I-cellulose ether kudaka oluzilinganisa

Imiphumela yei-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose etherku-fluidity, ukugcinwa kwamanzi namandla okubopha odaka lokuzilinganisa kwacwaningwa. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi i-HPMC ingathuthukisa ngempumelelo ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka oluzilinganisa futhi lunciphise ukungaguquguquki kodaka. Ukwethulwa kwe-HPMC kungathuthukisa amandla okubopha odaka, kodwa amandla acindezelayo, amandla aguquguqukayo kanye ne-fluidity kuyancishiswa. Ukuhlolwa kokuqhathanisa kwe-SEM kwenziwa kumasampula, futhi umphumela we-HPMC emthelela wokuhlehlisa, umphumela wokugcinwa kwamanzi namandla odaka kwachazwa ngokwengeziwe kusukela kunkambo ye-hydration kasimende ezinsukwini ezi-3 nezingu-28.

Amagama angukhiye:udaka lokuzilinganisa; I-cellulose ether; Uketshezi; Ukugcinwa kwamanzi

0. Isingeniso

Udaka oluzilinganisa ngokwalo lungathembela esisindweni salo ukwenza isisekelo esiyisicaba, esibushelelezi nesiqinile ku-substrate, ukuze kubekwe noma kuhlanganiswe ezinye izinto zokwakha, futhi kungenza indawo enkulu yokwakha kahle kakhulu, ngakho-ke, imali ephezulu isici esibaluleke kakhulu sodaka lokuzilinganisa; Ikakhulukazi njengevolumu enkulu, okuminyene okuqinisiwe noma igebe elingaphansi kuka-10 mm ukugcwaliswa ngemuva noma ukuqinisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokugawula. Ngokungeziwe ku-fluidity enhle, udaka oluzilinganisa kufanele lube nokugcinwa kwamanzi athile namandla ebhondi, kungabikho mkhuba wokuhlukanisa ukopha, futhi ube nezici zokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kwe-adiabatic nokuphansi.

Ngokuvamile, udaka oluzilinganisa ludinga uketshezi oluhle, kodwa uketshezi lwangempela lukasimende luvame ukuba ngu-10 ~ 12 cm kuphela. Udaka oluzilinganisa lungazihlanganisa ngokwalo, futhi isikhathi sokuqala sokusetha side futhi isikhathi sokugcina sokusetha sifushane. I-Cellulose ether ingenye yezithako eziyinhloko zodaka oluxutshwe ngomumo, nakuba inani elingeziwe liphansi kakhulu, kodwa lingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kodaka, lingathuthukisa ukuhambisana kodaka, ukusebenza kokusebenza, ukusebenza kwebhondi kanye nokusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi, indima ebaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wodaka osulungile.

1. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kanye nezindlela zocwaningo

1.1 Izinto ezingavuthiwe

(1) Ovamile P·O 42.5 grade usimende.

(2) Impahla yesihlabathi: Isihlabathi sasolwandle esihlanziwe i-Xiamen, usayizi wezinhlayiyana ngu-0.3 ~ 0.6mm, okuqukethwe kwamanzi ngu-1% ~ 2%, ukomiswa kokwenziwa.

(3) I-cellulose ether: i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether iwumkhiqizo we-hydroxyl esikhundleni se-methoxy ne-hydroxypropyl, ngokulandelana, ne-viscosity engu-300mpa·s. Njengamanje, iningi le-cellulose ether esetshenziswayo i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether ne-hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether.

(4) i-superplasticizer: i-polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer.

(5) Impushana ye-latex ehlakazeka kabusha: Uchungechunge lwe-HW5115 olukhiqizwe ngu-Henan Tiansheng Chemical Co., Ltd. i-latex powder ehlakazeka kabusha ehlanganiswe yi-VAC/VeoVa.

