhlangana kwe-pore engxenyeni engaphakathi yekhonkrithi yegwebu le-micropowder.

Ukwenziwa ngcono kwesakhiwo nakho kukhombisa ukuthi i-HPMC ayinawo umthelela omubi ku-hydration kasimende. Uma okuqukethwe kwe-HPMC kulinganiselwa ku-0.2% ~ 0.4%, amandla kakhonkolo owenziwe kabusha we-micropowder onegwebu angcono.

3 isiphetho

I-Foam iyisici esidingekayo sokwenza ukhonkolo onegwebu, futhi ikhwalithi yayo ihlobene ngokuqondile nekhwalithi yekhonkrithi enegwebu. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza okwanele kwamagwebu, i-ejenti enegwebu kanye ne-HPMC iyaxutshwa ukuze isetshenziswe. Kusukela ekuhlaziyweni kwegwebu, i-slurry kanye nekhwalithi yokugcina kakhonkolo, kutholakala ukuthi:

(1) Ukwengezwa kwe-HPMC kunomphumela omuhle wokuthuthuka ekusebenzeni kwegwebu. Uma kuqhathaniswa no-0.0, isilinganiso se-ejenti elinegwebu lenyuka izikhathi ezingu-1.8, ukuminyana kwegwebu kukhuphuke ngo-21 kg/m3, amanzi okopha okungu-1h ehle ngo-48 mL, ibanga lokuhlala elingu-1h lehla ngo-15 mm;

(2) i-HPMC yengezwe ukuze ithuthukise ukuvuselelwa kwekhwalithi yonke ye-powder foam ukhonkolo oludaka, uma kuqhathaniswa nokungaxubeki, ikhulise ngokunengqondo ukuguquguquka kwe-slurry, ithuthukise i-liquidity futhi ithuthukise ukuzinza kwe-bubble slurry, ithuthukise ukufana kwegwebu. ihlakazekile ku-slurry, yehlisa imbobo yokuxhuma, imbobo enkulu kanye nokuvela kwento efana nemodi yokuwa, umthamo we-0.4%, Ngemuva kokusikwa kwesampula yokubumba, ukuvuleka kwayo kuncane, ukwakheka kwembobo kuyindilinga ngaphezulu, ukusatshalaliswa komgodi kufana kakhulu;

(3) Uma okuqukethwe kwe-HPMC kungu-0.2% ~ 0.4%, amandla okucindezela angu-28d okhonkolo owenziwe kabusha we-micropowder onegwebu aphezulu, kodwa uma kucatshangelwa ukuminyana okomile, ukumuncwa kwamanzi namandla okuqala, okungcono kakhulu kulapho okuqukethwe kwe-HPMC kungu-0.4%. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuminyana owomile 442 kg/m3, 7d amandla okucindezelayo 2.2mpa, 28d amandla okucindezela 3.0mpa, ukumuncwa amanzi 28%. I-HPMC idlala indima enhle ekusebenzeni kukakhonkolo owenziwe kabusha oyimpushana onegwebu, okubonisa ukuthi i-HPMC inokuguquguquka okuhle nokuhambisana uma isetshenziswa kukhonkolo owenziwe kabusha oyimpuphu omncane.