1. Isakhiwo samangqamuzana
Isakhiwo samangqamuzana e-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) sinomthelela omkhulu ekuncibilikeni kwawo emanzini. I-CMC iphuma ku-cellulose, futhi isici sayo sesakhiwo ukuthi amaqembu e-hydroxyl ochungechungeni lwe-cellulose athathelwa indawo ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele ngamaqembu e-carboxymethyl. I-Degree of substitution (DS) iyipharamitha eyinhloko, ebonisa inani elimaphakathi lamaqembu e-hydroxyl esikhundleni samaqembu e-carboxymethyl kuyunithi ngayinye ye-glucose. Ukuphakama kwezinga lokushintsha, kuqina i-hydrophilicity ye-CMC, kanye nokuncibilika okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokushintsha lingase liholele ekusebenzelaneni okuthuthukisiwe phakathi kwama-molecule, okubuye kunciphise ukunyibilika. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushintsha lilingana nokuncibilika ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile.
2. Isisindo samangqamuzana
Isisindo samangqamuzana e-CMC sithinta ukunyibilika kwayo. Ngokuvamile, isisindo samangqamuzana sincane, kukhulu ukuncibilika. Isisindo samangqamuzana aphezulu i-CMC inochungechunge lwamangqamuzana olude futhi oluyinkimbinkimbi, oluholela ekubambeni okwenyukayo kanye nokuxhumana esixazululweni, okukhawulela ukuncibilika kwayo. Isisindo samangqamuzana aphansi i-CMC maningi amathuba okuthi yenze ukusebenzisana okuhle nama-molecule amanzi, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukunyibilika.
3. Izinga lokushisa
Izinga lokushisa liyisici esibalulekile esithinta ukunyibilika kwe-CMC. Ngokuvamile, ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa kwandisa ukunyibilika kwe-CMC. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amazinga okushisa aphezulu andisa amandla e-kinetic ama-molecule amanzi, ngaleyo ndlela acekele phansi amabhondi e-hydrogen namandla e-van der Waals phakathi kwama-molecule e-CMC, okwenza kube lula ukuncibilika emanzini. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu lingabangela i-CMC ukuthi ibole noma i-denature, engakwazi ukuhlakazeka.
4. inani le-pH
Ukunyibilika kwe-CMC nakho kuncike kakhulu ku-pH yesixazululo. Endaweni engathathi hlangothi noma ene-alkali, amaqembu e-carboxyl kuma-molecule e-CMC azohlangana abe ama-ion e-COO⁻, enze ama-molecule e-CMC ashajwe kabi, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukusebenzisana nama-molecule amanzi futhi athuthukise ukuncibilika. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezine-acidic eqinile, i-ionization yamaqembu e-carboxyl iyavinjelwa futhi ukuncibilika kungancipha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimo ze-pH ezeqisayo zingadala ukuwohloka kwe-CMC, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunyibilika kwayo.
5. Amandla e-Ionic
Amandla e-ionic emanzini athinta ukunyibilika kwe-CMC. Izixazululo ezinamandla amakhulu e-ionic zingase ziholele ekuthuthukisweni kokungathathi hlangothi kukagesi phakathi kwama-molecule e-CMC, kwehlise ukunyibilika kwawo. Umphumela we-salting out uyinto evamile, lapho ukugxila kwe-ion ephezulu kunciphisa ukunyibilika kwe-CMC emanzini. Amandla e-ionic aphansi ngokuvamile asiza i-CMC ukuthi incibilike.
6. Ukuqina kwamanzi
Ukuqina kwamanzi, ikakhulukazi okunqunywa ukugcwala kwe-calcium ne-magnesium ions, nakho kuthinta ukunyibilika kwe-CMC. Ama-cations amaningi emanzini aqinile (afana ne-Ca²⁺ ne-Mg²⁺) angenza amabhuloho e-ionic namaqembu e-carboxyl kuma-molecule e-CMC, okuholela ekuhlanganisweni kwamangqamuzana nokuncipha kokuncibilika. Ngokuphambene, amanzi athambile ahambisana nokuqedwa okuphelele kwe-CMC.
7. Ukuyaluza
Ukuyaluza kusiza i-CMC ukuthi incibilike emanzini. Ukuyaluza kwandisa indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwamanzi ne-CMC, kukhuthaze inqubo yokuhlakazwa. Ukuyaluza okwanele kungavimbela i-CMC ukuthi ihlangane futhi iyisize ihlakazeke ngokulinganayo emanzini, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ukunyibilika.
8. Izimo zokugcina nokuphatha
Izimo zokugcina nokuphatha ze-CMC nazo zithinta izakhiwo zayo zokuncibilika. Izinto ezinjengomswakama, izinga lokushisa, nesikhathi sokugcina zingathinta isimo somzimba nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ze-CMC, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukunyibilika kwayo. Ukuze kugcinwe ukuncibilika okuhle kwe-CMC, kufanele kugwenywe ekuvezweni isikhathi eside ekushiseni okuphezulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu, futhi ukupakishwa kufanele kugcinwe kuvaliwe kahle.
9. Umphumela wezithasiselo
Ukwengeza ezinye izinto, njengezinsiza-kuchithwa noma izincibilikisi, ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlakazwa kwe-CMC kungashintsha izici zayo zokuncibilika. Isibonelo, amanye ama-surfactants noma izinyibilikisi eziphilayo ezincibilika emanzini zingakhuphula ukunyibilika kwe-CMC ngokushintsha ukushuba kwesimo esingaphezulu kwesixazululo noma ukugqama kwendawo emaphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye ama-ion noma amakhemikhali athile angase ahlanganyele nama-molecule e-CMC ukuze akhe izakhiwo ezincibilikayo, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukunyibilika.
Izinto ezithinta ukunyibilika okuphezulu kwe-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) emanzini zifaka ukwakheka kwayo kwamangqamuzana, isisindo samangqamuzana, izinga lokushisa, inani le-pH, amandla e-ionic, ubulukhuni bamanzi, izimo ezinyakazayo, izimo zokugcina nokuphatha, kanye nomthelela wezithasiselo. Lezi zici zidinga ukucatshangelwa ngokuphelele ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zokuthuthukisa ukunyibilika kwe-CMC futhi kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza. Ukuqonda lezi zici kubalulekile ekusetshenzisweni nasekuphathweni kwe-CMC futhi kusiza ukuthuthukisa imiphumela yohlelo lokusebenza emikhakheni eyahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-10-2024