1.2 Izindlela zokuhlola

Ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngokuhambisana nezinga lembonini i-JC/T 985-2005 “Cement-based Self-leveling Mortar for Ground Use”. Isikhathi sokusetha sanqunywa ngokubhekisela ekuhambisaneni okujwayelekile kanye nesikhathi sokusetha sokunamathisela usimende we-JC/T 727. Isifanekiso sosimende esizilinganisayo esakha, ukugoba kanye nokuhlolwa kwamandla acindezelayo kubhekisela ku-GB/T 17671. Indlela yokuhlola yamandla ebhondi: Ibhulokhi yokuhlola udaka engu-80mmx80mmx20mm ilungiswa kusenesikhathi, futhi iminyaka yayo ingaphezu kwama-28d. Ubuso buqinile, futhi amanzi agcwele ebusweni ayasulwa ngemva kokumanziswa kwemizuzu eyi-10. Ucezu lokuhlola udaka luthelwa endaweni epholishiwe enosayizi ongu-40mmx40mmx10mm. Amandla ebhondi avivinywa ngeminyaka yokuklama.

I-Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) yasetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya i-morphology yezinto eziqinisekisiwe ngodaka. Esifundweni, indlela yokuxuba yazo zonke izinto ze-powder yilezi: okokuqala, izinto ze-powder zengxenye ngayinye zixutshwe ngokulinganayo, bese zengezwa emanzini ahlongozwayo ukuze kuhlanganiswe umfaniswano. Umthelela we-cellulose ether odakeni oluzilinganisa ngokwalo wahlaziywa ngamandla, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, uketshezi kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-SEM microscopic.

2. Imiphumela kanye nokuhlaziya

2.1 Ukuhamba

I-Cellulose ether inomthelela obalulekile ekugcineni amanzi, ukungaguquguquki kanye nokusebenza kokwakhiwa kodaka lokuzilinganisa. Ikakhulukazi njengodaka oluzilinganisa, uketshezi lungenye yezinkomba eziyinhloko zokuhlola ukusebenza kodaka lokuzilinganisa. Ngokwesisekelo sokuqinisekisa ukubunjwa okujwayelekile kodaka, ukugcwala kodaka kungalungiswa ngokushintsha okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether.

Ngokukhuphuka kokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether. I-fluidity yodaka iyancipha kancane kancane. Uma umthamo ungu-0.06%, uketshezi lodaka lwehla ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-8, futhi lapho umthamo ungu-0.08%, uketshezi lwehla ngaphezu kuka-13.5%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokunwetshwa kweminyaka, umthamo ophezulu ubonisa ukuthi inani le-cellulose ether kufanele lilawulwe phakathi kwebanga elithile, umthamo ophezulu kakhulu uzoletha imiphumela engemihle ku-mortar fluidity. Amanzi nosimende odakeni kwenza udaka oluhlanzekile ukugcwalisa igebe lesihlabathi, futhi ukugoqa esihlabathini ukudlala indima yokugcoba, ukuze udaka lube noketshezi oluthile. Ngokwethulwa kwe-cellulose ether, okuqukethwe kwamanzi amahhala ohlelweni kuncishisiwe, futhi ungqimba lokumboza odongeni lwangaphandle lwesihlabathi luyancishiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ukugeleza kodaka. Ngenxa yesidingo sodaka oluzilinganisa ngokwalo olunoketshezi oluphezulu, inani le-cellulose ether kufanele lilawulwe ngebanga elinengqondo.

2.2 Ukugcina Amanzi

Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka kuyinkomba ebalulekile yokukala ukuzinza kwezingxenye odakeni olusanda kuxutshwa usimende. Ukwengeza inani elifanele le-cellulose ether kungathuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka. Ukuze wenze ukusabela kwe-hydration yezinto zika-cementing ngokugcwele, inani elifanele le-cellulose ether lingagcina amanzi odakeni isikhathi eside ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukusabela kwe-hydration yezinto zokuhlanganisa kungenziwa ngokugcwele.

