Umphumela We-Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Ether Ezimpahleni Zodaka Losimende Ofuthwe Ngomshini

I-Cellulose ether iyisengezo esibalulekile odakeni oluqhunyiswe ngumshini. Imiphumela yama-viscosity amane ahlukene e-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ekugcinweni kwamanzi, ukuminyana, okuqukethwe komoya, izakhiwo zemishini kanye nokusatshalaliswa kobukhulu bembotshana yodaka oluqhunyiswe ngumshini kwacwaningwa. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi: I-HPMC ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka, futhi izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi lingadlula ama-90% uma inani le-HPMC lingu-0.15%. Okusobala kakhulu; okuqukethwe komoya kodaka kukhuphuka ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC: I-HPMC ngokusobala izonciphisa izakhiwo zemishini yodaka lukasimende, kodwa isilinganiso sokugoqa sodaka sizokhula; usayizi we-pore of mortar uzokhula kakhulu ngemva kokwengeza i-HPMC, Ingxenye yezimbobo eziyingozi nezimbobo eziningi eziyingozi zanda kakhulu.

Amagama angukhiye: udaka; i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether; ukugcinwa kwamanzi; ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezimbotshana

0. Isandulelo

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ngenqubekelaphambili eqhubekayo yemboni kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, ngokwethulwa kanye nokwenza ngcono kwemishini yokufafaza udaka lwangaphandle, ubuchwepheshe bokufutha ngemishini nokupulasitela buye bathuthukiswa kakhulu ezweni lakithi. Udaka lokufafaza ngomshini luhlukile kudaka olujwayelekile, oludinga ukusebenza okuphezulu kokugcinwa kwamanzi, uketshezi olufanele kanye nokusebenza okuthile kokulwa nokuncipha. Ngokuvamile, i-cellulose ether yengezwa odakeni, phakathi kwayo i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plain ether (HPMC) esetshenziswa kakhulu. Imisebenzi esemqoka ye-HPMC odakeni yilena: umthamo omuhle kakhulu wokugcina amanzi, ukuqina kanye ne-viscosifying kanye nokulungiswa kwe-rheological. Nokho, ukushiyeka kwe-HPMC akunakuzitshwa. I-HPMC inomphumela wokungenisa umoya, okuzodala ukukhubazeka okwengeziwe kwangaphakathi futhi kunciphise kakhulu izakhiwo zemishini zodaka. Leli phepha lihlola umthelela we-HPMC esilinganisweni sokugcinwa kwamanzi, ukuminyana, okuqukethwe komoya kanye nezakhiwo zemishini zodaka oluvela esicini se-macroscopic, futhi lihlola umthelela we-HPMC ekwakhekeni kwezimbotshana zodaka kusukela kusici esincanyana.

1. Hlola

1.1 Izinto ezisetshenziswayo

Usimende: P·O42.5 usimende, amandla ayo e-28d eguquguqukayo kanye nokucindezela yi-6.9 kanye ne-48.2 MPa ngokulandelanayo; isihlabathi: Isihlabathi somfula i-Chengde, i-40-100 mesh; i-cellulose ether: i-hydroxypropyl alcohol ekhiqizwa inkampani e-Hebei Methyl cellulose ether, impushana emhlophe, i-viscosity ebizwa ngokuthi 40, 100, 150, 200 Pa·S: Amanzi: amanzi kampompi ahlanzekile.

1.2 Indlela yokuhlola

Ngokusho kwe-JGJ/T 105-2011 "Imithetho Yokwakhiwa Kwemishini Yokufutha Nokunamathisela", ukuhambisana kodaka kungu-80 ~ 120mm, futhi izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi likhulu kuno-90%. Kulokhu kuhlolwa, isilinganiso se-lime-sand sisethwe ku-1:5, ukuvumelana kulawulwa kokuthi (93).±2) mm, futhi i-cellulose ether ihlanganiswa ngaphandle, futhi umthamo wayo ubalwa ngokwesisindo sikasimende. Izakhiwo eziyisisekelo zodaka ezifana nokuminyana okumanzi, okuqukethwe komoya, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi, kanye nokungaguquguquki kuyahlolwa ngokubhekiselwa ku-JGJ 70-2009 “Izindlela Zokuhlola Zezakhiwo Eziyisisekelo Zodaka Lokwakha”, futhi okuqukethwe komoya kuyahlolwa futhi kubalwe ngokuvumelana indlela yokuminyana. Ukulungiswa, ukuguquguquka kanye nokuhlolwa kwamandla okucindezelwa kwezibonelo kwenziwa ngokubhekiselwe ku-GB/T 17671-1999 “Izindlela Zokuhlola Amandla Esanti Sosimende Sodaka (Indlela Ye-ISO)”. Ubukhulu bembobo buhlolwe yi-mercury porosimetry. Imodeli ye-mercury porosimeter yayingu-AUTOPORE 9500, futhi ububanzi bokulinganisa bekungu-5.5 nm kuya ku-360μm. Ingqikithi yamaqoqo angu-4 okuhlolwa enziwe. 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% (izinombolo ngu-A, B, C, D).

