I-Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC) namanye ama-cellulose ethers (afana ne-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), i-methylcellulose (MC), i-hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) kanye ne-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)) ama-polymers asebenzayo asetshenziswa kabanzi embonini, ekwakhiweni, emuthini, ekudleni nansuku zonke. izimboni zamakhemikhali. Lezi zinto eziphuma ku-cellulose zenziwe nge-cellulose eshintsha amakhemikhali futhi zinokuncibilika kahle kwamanzi, ukuqina, ukuzinza kanye nezakhiwo zefilimu.
1. I-Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC)
1.1 Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali Nezakhiwo
I-Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC) yenziwe nge-hydroxyethylation ye-cellulose ne-ethylene oxide ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkali. Isakhiwo esiyisisekelo se-HEC isibopho se-ether esakhiwe ngokushintshwa kweqembu le-hydroxyl ku-molecule ye-cellulose ngeqembu le-hydroxyethyl. Lesi sakhiwo sinikeza i-HEC izakhiwo ezihlukile:
Ukunyibilika kwamanzi: I-HEC inyibilika emanzini abandayo nashisayo ukuze yakhe isixazululo se-colloidal esisobala.
Ukuqina: I-HEC inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokuqina futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukulawulwa kwe-viscosity.
Ukuzinza: Isixazululo se-HEC sinokuzinza okuphezulu kumabanga ahlukene we-pH.
I-Biocompatibility: I-HEC ayinabo ubuthi, ayicasuli, futhi inobungane emzimbeni womuntu kanye nemvelo.
1.2 Izinkambu zokufaka isicelo
Izinto zokwakha: ezisetshenziswa njenge-thickener kanye ne-ejenti yokugcina amanzi odakeni lukasimende nemikhiqizo yegypsum.
Ama-coatings namapende: asetshenziswa njenge-thickener, i-ejenti elengayo kanye nesiqinisi.
Amakhemikhali ansuku zonke: asetshenziswa njengokuqina ezidingweni zansuku zonke njengezihlanzi namashampoos.
Inkundla yezemithi: isetshenziswa njenge-adhesive, thickener kanye ne-ejenti yokumisa amaphilisi ezidakamizwa.
1.3 Okuhle nokubi
Izinzuzo: ukuncibilika kahle kwamanzi, ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali, ukuguquguquka okubanzi kwe-pH kanye nokungabi nobuthi.
Ukungalungi: ukungancibiliki kahle kwezinye izincibilikisi, futhi intengo ingase ibe phezulu kancane kunamanye ama-cellulose ethers.
2. Ukuqhathaniswa kwamanye ama-cellulose ethers
2.1 IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)
2.1.1 Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo
I-HPMC yenziwe nge-cellulose ngokusabela kwe-methylation kanye ne-hydroxypropylation. Isakhiwo sayo siqukethe kokubili okushintshiwe kwe-methoxy (-OCH3) kanye ne-hydroxypropoxy (-OCH2CH(OH)CH3).
Ukuncibilika kwamanzi: I-HPMC incibilika emanzini abandayo ukuze yakhe isixazululo se-colloidal esisobala; ayincibiliki kahle emanzini ashisayo.
Impahla ejiyayo: Inekhono elihle lokujiya.
I-Gelling properties: Yakha ijeli lapho ifudunyezwa futhi ibuyela esimweni sayo sokuqala lapho ipholile.
2.1.2 Izindawo zokufaka izicelo
Izinto zokwakha: Isetshenziswa njenge-thiener kanye ne-ejenti yokugcina amanzi ezintweni ezisekelwe kusimende kanye ne-gypsum.
Ukudla: Kusetshenziswa njenge-emulsifier kanye ne-stabilizer.
Umuthi: Isetshenziswa njenge-excipient kuma-capsules namaphilisi emithi.
2.1.3 Okuhle nokubi
Izinzuzo: Ukusebenza okuhle kokuqina kanye nezakhiwo ze-gelling.
Ukubi: Izwela izinga lokushisa futhi ingase yehluleke ekusetshenzisweni kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu.
2.2 I-Methyl cellulose (MC)
2.2.1 Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo
I-MC itholakala nge-methylation ye-cellulose futhi ikakhulukazi iqukethe ama-methoxy (-OCH3) esikhundleni.
Ukunyibilika kwamanzi: incibilika kahle emanzini abandayo ukuze yakhe isixazululo se-colloidal esisobala.
Ukuqina: kunomphumela wokujiya obalulekile.
I-Thermal Gelation: yakha ijeli lapho ifudumala futhi i-degel lapho ipholile.
