Ithonya lezici ezifana nokuguqulwa kwe-viscosity ye-hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC), kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ishintshiwe noma cha, futhi ukuguqulwa kokuqukethwe ekucindezelekeni kwesivuno kanye ne-viscosity yepulasitiki yodaka olusha lukasimende lwafundwa. Ku-HEMC engashintshiwe, i-viscosity ephakeme kakhulu, iyancipha ukucindezeleka kwesivuno kanye ne-plastiki viscosity yodaka; ithonya lokuguqulwa kwe-viscosity ye-HEMC eguquliwe ezindaweni ze-rheological zodaka libuthakathaka; kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ishintshiwe noma cha, i-viscosity ephezulu ye-HEMC iphakeme, iphansi kakhulu Umphumela wokuvinjelwa kokucindezeleka kwesivuno kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-viscosity yepulasitiki yodaka kubonakala ngokucacile. Lapho okuqukethwe kwe-HEMC kukhulu kune-0.3%, ukucindezeleka kwesivuno kanye ne-viscosity yepulasitiki yokwanda kodaka ngokunyuka kokuqukethwe; lapho okuqukethwe kwe-HEMC kukhulu, ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka kuncipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi ububanzi be-viscosity yepulasitiki bukhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Amagama angukhiye: i-hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, udaka olusha, izakhiwo ze-rheological, ukucindezeleka kwesivuno, i-plastiki viscosity
I. Isingeniso
Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bokwakha udaka, ukunakwa okwengeziwe sekukhokhelwe ekwakhiweni kwemishini. Ukuthutha okuma mpo kwebanga elide kubeka phambili izidingo ezintsha zodaka olumpontshwa: uketshezi oluhle kufanele lugcinwe kuyo yonke inqubo yokumpompa. Lokhu kudinga ukutadisha izici ezithonya kanye nezimo ezivimbelayo zokuguquguquka kodaka, futhi indlela evamile iwukubona imingcele ye-rheological yodaka.
Izici ze-rheological zodaka ikakhulukazi zincike emvelweni kanye nenani lezinto zokusetshenziswa. I-Cellulose ether iyinhlanganisela esetshenziswa kabanzi odakeni lwezimboni, olunethonya elikhulu ezicini ze-rheological zodaka, ngakho-ke izazi zasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe zenze ucwaningo oluthile ngakho. Kafushane, iziphetho ezilandelayo zingafinyelelwa: ukwanda kwenani le-cellulose ether kuzoholela ekwandeni kwe-torque yokuqala yodaka, kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi sokunyakaziswa, ukumelana nokugeleza kodaka kuzokwehla esikhundleni (1) ; lapho i-fluidity yokuqala ifana ngokuyisisekelo, uketshezi lodaka luzolahleka kuqala. ukwanda ngemva kokuncipha (2); amandla okukhiqiza kanye ne-viscosity yepulasitiki yodaka kwabonisa inkambiso yokwehla kuqala bese yanda, futhi i-cellulose ether yakhuthaza ukucekelwa phansi kwesakhiwo sodaka futhi yandisa isikhathi kusukela ekubhujisweni kuya ekwakhiweni kabusha (3); I-Ether kanye nempushana ejiyile ine-viscosity ephakeme nokuzinza njll. (4). Nokho, lezi zifundo ezingenhla zisenamaphutha:
Izindinganiso zokulinganisa nezinqubo zezazi ezehlukene azifani, futhi imiphumela yokuhlola ayikwazi ukuqhathaniswa ngokunembile; ububanzi bokuhlola bensimbi bulinganiselwe, futhi imingcele ye-rheological yodaka olulinganisiwe inobubanzi obuncane bokuhlukahluka, okungameleli kabanzi; kukhona ukuntuleka kokuhlolwa okuqhathanisayo kuma-cellulose ethers ane-viscosity ehlukene; Kunezici eziningi ezinethonya, futhi ukuphindaphinda akukuhle. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukubonakala kwe-rheometer ye-Viskomat XL ye-mortar kunikeze lula okukhulu ekunqumeni okunembile kwezakhiwo ze-rheological zodaka. Inezinzuzo zezinga eliphezulu lokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, umthamo omkhulu, ububanzi bokuhlola, kanye nemiphumela yokuhlola ngokuhambisana nezimo zangempela. Kuleli phepha, ngokusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwalolu hlobo lwensimbi, imiphumela yocwaningo yezazi ezikhona iyahlanganiswa, futhi uhlelo lokuhlola lwakhiwe ukuze kufundwe umphumela wezinhlobo ezahlukene namaviscosities e-hydroxyethyl methylcellulose (HEMC) ku-rheology of mortar in. ububanzi bomthamo omkhulu. umthelela wokusebenza.