2. Imiphumela kanye nokuhlaziya

2.1 Umthelela we-HPMC emazingeni okugcinwa kwamanzi odaka lukasimende

Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kubhekisela emandleni odaka ukubamba amanzi. Odakeni olufuthwe ngomshini, ukwengeza i-cellulose ether kungagcina umswakama ngempumelelo, kunciphise izinga lokopha, futhi kuhlangabezane nezidingo zokugeleza okwanele kwezinto ezisekelwe kusimende.

Kusukela kumphumela we-HPMC esilinganisweni sokugcinwa kwamanzi odaka, kungabonakala ukuthi ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi odaka likhuphuka kancane kancane. Amajika ama-cellulose ether ane-viscosities ye-100, 150 kanye ne-200 Pa·s ziyafana. Uma okuqukethwe kungu-0.05% kuya ku-0.15%, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi likhuphuka ngokulandelana. Uma okuqukethwe kungu-0.15%, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi likhulu kuno-93%..Ngemuva kuka-20%, ukuthambekela okwandayo kokugcinwa kwamanzi kuba yisicaba, okubonisa ukuthi inani le-HPMC seliseduze nokugcwala. Ijika elinomthelela yenani le-HPMC eline-viscosity engu-40 Pa·s esilinganisweni sokugcinwa kwamanzi cishe umugqa oqondile. Uma inani likhulu kuno-0.15%, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi odaka liphansi kakhulu kunelezinye izinhlobo ezintathu ze-HPMC ezinenani elifanayo le-viscosity. Ngokuvamile kunenkolelo yokuthi indlela yokugcina amanzi ye-cellulose ether yile: iqembu le-hydroxyl ku-molecule ye-cellulose ether kanye ne-athomu yomoya-mpilo ku-ether bond izohlotshaniswa ne-molecule yamanzi ukuze yakhe isibopho se-hydrogen, ukuze amanzi amahhala abe amanzi abophekile. , ngaleyo ndlela idlala umphumela omuhle wokugcina amanzi; Kuphinde kukholakala ukuthi ukuxubana phakathi kwama-molecule amanzi namaketanga e-cellulose ether yamangqamuzana kuvumela ama-molecule amanzi ukuthi angene ngaphakathi kwamaketanga e-cellulose ether macromolecular futhi abe ngaphansi kwamandla okubopha aqinile, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-slurry kasimende. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuhle kakhulu kungagcina udaka lufana, akulula ukulihlukanisa, futhi uthole ukusebenza kahle kokuxubana, kuyilapho kunciphisa ukuguga komshini futhi kukhulisa impilo yomshini wokufafaza udaka.

2.2 Umthelela we-HPMC ekuminyaneni nasemoyeni wodaka lukasimende

Kusukela kumthelela wama-viscosities ahlukene kanye nemithamo ye-HPMC kubuningi bodaka, kungabonakala ukuthi lapho umthamo we-HPMC ungu-0-0.20%, ukuminyana kodaka kwehla kakhulu ngokunyuka komthamo we-HPMC, kusuka ku-2050 kg/m.³ kuze kufike ku-1650kg/m³ , yehle ngo-20%; ngemuva kokuthi okuqukethwe kwe-HPMC kweqe u-0.20%, ukwehla kokuminyana kuvame ukuba flat. Ukuqhathanisa izinhlobo ezine ze-HPMC ezinama-viscosity ahlukene, kungabonakala ukuthi ukuphakama kwe-viscosity, kuyancipha ukuminyana kodaka; ukuminyana Curves of the mortars nge viscosities exubile 150 futhi 200 Pa s HPMC ngokuyisisekelo ayagqagqana, okubonisa ukuthi njengoba viscosity of HPMC uyaqhubeka ukwanda, ukuminyana nodaka akusancipha.

Kusukela kumthelela wama-viscosities ahlukene kanye nemithamo ye-HPMC emoyeni wodaka, kungabonakala ukuthi ukuguqulwa kokuqukethwe komoya wodaka kuphambene nalokho kokuminyana kodaka. Umthamo womoya ucishe ukhuphuke umugqa oqondile; lapho okuqukethwe kwe-HPMC kudlula u-0.20%, okuqukethwe komoya akushintshi neze, okubonisa ukuthi umphumela wokungenisa umoya wodaka useduze nokugcwala. Umthelela wokungenisa umoya we-HPMC nge-viscosity ye-150 kanye ne-200 Pa·s inkulu kunaleyo ye-HPMC ene-viscosity engu-40 no-100 Pa·s.