2.2.2 Izindawo zokufaka izicelo
Impahla yokwakha: isetshenziswa njenge-thickener kanye nesigcinamanzi sodaka nopende.
Ukudla: kusetshenziswa njenge-emulsifier kanye ne-stabilizer.
2.2.3 Okuhle nokubi
Izinzuzo: ikhono eliqinile lokuqina, elivame ukusetshenziswa kubuchwepheshe bokucubungula okubandayo.
Ukungalungi: izwela ukushisa, ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
2.3 I-Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC)
2.3.1 Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezakhiwo
I-HPC itholakala nge-hydroxypropyl cellulose. Isakhiwo sayo siqukethe i-hydroxypropoxy (-OCH2CH(OH)CH3).
Ukunyibilika kwamanzi: incibilika emanzini abandayo nasezincibilikisini eziphilayo.
Ukuqina: ukusebenza kahle kokuqina.
Isakhiwo sokwenza ifilimu: yakha ifilimu eqinile.
2.3.2 Izinkambu zokufaka isicelo
Umuthi: usetshenziswa njengezinto zokunameka kanye nesamukeli sethebhulethi sezidakamizwa.
Ukudla: kusetshenziswa njenge-thickener ne-stabilizer.
2.3.3 Okuhle nokubi
Izinzuzo: i-multi-solvent solubility kanye nesakhiwo esihle kakhulu sokwenza ifilimu.
Ukungalungi: intengo ephezulu.
2.4 I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
2.4.1 Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali nezici
I-CMC yenziwa ngokuphendula i-cellulose nge-chloroacetic acid, futhi iqukethe iqembu le-carboxymethyl (-CH2COOH) esakhiweni sayo.
Ukunyibilika kwamanzi: kuncibilika emanzini abandayo nasemanzini ashisayo.
Isakhiwo esishubile: umphumela wokujiya obalulekile.
I-Ionity: ingeye-anionic cellulose ether.
2.4.2 Izinkambu zokufaka isicelo
Ukudla: kusetshenziswa njenge-thickener ne-stabilizer.
Amakhemikhali ansuku zonke: asetshenziswa njenge-thickener yokuhlanza.
Ukwenza iphepha: isetshenziswa njengesengezo sokumboza iphepha.
2.4.3 Okuhle nokubi
Izinzuzo: ukujiya okuhle kanye nezinkambu zokufaka ezibanzi.
Ukungalungi: ukuzwela kuma-electrolyte, ama-ion esisombululo angathinta ukusebenza.
3. Ukuqhathanisa okuphelele
3.1 Ukuqinisa ukusebenza
I-HEC ne-HPMC zinokusebenza okufanayo kokuqina futhi zombili zinomphumela omuhle wokujiya. Kodwa-ke, i-HEC inokunyibilika okungcono kwamanzi futhi ilungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukucaca nokucasuka okuncane. I-HPMC iwusizo kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukushisisa ijeli ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ze-thermogel.
3.2 Ukuncibilika kwamanzi
I-HEC ne-CMC zombili zingancibilika emanzini abandayo nashisayo, kuyilapho i-HPMC ne-MC zincibilika kakhulu emanzini abandayo. I-HPC ikhethwa uma ukuhambisana kwe-multi-solvent kuyadingeka.
3.3 Inani nebanga lesicelo
I-HEC ivamise ukuba nentengo emaphakathi futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi. Nakuba i-HPC inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu, imvamisa isetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezifunwa kakhulu ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphezulu. I-CMC inendawo ezinhlelweni eziningi ezishibhile ngezindleko zayo eziphansi nokusebenza okuhle.
IHydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) isiphenduke enye yama-cellulose ether asetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokuncibilika kahle kwamanzi, ukuzinza kanye nekhono lokujiya. Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-cellulose ethers, i-HEC inezinzuzo ezithile ekuncibilikeni kwamanzi nasekuzinzeni kwamakhemikhali, futhi ifanele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga izixazululo ezisobala kanye nokuguquguquka kwe-pH ebanzi. I-HPMC iphumelela kakhulu ezindaweni ezithile ngenxa yokujiya kwayo kanye nezakhiwo ezishisayo ezishisayo, kuyilapho i-HPC ne-CMC zithola isikhundla esibalulekile emikhakheni yazo yokufakwa kwezicelo ngokulandelana kwazo ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo zokwenza ifilimu kanye nezinzuzo zezindleko. Ngokuya ngezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza, ukukhetha i-cellulose ether efanele kungathuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-10-2024