2. Imodeli ye-Rheological yodaka olusha lukasimende
Njengoba i-rheology yethulwa kusimende nesayensi kakhonkolo, inani elikhulu locwaningo libonise ukuthi ukhonkolo omusha nodaka kungabhekwa njengoketshezi lwe-Bingham, futhi u-Banfill wachaza kabanzi ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukusebenzisa imodeli ye-Bingham ukuchaza izakhiwo ze-rheological zodaka (5). Ku-rheological equation τ=τ0+μγ yemodeli ye-Bingham, τ ukucindezelwa kwe-shear, τ0 ukucindezelwa kwesivuno, u-μ yi-viscosity yepulasitiki, futhi γ izinga lokugunda. Phakathi kwazo, u-τ0 kanye no-μ yimingcele emibili ebaluleke kakhulu: τ0 ubuncane bengcindezi ye-shear engenza udaka lukasimende lugeleze, futhi kuphela uma u-τ>τ0 esebenza odakeni, udaka lungageleza; U-μ ubonisa ukumelana ne-viscous lapho udaka lugeleza Uma umkhulu u-μ, udaka luhamba kancane [3]. Esimeni lapho kokubili okuthi τ0 kanye no-μ kungaziwa, ukucindezelwa kokugunda kufanele kukalwe okungenani amanani amabili ahlukene okugunda ngaphambi kokuba kubalwe (6).
Ku-rheometer yosimende enikeziwe, ijika le-NT elitholwe ngokubeka izinga lokuzungezisa i-blade N kanye nokulinganisa i-torque T ekhiqizwe ukumelana kwe-shear kodaka ingasetshenziswa futhi ukubala enye i-equation T=g+ evumelana nemodeli ye-Bingham Imingcele emibili. g kanye ne-h ye-Nh. g ilingana nengcindezi yesivuno τ0, h ilingana ne-viscosity yepulasitiki μ, kanye no-τ0 = (K/G) g, μ = ( l / G ) h, lapho u-G ehlobene njalo nethuluzi, futhi u-K anga dluliswa ngokugeleza okwaziwayo Itholakala ngokulungisa uketshezi olunezici zalo ezishintshayo ngesilinganiso sokugunda[7]. Ukuze kube lula, leli phepha lixoxa ngokuqondile ngo-g no-h, futhi lisebenzisa umthetho oshintshayo ka-g no-h ukuze kuboniswe umthetho oshintshayo wengcindezi yesivuno kanye ne-plastic viscosity of mortar.
3. Isivivinyo
3.1 Izinto ezisetshenziswayo
3.2 isihlabathi
Isihlabathi se-quartz: isihlabathi esimahhadlahhadla singama-20-40 mesh, isihlabathi esimaphakathi singama-40-70 mesh, isihlabathi esihle singama-70-100 mesh, kanti lezi zintathu zixutshwe ngesilinganiso esingu-2:2:1.
3.3 I-cellulose ether
I-Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose HEMC20 (viscosity 20000 mPa s), HEMC25 (viscosity 25000 mPa s), HEMC40 (viscosity 40000 mPa s), kanye ne-HEMC45 (viscosity 45000 mPa s), lapho i-HEMC4 iseli eshintshiwe futhi i-HEMC525 i-ether.
3.4 Ukuhlanganisa amanzi
amanzi kampompi.
3.5 Uhlelo lokuhlola
Isilinganiso se-lime-sand singu-1: 2.5, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kugxilwe ku-60% wokusetshenziswa kwe-cement, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-HEMC kungu-0-1.2% wokusetshenziswa kukasimende.
Okokuqala hlanganisa usimende okalwe ngokunembile, i-HEMC nesihlabathi sequartz ngokulinganayo, bese wengeza amanzi okuxuba ngokwe-GB/T17671-1999 bese ugoqoza, bese usebenzisa i-rheometer yodaka lwe-Viskomat XL ukuhlola. Inqubo yokuhlola yile: ijubane likhuphuka ngokushesha lisuka ku-0 liye ku-80rpm ku-0 ~ 5min, 60rpm ku-5 ~ 7min, 40rpm ku-7 ~ 9min, 20rpm ku-9 ~ 11min, 10rpm ku-11 ~ 13min, kanye no-5rpm ku-13 ~ 15min. I-15 ~ 30min, ijubane ngu-0rpm, bese ujikeleza kanye njalo ngemizuzu engama-30 ngokuya ngenqubo engenhla, futhi isikhathi sokuhlola esiphelele yi-120min.