Umphumela wokungenisa umoya we-cellulose ether unqunywa ngokuyinhloko ukwakheka kwawo kwamangqamuzana. I-cellulose ether inawo womabili amaqembu e-hydrophilic (i-hydroxyl, amaqembu e-ether) kanye namaqembu e-hydrophobic (amaqembu e-methyl, izindandatho ze-glucose), futhi i-surfactant. , inomsebenzi ongaphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela ibe nomthelela wokungenisa umoya. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, igesi eyethulwe ingasebenza njengebhola elithwala odakeni, ithuthukise ukusebenza kodaka, ikhulise ivolumu, futhi ikhulise okukhiphayo, okuzuzisa umenzi. Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, umphumela wokungenisa umoya ukhulisa okuqukethwe komoya kodaka kanye ne-porosity ngemva kokuqina, okuholela ekwandeni kwama-pores ayingozi futhi kunciphise kakhulu izakhiwo zemishini. Nakuba i-HPMC inomphumela othile wokungenisa umoya, ayikwazi ukumiselela i-ejenti yokungenisa umoya. Ukwengeza, lapho i-HPMC kanye ne-ejenti yokungenisa umoya kusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-ejenti yokungenisa umoya ingase yehluleke.

2.3 Umthelela we-HPMC ezicini zemishini zodaka lukasimende

Kusukela ku-28d amandla aguquguqukayo kanye namandla okucindezela angu-28d, kungabonakala ukuthi uma inani le-HPMC liyi-0.05% kuphela, amandla okuguquguquka odaka ayancipha kakhulu, okungaba ngu-25% ngaphansi kwesampula engenalutho ngaphandle kwe-HPMC, futhi amandla acindezelayo angaba kuphela Finyelela ku-65% wesampula engenalutho. 80%. Uma okuqukethwe kwe-HPMC kudlula u-0.20%, izinga lokuncipha kwamandla aguquguqukayo namandla okucindezela odaka alibonakali. I-viscosity ye-HPMC inomphumela omncane kuzakhiwo zemishini zodaka. I-HPMC yethula amabhamuza omoya amaningi amancane, futhi umphumela wokungenisa umoya odakeni ukhuphula i-porosity yangaphakathi nezimbotshana eziyingozi zodaka, okuholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwamandla okucindezela namandla okuguquguquka. Esinye isizathu sokuncipha kwamandla odaka umphumela wokugcina amanzi we-cellulose ether, ogcina amanzi odaka oluqinile, futhi isilinganiso esikhulu se-water-binder siholela ekwehleni kwamandla ebhulokhi yokuhlola. Ngodaka lokwakhiwa kwemishini, nakuba i-cellulose ether ingakhuphula ngokuphawulekayo izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi odaka futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kwayo, uma inani likhulu kakhulu, lizothinta kakhulu izakhiwo zemishini yodaka, ngakho ubudlelwano phakathi kwalokhu kokubili kufanele kukalwe ngokunengqondo.

Kusukela esilinganisweni sokugoqa sezinsuku ezingama-28, kungabonakala ukuthi ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC, isilinganiso sokugoqa sesisonke sodaka sibonisa inkambiso ekhulayo, okuwubudlelwano bomugqa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-cellulose ether eyengeziwe yethula inani elikhulu lamabhamuza omoya, okubangela ukukhubazeka okwengeziwe ngaphakathi kodaka, okuholela ekwehleni okubukhali kwamandla okucindezela odaka, futhi nakuba amandla okuguquguquka nawo ehla ngezinga elithile; kodwa i-cellulose ether ingathuthukisa ukuguquguquka kodaka futhi imelane Amandla okugoqa ayathandeka, okwenza izinga lokuncipha lihambe kancane. Uma kucatshangelwa kabanzi, umphumela ohlangene walokhu kokubili uphumela ekwenyukeni kwesilinganiso sokugoqa.

2.4 Umthelela we-HPMC kusayizi wezimbotshana zodaka

Amajika wokusabalalisa usayizi wezimbotshana wamaqembu amane amasampula A, B, C no-D akalwa nge-mercury intrusion porosimetry.