I-cellulose ether ingasetshenziswa njenge-ejenti egcina amanzi ngoba ama-athomu omoya-mpilo ku-hydroxyl ne-ether bond ahlotshaniswa nama-molecule amanzi ukuze akhe izibopho ze-hydrogen, okwenza amanzi amahhala abe amanzi ahlangene. Kungabonakala ebudlelwaneni phakathi kokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether kanye nezinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi odaka ukuthi izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi odaka likhuphuka ngokunyuka kokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether. Umphumela wokugcina amanzi we-cellulose ether ungavimbela i-substrate ekumunceni amanzi amaningi kakhulu futhi ashesha kakhulu, futhi ivimbele ukuhwamuka kwamanzi, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise ukuthi imvelo ye-slurry inikeza amanzi anele okufaka usimende. Kukhona futhi izifundo ezibonisa ukuthi ngaphezu kwenani le-cellulose ether, i-viscosity yayo (isisindo samangqamuzana) nayo inomthelela omkhulu ekugcinweni kwamanzi odaka, i-viscosity enkulu, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kangcono. I-Cellulose ether ene-viscosity engu-400 MPa·S ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa udaka oluzilinganisa, olungathuthukisa ukusebenza kokuleveliswa kodaka futhi kuthuthukise ukubumbana kodaka. Uma i-viscosity idlula 40000 MPa·S, ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi akusathuthukisiwe kakhulu, futhi akusafaneleki udaka oluzilinganisa.

Kulolu cwaningo, amasampula odaka olune-cellulose ether nodaka olungenayo i-cellulose ether athathwe. Ingxenye yamasampula yayingamasampuli weminyaka engu-3d, kanti enye ingxenye yamasampula eminyaka engu-3d yayijwayelekile yelashwa ku-28d, bese ukwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo ye-cement hydration kumasampuli ihlolwe yi-SEM.

Imikhiqizo ye-hydration kasimende kusampula engenalutho yesampula yodaka eminyakeni engu-3d miningi kunaleyo esesampulini ene-cellulose ether, futhi eminyakeni engu-28d, imikhiqizo ye-hydration kusampula ene-cellulose ether miningi kakhulu kunaleyo esesampulini engenalutho. Ukukhishwa kwamanzi kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kubambezelekile ngenxa yokuthi kunongqimba lwefilimu oluyinkimbinkimbi olwakhiwe i-cellulose ether ebusweni bezinhlayiya zikasimende ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, ngokunwetshwa kweminyaka, inqubo ye-hydration iqhubeka kancane. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether ku-slurry kwenza kube namanzi anele ku-slurry ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sokusabela kwe-hydration, okuhambisana nenqubekelaphambili ephelele yokusabela kwe-hydration. Ngakho-ke, kunemikhiqizo eminingi ye-hydration ku-slurry esigabeni sakamuva. Uma kuqhathaniswa, kunamanzi amaningi amahhala kusampula elingenalutho, anganelisa amanzi adingwa ukusabela kukasimende kusenesikhathi. Kodwa-ke, ngokuqhubeka kwenqubo ye-hydration, ingxenye yamanzi kusampula idliwa ukusabela kokuqala kwe-hydration, futhi enye ingxenye ilahleka ukuhwamuka, okuholela emanzini anganele ku-slurry yakamuva. Ngakho-ke, imikhiqizo ye-3d hydration kusampula engenalutho miningi kakhulu. Inani lemikhiqizo ye-hydration lincane kakhulu kunenani lemikhiqizo ye-hydration kusampula equkethe i-cellulose ether. Ngakho-ke, ngokombono wemikhiqizo ye-hydration, kuphinde kuchazwe ukuthi ukwengeza inani elifanele le-cellulose ether odakeni kungathuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-slurry.