4. Imiphumela kanye nengxoxo
4.1 Umthelela wenguquko ye-HEMC ye-viscosity kuzakhiwo ze-rheological zodaka lukasimende
(Inani le-HEMC liyi-0.5% yesisindo sikasimende), ngokuhambisanayo ebonisa umthetho wokuhluka kokucindezeleka kwesivuno kanye ne-viscosity yepulasitiki yodaka. Kungabonakala ukuthi nakuba i-viscosity ye-HEMC40 iphakeme kunaleyo ye-HEMC20, ukucindezelwa kwesivuno kanye ne-viscosity yepulasitiki yodaka oluxutshwe ne-HEMC40 iphansi kunaleyo yodaka oluxutshwe ne-HEMC20; nakuba i-viscosity ye-HEMC45 iphakeme ngo-80% kune-HEMC25, ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka kuphansi kancane, futhi i-viscosity yepulasitiki iphakathi Emva kwemizuzu engu-90 kwaba nokwanda. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuphakama kwe-viscosity ye-cellulose ether, izinga lokuncibilika lihamba kancane, futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi udaka olulungiswe ngalo lufinyelele i-viscosity yokugcina [8]. Ukwengeza, ngesikhathi esifanayo esivivinyweni, ukuminyana kwenqwaba yodaka oluxutshwe ne-HEMC40 kwakuphansi kunalolo lodaka oluxutshwe ne-HEMC20, kanti lolodaka oluxutshwe ne-HEMC45 lwaluphansi kunalolo lodaka oluxutshwe ne-HEMC25, okubonisa ukuthi i-HEMC40 ne-HEMC45 yethule amabhamuza omoya engeziwe, namabhamuza omoya odakeni anomphumela ” “Ibhola,” obuye wehlise ukumelana nokugeleza kodaka.
Ngemva kokwengeza i-HEMC40, ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka kwakulinganiselwe ngemva kwemizuzu engu-60, futhi i-viscosity yepulasitiki yanda; ngemva kokwengeza i-HEMC20, ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka kwafinyelela ukulingana ngemva kwemizuzu engu-30, futhi i-viscosity yepulasitiki yanda. Kubonisa ukuthi i-HEMC40 inomphumela omkhulu wokuvinjelwa ekuthuthukisweni kokucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka kanye ne-viscosity yepulasitiki kune-HEMC20, futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside ukufinyelela i-viscosity yokugcina.
Ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka oluxubene ne-HEMC45 kwehle ukusuka ku-0 kuya kumaminithi we-120, futhi i-viscosity yepulasitiki yanda ngemva kwemizuzu engu-90; ngenkathi ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka oluxubene ne-HEMC25 kwanda ngemva kwemizuzu engu-90, futhi i-viscosity yepulasitiki yanda ngemva kwemizuzu engu-60. Kubonisa ukuthi i-HEMC45 inomphumela omkhulu wokuvinjelwa ekuthuthukisweni kokucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka kanye ne-viscosity yepulasitiki kune-HEMC25, futhi isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kufinyelelwe i-viscosity yokugcina naso side.
4.2 Umphumela wokuqukethwe kwe-HEMC ekucindezelweni kwesivuno sodaka lukasimende
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, izici ezithinta ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka yilezi: ukwakheka kodaka nokopha, ukulimala kwesakhiwo ngokunyakazisa, ukwakheka kwemikhiqizo ye-hydration, ukuncishiswa komswakama wamahhala odaka, kanye nomphumela wokuvinjelwa kwe-cellulose ether. Ngomthelela wokuhlehlisa we-cellulose ether, umbono owamukeleka kakhulu ukuwuchaza ngokufakwa kwe-adsorption kwezingxube.
Kungabonakala ukuthi uma i-HEMC40 yengezwa futhi okuqukethwe kwayo kungaphansi kuka-0.3%, ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka kuncipha kancane kancane ngokunyuka kokuqukethwe kwe-HEMC40; lapho okuqukethwe kwe-HEMC40 kukhulu kuno-0.3%, ingcindezi yesivuno sodaka ikhula kancane kancane. Ngenxa yokopha kanye ne-delamination yodaka ngaphandle kwe-cellulose ether, akukho ukunamathisela kukasimende okwanele phakathi kwama-aggregates ukuze kugcotshwe, okuholela ekwandeni kokucindezeleka kwesivuno nobunzima bokugeleza. Ukwengezwa okufanele kwe-cellulose ether kungathuthukisa ngokuphumelelayo ukwenzeka kwe-delamination ye-mortar, futhi amabhamuza omoya athulwe alingana "namabhola" amancane, anganciphisa ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka futhi enze kube lula ukugeleza. Njengoba okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether kwanda, umswakama wawo ongashintshi nawo ukhula kancane kancane. Lapho okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether kudlula inani elithile, ithonya lokunciphisa umswakama wamahhala liqala ukudlala indima ehamba phambili, futhi ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka kukhula kancane kancane.