Ngokwejika lokusabalalisa usayizi wezimbotshana, idatha yokusabalalisa usayizi wezimbotshana kanye nemingcele yezibalo ehlukahlukene yamasampula e-AD, i-HPMC inethonya elikhulu esakhiweni sezimbotshana zodaka lukasimende:

(1) Ngemva kokwengeza i-HPMC, ubukhulu bembotshana yodaka lukasimende bukhula kakhulu. Ejini lokusabalalisa usayizi wezimbotshana, indawo yesithombe iya kwesokudla, futhi inani lembotshana elihambisana nenani eliphakeme liba likhulu. Futhi kusukela kudatha yezibalo yokusatshalaliswa kosayizi wembotshana kanye nosayizi wembotshana omaphakathi emiphumeleni yokuhlola yemingcele ehlukahlukene yezibalo, kungabonakala ukuthi usayizi wembotshana omaphakathi wodaka lukasimende ngemva kokwengeza i-HPMC mkhulu kakhulu kunalowo wesampula elingenalutho, futhi kusampula enomthamo ongu-0.3% Imbobo yenani ingama-oda angu-2 obukhulu ngaphezu kwalawo esampula elingenalutho.

(2) Wu Zhongwei et al. ihlukanise izimbotshana zikakhonkolo zibe izinhlobo ezine, okuyizimbotshana ezingenabungozi (≤20 nm), izimbotshana ezimbalwa eziyingozi (20-100 nm), izimbotshana eziyingozi (100-200 nm) nezimbotshana eziningi eziyingozi (≥200 nm). 200 nm). Kusukela kudatha yezibalo zokusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezimbotshana kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa yemingcele yezibalo ehlukahlukene, kungabonakala ukuthi inani lezimbotshana ezingenabungozi noma izimbotshana eziyingozi kakhulu lincishiswa kakhulu, futhi inani lezimbotshana eziyingozi noma izimbotshana eziyingozi kakhulu liyakhuphuka ngemuva kokwengeza i-HPMC. Izimbotshana ezingenabungozi noma ezingalimazi kangako zesampula ngaphandle kwe-HPMC cishe zingu-49.4%, futhi izimbotshana ezingenabungozi noma ezingenabungozi zincishiswa kakhulu ngemva kokwengeza i-HPMC. Ukuthatha umthamo we-0.1% njengesibonelo, izimbotshana ezingenabungozi noma ezingenabungozi zincishiswa cishe ngama-45%. , inani lezimbotshana eziyingozi ezinkulu kuno-10μm inyuke cishe izikhathi eziyisi-9.

3) Ububanzi bembotshana obuphakathi, ububanzi bembotshana obuphakathi, ivolumu yembotshana ethile kanye nendawo ethile engaphezulu akulandeli umthetho oqinile wokushintsha ngokunyuka kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC, okungase kuhlobane nokuhlakazwa okukhulu kokukhethwa kwesampula ekuhlolweni komjovo we-mercury. Kodwa sekukonke, i-median pore diameter, i-avareji yobubanzi bembotshana kanye nevolumu yembotshana ethile yesampula exutshwe ne-HPMC ivame ukukhula uma iqhathaniswa nesampula engenalutho, kuyilapho indawo ethile iyancipha.

3. Isiphetho

(1) Izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi odaka liyakhuphuka ngokunyuka kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC. Amajika e-cellulose ether ane-viscosities ye-100, 150 kanye ne-200 Pa·S ziyafana, futhi izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi likhulu kuno-93% uma okuqukethwe kungu-0.15%. Lapho okuqukethwe 40 Pa·I-cellulose ether inkulu kuno-0.15%, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi liphansi kunelezinye izinhlobo ezintathu ze-viscosity HPMC.

(2) Ukuminyana kodaka kuncipha kancane kancane ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC, futhi okuqukethwe ngu-0.05%. Ukwehla kokuminyana kusobala kakhulu ku-0.20%, cishe ngo-20%; lapho okuqukethwe kudlula u-0.20%, ukuminyana akushintsha neze; okuqukethwe komoya kodaka kukhuphuka ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC.

(3) Ukwenyuka kokuqukethwe kwe-HPMC ngokusobala kuzonciphisa izakhiwo zemishini zodaka lukasimende, kodwa isilinganiso esihambisanayo sokugoqa sodaka sizokhula, futhi ukuguquguquka kodaka kuzoba ngcono.

(4) Ngemva kokwengeza i-HPMC, ubukhulu bembotshana yodaka bukhula kakhulu, futhi ingxenye yezimbotshana eziyingozi kanye nezimbotshana eziningi eziyingozi zikhula kakhulu. Isampula enokuqukethwe okungu-0.1% kwe-HPMC yehle cishe ngo-45% uma iqhathaniswa nesampula engenalutho engenazo noma ngaphansi kwezimbotshana eziyingozi, kanye nenani lezimbobo eziyingozi ezingaphezu kuka-10.μm ikhuphuke izikhathi ezingaba ngu-9.