CMC ukusetshenziswa ekudleni
I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (i-carboxymethyl cellulose, i-sodium CMC) iphuma ku-carboxymethylated ku-cellulose, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cellulose gum, futhi iyishingamu ye-ionic cellulose ebaluleke kakhulu.
I-CMC imvamisa iyinhlanganisela ye-anionic polymer etholakala ngokusabela i-cellulose yemvelo nge-caustic alkali ne-monochloroacetic acid. Isisindo samangqamuzana enhlanganisela sisuka ezinkulungwaneni ezimbalwa siye esigidini esisodwa. ifindo leyunithi le-molecule
I-CMC ingeyokushintshwa kwe-cellulose yemvelo. Njengamanje, iNhlangano Yezokudla Nezolimo yeNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene (i-FAO) kanye neNhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba (WHO) bayibize ngokusemthethweni ngokuthi “i-cellulose eguquliwe”. Indlela yokuhlanganisa ye-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose yasungulwa ngu-German E.Jansen ngo-1918, futhi yanikezwa ilungelo lobunikazi ngo-1921 futhi yaziwa emhlabeni wonke, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ibithengiswa eYurophu.
I-CMC yayisetshenziselwa kuphela imikhiqizo engahluziwe, njenge-colloid ne-binder. Kusukela ngo-1936 kuya ku-1941, ucwaningo lwe-industrial application ye-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose lwalusebenza kakhulu, futhi amalungelo obunikazi amaningana akhanyisa kakhulu ashicilelwe. Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, iJalimane yasebenzisa i-CMC ezintweni zokwenziwa zokuhlanza njenge-ejenti elwa nokuphindaphinda, Futhi esikhundleni sezinsini zemvelo (ezifana ne-gelatin, gum arabic), imboni ye-CMC isithuthukiswe kakhulu.
I-CMC isetshenziswa kabanzi ku-petroleum, geological , amakhemikhali ansuku zonke, ukudla, imithi kanye nezinye izimboni, ezaziwa ngokuthi "i-industrial monosodium glutamate".
01INGXENYE
Izakhiwo zesakhiwo se-CMC
I-CMC iyimpushana emhlophe noma ephuzi kancane, i-granular noma i-fibrous solid. Kuyikhemikhali eyi-macromolecular ekwazi ukumunca amanzi futhi ivuvuke. Uma ivuvukele emanzini, ingakha ingcina ye-viscous ebonakalayo. I-pH ye-aqueous suspension yi-6.5-8.5. I-substance ayincibiliki kuzincibilikisi eziphilayo njenge-ethanol, i-ether, i-acetone ne-chloroform.
I-Solid CMC izinzile ekukhanyeni nasegumbini lokushisa, futhi ingagcinwa isikhathi eside endaweni eyomile. I-CMC iwuhlobo lwe-cellulose ether. Ivamise ukwenziwa nge-cotton linter emfushane (okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose kufika ku-98%) noma i-pulp yokhuni, ephathwa nge-sodium hydroxide bese isabela nge-sodium monochloroacetate. Isisindo se-molecular of the compound yi-6400 (± 1000). Ngokuvamile kunezindlela ezimbili zokulungiselela: indlela yamalahle-amanzi kanye nendlela yokuncibilikisa. Kukhona neminye imicu yezitshalo esetshenziselwa ukwenza i-CMC.
02INGXENYE
Izici kanye nezicelo
I-CMC ayiyona nje i-emulsion stabilizer enhle kanye ne-thickener ezinhlelweni zokudla, kodwa futhi inokuqina okuhle kakhulu kokuqandisa nokuncibilika, futhi ingathuthukisa ukunambitheka komkhiqizo futhi yandise isikhathi sokugcina.
Ngo-1974, iNhlangano Yezokudla Nezolimo yeNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene (i-FAO) kanye neNhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba (i-WHO) yagunyaza ukusetshenziswa kwe-CMC emsulwa yokudla ngemva kocwaningo nokuhlolwa okuqinile kwebhayoloji kanye nobuthi. Ukudla okuphephile okujwayelekile kwamazwe ngamazwe (ADI) kungu-25mg/kg isisindo somzimba/ngosuku.