Lapho inani le-HEMC40 lingaphansi kuka-0.3%, ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka kuncipha kancane kancane phakathi kuka-0-120min, okuhlobene kakhulu nokuqhekeka okwandayo kodaka, ngenxa yokuthi kunebanga elithile phakathi kwe-blade nephansi. insimbi, kanye ne-aggregate ngemva kokucwila kwe-delamination kuya phansi, ukumelana okuphezulu kuba kuncane; lapho okuqukethwe kwe-HEMC40 kungu-0.3%, udaka ngeke lucishe, i-adsorption ye-cellulose ether ilinganiselwe, i-hydration ibusa, futhi ukucindezeleka kwesivuno kunokwanda okuthile; okuqukethwe kwe-HEMC40 kungukuthi Lapho okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether kungu-0.5% -0.7%, i-adsorption ye-cellulose ether ikhula kancane kancane, izinga le-hydration liyancipha, futhi umkhuba wokuthuthukiswa wokucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka uqala ukushintsha; Phezulu, izinga lokuphuza amanzi liphansi futhi ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka kuncipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
4.3 Umthelela wokuqukethwe kwe-HEMC ku-viscosity yepulasitiki yodaka lukasimende
Kungabonakala ukuthi ngemva kokwengeza i-HEMC40, i-viscosity yepulasitiki yodaka ikhula kancane kancane ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-HEMC40. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-cellulose ether inomphumela wokuqina, ongakhuphula i-viscosity yoketshezi, futhi umthamo omkhulu, i-viscosity yodaka inkulu. Isizathu sokuthi kungani i-viscosity yepulasitiki ye-mortar iyancipha ngemva kokwengeza i-0.1% HEMC40 futhi kungenxa yomphumela "webhola" wokwethulwa kwamabhamuza omoya, nokunciphisa ukopha kanye ne-delamination yodaka.
I-viscosity yepulasitiki yodaka olujwayelekile ngaphandle kokwengeza i-cellulose ether kancane kancane iyancipha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ebuye ihlotshaniswe nokuminyana okuphansi kwengxenye engenhla ebangelwa ukufakwa kodaka; lapho okuqukethwe kwe-HEMC40 kungu-0.1% -0.5%, ukwakheka kodaka akufani, futhi ukwakheka kodaka kufana nemva kwemizuzu engama-30. I-viscosity yepulasitiki ayishintshi kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, ikhombisa ngokuyinhloko umphumela we-viscosity we-cellulose ether ngokwayo; ngemuva kokuthi okuqukethwe kwe-HEMC40 kukhulu kuno-0.7%, i-viscosity yepulasitiki yodaka ikhula kancane kancane ngokwanda kwesikhathi, ngoba i-viscosity yodaka nayo ihlobene ne-cellulose ether. I-viscosity yesisombululo se-cellulose ether ikhula kancane kancane phakathi nenkathi yesikhathi ngemva kokuqala kokuxuba. Umthamo omkhulu, umphumela wokukhuphuka uphawuleka kakhulu.
V. Isiphetho
Izici ezifana nokuguqulwa kwe-viscosity ye-HEMC, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ishintshiwe noma cha, futhi ukuguqulwa kwesilinganiso kuzothinta kakhulu izakhiwo ze-rheological zodaka, ezingaboniswa yimingcele emibili yokucindezeleka kwesivuno kanye ne-plastiki viscosity.
Ku-HEMC engashintshiwe, i-viscosity enkulu, iyancipha ukucindezeleka kwesivuno kanye ne-plastiki viscosity yodaka ngaphakathi kwe-0-120min; ithonya lokuguqulwa kwe-viscosity ye-HEMC eguquliwe ezindaweni ze-rheological of mortar ibuthakathaka kune-HEMC engashintshiwe; kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuguqulwa Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungunaphakade noma cha, i-viscosity enkulu ye-HEMC, okubaluleke kakhulu umphumela wokulibaziseka ekuthuthukiseni ukucindezeleka kwesivuno se-mortar kanye ne-viscosity yepulasitiki.
Uma ungeza i-HEMC40 nge-viscosity engu-40000mPa·s futhi okuqukethwe kwayo kukhulu kuno-0.3%, ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka kukhula kancane kancane; lapho okuqukethwe kudlula i-0.9%, ukucindezeleka kwesivuno sodaka kuqala ukukhombisa umkhuba wokuncipha kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi; I-viscosity yepulasitiki iyanda ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-HEMC40. Lapho okuqukethwe kungaphezu kuka-0.7%, i-viscosity yepulasitiki yodaka iqala ukukhombisa umkhuba wokukhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-24-2022