2.3 Ukusetha isikhathi

I-Cellulose ether inomphumela othile wokubuyisela emuva odakeni, ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether. Khona-ke isikhathi sokumisa udaka siyandiswa. Umphumela wokuhlehlisa we-cellulose ether uhlobene ngokuqondile nezici zayo zesakhiwo. I-Cellulose ether inesakhiwo sendandatho ye-glucose ephelelwe amanzi emzimbeni, engakha isango le-sugar calcium molecular complex ene-calcium ions kusisombululo se-samente hydration, inciphise ukugcwala kwama-calcium ion esikhathini sokungeniswa usimende, ivimbele ukwakheka kanye nemvula ye-Ca(OH)2 kanye nosawoti we-calcium. amakristalu, ukuze kubambezeleke inqubo ye-hydration kasimende. Umthelela obambezelekayo we-cellulose ether ku-slurry usimende ikakhulukazi uncike ezingeni lokushintsha i-alkyl futhi inobudlelwane obuncane nesisindo sayo samangqamuzana. Uma idigri yokushintsha ye-alkyl incane, okuqukethwe kwe-hydroxyl kukhudlwana, umphumela wokuhlehlisa osobala kakhulu. L. Semitz et al. babekholelwa ukuthi ama-molecule e-cellulose ether ayekhangiswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni yokufakwa kwamanzi efana ne-C - S - H ne-Ca(OH)2, futhi ayengavamile ukukhangiswa kumaminerali okuqala e-clinker. Kuhlanganiswe nokuhlaziywa kwe-SEM kwenqubo ye-cement hydration, kutholakala ukuthi i-cellulose ether inomphumela othize wokuvinjelwa, futhi ukuphakama kokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether, kusobala nakakhulu umphumela wokuvinjelwa kongqimba lwefilimu oluyinkimbinkimbi ekufakweni kokuqala kukasimende, ngakho-ke, osobala kakhulu umphumela wokuhlehlisa.

2.4 Amandla e-Flexural namandla acindezelayo

Ngokuvamile, amandla angenye yezinkomba ezibalulekile zokuhlola zezinto zikasimende ezelaphayo zokwelapha izingxube. Ngaphezu kokusebenza kokugeleza okuphezulu, udaka lokuzilinganisa kufanele futhi lube namandla athile okucindezela kanye namandla okuguquguquka. Kulolu cwaningo, izinsuku eziyi-7 nezingu-28 amandla okucindezela kanye namandla okuguquguquka odaka olungenalutho oluxutshwe ne-cellulose ether kwahlolwa.

Ngokukhuphuka kokuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether, amandla okucindezela udaka namandla okuguquguquka ancishiswa ngama-amplitude ahlukene, okuqukethwe kuncane, ithonya emandleni alibonakali, kodwa ngokuqukethwe okungaphezu kuka-0.02%, ukukhula kwezinga lokulahlekelwa kwamandla kubonakala nakakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ekusetshenzisweni kwe-cellulose ether ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka, kodwa futhi kucatshangelwe ukuguqulwa kwamandla.

Izimbangela zokucindezelwa kodaka namandla aguqukayo ehla. Ingahlaziywa kulezi zici ezilandelayo. Okokuqala, amandla okuqala kanye nosimende oqina ngokushesha awuzange usetshenziswe ocwaningweni. Lapho udaka olomile luxutshwa namanzi, ezinye izinhlayiya ze-cellulose ether rubber powder zaqale zakhangiswa ebusweni bezinhlayiya zikasimende ukuze zenze ifilimu ye-latex, eyabambezela ukugeleza kukasimende futhi yanciphisa amandla okuqala e-matrix yodaka. Okwesibili, ukuze kulingise indawo yokusebenza yokulungiselela udaka lokuzilinganisa endaweni, zonke izibonelo ocwaningweni azizange zinyakaze lapho kulungiselelwa futhi zibunjwa, futhi zithembele ekuzilinganiseni isisindo. Ngenxa yokusebenza okuqinile kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether odakeni, inani elikhulu lezimbotshana lishiywe ku-matrix ngemva kokuqina kodaka. Ukwenyuka kwe-porosity odakeni nakho kuyisizathu esibalulekile sokuncipha kwamandla odaka okucindezela nokuguquguquka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemva kokwengeza i-cellulose ether odakeni, okuqukethwe kwe-polymer eguquguqukayo kuma-pores of mortar kuyanda. Lapho i-matrix icindezelwa, i-polymer eguquguqukayo inzima ukudlala indima eqinile yokusekela, ephinde ithinte ukusebenza kwamandla kwe-matrix ngezinga elithile.

2.5 Amandla okuxhumana

I-Cellulose ether inomthelela omkhulu endaweni ehlanganisayo yodaka futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi ocwaningweni nasekulungiseleleni udaka oluzilinganisa.