2.1 Ukuqina nokuqiniswa kwe-emulsification
Ukudla i-CMC kungabamba iqhaza emulsification nasekusimamiseni iziphuzo eziqukethe amafutha namaprotheni. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-CMC iba i-colloid ezinzile esobala ngemva kokuncibilika emanzini, futhi izinhlayiya zamaprotheni ziba yizinhlayiya ezineshaji efanayo ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwefilimu ye-colloid, engenza izinhlayiya zeprotheni zibe esimweni esizinzile. Ibuye ibe nomphumela othile we-emulsification, ngakho-ke ngesikhathi esifanayo, inganciphisa ukungezwani kwendawo phakathi kwamafutha namanzi, ukuze amafutha afakwe ngokugcwele.
I-CMC ingathuthukisa ukuzinza komkhiqizo ngoba lapho inani le-pH lomkhiqizo lichezuka endaweni ye-isoelectric yeprotheni, i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ingakha isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi ngephrotheni, engathuthukisa ukuzinza komkhiqizo.
2.2 Khulisa ubukhulu
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-CMC ku-ayisikhilimu kungakhuphula ukunwetshwa kuka-ayisikhilimu, kuthuthukise isivinini sokuncibilika, kunikeze isimo esihle nokunambitha, futhi kulawule usayizi nokukhula kwamakristalu eqhwa ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcinwa. Inani elisetshenzisiwe lingu-0.5% wesamba. Isilinganiso siyengezwa.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-CMC inokugcinwa kahle kwamanzi kanye nokuhlakazeka, futhi ihlanganisa izinhlayiya zamaprotheni, ama-fat globules nama-molecule amanzi ku-colloid ukuze kwakheke uhlelo olufanayo noluzinzile.
2.3 I-Hydrophilicity kanye nokubuyisela amanzi emanzini
Lesi sakhiwo esisebenzayo se-CMC sivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni isinkwa, esingenza umfaniswano wezinyosi, ukwandisa ivolumu, ukunciphisa i-slag, futhi kube nomthelela wokugcina ukufudumala nokusha; ama-noodle angezwe nge-CMC anokugcinwa kahle kwamanzi, ukumelana nokupheka kanye nokunambitheka okuhle.
Lokhu kunqunywa ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana e-CMC, okuphuma ku-cellulose enenani elikhulu lamaqembu e-hydrophilic ochungechungeni lwamangqamuzana: -OH iqembu, iqembu le-COONa, ngakho i-CMC ine-hydrophilicity engcono kune-cellulose namandla okubamba amanzi.
2.4 I-Gelation
Thixotropic CMC isho ukuthi amaketanga e-macromolecular anenombolo ethile yokusebenzisana futhi ajwayele ukwakha isakhiwo esinezinhlangothi ezintathu. Ngemva kokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esinezinhlangothi ezintathu, i-viscosity yesisombululo iyanda, futhi ngemva kokuphulwa kwesakhiwo se-three-dimensional, i-viscosity iyancipha. I-thixotropic phenomenon ukuthi ushintsho olubonakalayo lwe-viscosity luncike esikhathini.
Thixotropic CMC idlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni lwe-gelling futhi ingasetshenziswa ukwenza i-jelly, ujamu nokunye ukudla.
2.5 Ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokucacisa, i-foam stabilizer, yandisa ukunambitheka
I-CMC ingasetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni iwayini ukwenza ukunambitheka kube lula futhi kucebile, futhi i-aftertaste yinde; ekukhiqizeni ubhiya, ingasetshenziswa njenge-foam stabilizer kabhiya, okwenza igwebu licebile futhi lihlale futhi lithuthukise ukunambitheka.
I-CMC iyi-polyelectrolyte, engabamba iqhaza ekuphenduleni okuhlukahlukene ewayinini ukuze kugcinwe ibhalansi yomzimba wewayini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphinde ihlanganise namakristalu akhiwe, ukushintsha ukwakheka kwamakristalu, ukushintsha izimo zamakristalu ewayini, futhi kubangele imvula. Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-07-2022