Uma okuqukethwe kwe-cellulose ether kuphakathi kuka-0.02% no-0.10%, amandla ebhondi odaka ngokusobala athuthukisiwe, futhi amandla ebhondi ezinsukwini ezingu-28 aphezulu kakhulu kunalawo ezinsukwini ezingu-7. I-Cellulose ether yakha ifilimu ye-polymer evaliwe phakathi kwezinhlayiya ze-cement hydration kanye nesistimu yesigaba se-liquid, ekhuthaza amanzi amaningi efilimu ye-polymer ngaphandle kwezinhlayiya zikasimende, ezivumela ukugeleza okuphelele kukasimende, ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla esibopho sokunamathisela. ngemva kokuqina. Ngasikhathi sinye, inani elifanele le-cellulose ether lithuthukisa ipulasitiki nokuguquguquka kodaka, linciphisa ukuqina kwendawo yoshintsho phakathi kodaka nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-substrate, linciphisa ukucindezeleka kokushelela phakathi kwesixhumi esibonakalayo, futhi lithuthukise umphumela wokubopha phakathi kodaka ne-substrate ngezinga elithile. Ngenxa yokuba khona kwe-cellulose ether ku-slurry kasimende, indawo ekhethekile yokuguqulwa kwe-interfacial kanye nesendlalelo esiphakathi kobuso kwakheka phakathi kwezinhlayiya zodaka kanye nemikhiqizo ye-hydration. Lesi sendlalelo esihlangene sobuso senza indawo yokushintsha ubuso ivumelane nezimo futhi ingaqini kancane, ukuze udaka lube namandla okubopha aqinile.

3. Isiphetho kanye nengxoxo

I-Cellulose ether ingathuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka oluzilinganisa ngokwalo. Ngokukhula kwenani le-cellulose ether, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka kuyathuthukiswa kancane kancane, futhi uketshezi lwe-mortar kanye nesikhathi sokumisa kuyancishiswa ngezinga elithile. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi aphezulu kakhulu kuzokhuphula i-porosity ye-slurry eqinile, engase yenze amandla acindezelayo futhi aguquguqukayo odaka oluqinile abe nokulahlekelwa okusobala. Ocwaningweni, amandla ehla kakhulu lapho umthamo uphakathi kuka-0.02% no-0.04%, futhi uma inani le-cellulose ether, kuba sobala kakhulu umphumela wokuhlehlisa. Ngakho-ke, lapho usebenzisa i-cellulose ether, kuyadingeka futhi ukuthi ucabangele ngokuphelele izakhiwo zemishini yodaka lokuzilinganisa, ukukhetha okunengqondo komthamo kanye nomphumela we-synergistic phakathi kwawo nezinye izinto zamakhemikhali.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether kunganciphisa amandla acindezelayo namandla aguquguqukayo odaka lukasimende, futhi kuthuthukise amandla okubopha odaka. Ukuhlaziywa kwezizathu zokushintsha amandla, ikakhulukazi okubangelwa ukushintsha kwemikhiqizo emincane kanye nesakhiwo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinhlayiya ze-cellulose ether rubber powder ezikhangiswe kuqala phezu kwezinhlayiya zikasimende, ukwakheka kwefilimu ye-latex, ukubambezela ukugeleza kwamanzi. usimende, okuzobangela ukulahlekelwa amandla okuqala e-slurry; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yomphumela wokwenza ifilimu kanye nomphumela wokugcina amanzi, kuhambisana nokugcwala okuphelele kukasimende kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamandla ebhondi. Umbhali ukholelwa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezinguquko zamandla ngokuyinhloko zikhona emkhawulweni wenkathi yokumisa, futhi ukuqhubeka nokubambezeleka kwalo mkhawulo kungase kube iphuzu elibalulekile elibangela ubukhulu bezinhlobo ezimbili zamandla. Ucwaningo olujulile noluhlelekile lwaleli phuzu elibalulekile luzosiza ekulawuleni kangcono nasekuhlaziyeni inqubo yokufakwa kwe-hydration yezinto ezinosimende odongeni. Kuyasiza ukulungisa inani le-cellulose ether kanye nesikhathi sokuphulukisa ngokuya ngesidingo sezakhiwo zemishini yodaka, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kodaka.