Isingeniso esifushane se-starch ether

I-Etherified isitashi i-ether ebambele isitashi eyakhiwe ukusabela kwamaqembu e-hydroxyl kuma-molecule esitashi anezinto ezisebenzayo, okuhlanganisa isitashi se-hydroxyalkyl, isitashi se-carboxymethyl, nesitashi se-cationic. Njengoba i-etherification yesitashi ithuthukisa ukuzinza kwe-viscosity kanye nesibopho se-ether asikwazi ukufakwa kalula nge-hydrolyzed ngaphansi kwezimo eziqinile ze-alkaline, isitashi se-etherified sisetshenziswa emikhakheni eminingi yezimboni. I-Carboxymethyl isitashi (CMS) iwuhlobo lwemikhiqizo yemvelo ye-anionic kanye ne-polymer polyelectrolyte ether yemvelo encibilika emanzini abandayo. Njengamanje, i-cMS isetshenziswe kabanzi ezimbonini zokudla, imithi, i-petroleum, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke, izindwangu, ukwenza amaphepha, izinto zokunamathisela, nezimboni zikapende. i

Embonini yokudla, i-CMS ayinabo ubuthi futhi ayinabungozi emzimbeni womuntu futhi ingasetshenziswa njengesithuthukisi sekhwalithi. Umkhiqizo ophelile unomumo omuhle kakhulu, umbala kanye nokunambitheka, okwenza kube bushelelezi, obukhulu futhi bukhanye; I-CMS ingasetshenziswa futhi njengesilondolozi sokudla. Embonini yezemithi, i-CMS isetshenziswa njenge-tablet disintegrant, i-plasma volume expander, i-thickener yamalungiselelo ohlobo lwekhekhe kanye ne-dispersant yezidakamizwa ye-oral suspoemulsion. I-CMS isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini ye-oilfield njengendlela yokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa koketshezi lodaka. Inokumelana nosawoti, ingamelana nosawoti ukuze ugcwale, futhi inemiphumela yokulwa nokwehla kanye nekhono elithile lokulwa ne-calcium. Kuyisinciphisi sekhwalithi ephezulu sokulahlekelwa uketshezi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ingasetshenziswa kuphela ekusebenzeni kwemithombo engajulile. I-CMS isetshenziselwa ukulinganisa intambo ekhanyayo, futhi inezici zokuhlakazeka okusheshayo, indawo enhle yokwenza ifilimu, ifilimu yosayizi othambile, kanye nokwenza lula. I-CMS ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-tackifier kanye nesishintshi ekuhlanganiseni okuhlukahlukene nokudaya. I-CMS isetshenziswa njenge-adhesive in paper coating, engenza ukunamathela kube nokulingana okuhle nokuzinza kwe-viscosity. Izakhiwo zayo zokugcinwa kwamanzi zilawula ukungena kwe-adhesive esisekelweni sephepha, ukunikeza iphepha elihlanganisiwe izici ezinhle zokunyathelisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-CMS ingasetshenziswa njengendlela yokunciphisa i-viscosity ye-slurry yamalahle kanye ne-oil-coal exutshwe uphethiloli slurry, ukuze ibe nokusimama okuhle kwe-emulsion nokusimama kwamanzi. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njenge-tackifier yopende osuselwe emanzini we-latex, i-chelating ejenti yokuhlanza indle yensimbi enzima, kanye nesihlanzi sesikhumba ezimonyoni. Izici zayo ezingokomzimba zimi kanje:

Inani le-PH: I-alkaline (5% isixazululo se-aqueous) Ukunyibilika: Kungancibilika emanzini abandayo Ukulunga: Ngaphansi kuka-500μm I-Viscosity: 400-1200mpas (isixazululo esinamanzi esingu-5%) Ukuhambisana nezinye izinto zokwakha: Kuhle nezinye izingxube zempahla yokwakha Ukuhambisana

1. Umsebenzi oyinhloko

Ikhono elihle kakhulu lokuqina okusheshayo: i-viscosity ephakathi, ukugcinwa kwamanzi aphezulu;

Isilinganiso sincane, futhi umthamo ophansi kakhulu ungafinyelela umphumela ophezulu;

Thuthukisa ikhono le-anti-sag lento ngokwayo;

Ine-lubricity enhle, engathuthukisa ukusebenza kwempahla futhi yenze umsebenzi ube bushelelezi. i

2. ububanzi bokusetshenziswa

I-starch ether ilungele zonke izinhlobo (usimende, igypsum, i-lime-calcium) i-putty yangaphakathi yodonga lwangaphakathi nangaphandle, kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zodaka olubheke phezulu nodaka lokuplasta. Umthamo onconyiwe: 0.05% -0.15% (kukalwa ngamathani), ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kungaphansi kwesilinganiso sangempela. Ingasetshenziswa njengengxube yemikhiqizo esekwe usimende, imikhiqizo esekwe kwigypsum kanye nemikhiqizo ye-lime-calcium. I-starch ether inokuhambisana okuhle nokunye ukwakhiwa kanye nezingxube; ifaneleka ngokukhethekile ukwakhiwa kwezingxube ezomile ezifana nodaka, izinto zokunamathisela, ukuplasta kanye nezinto zokugingqa. Ama-ether esitashi nama-methyl cellulose ethers (amabanga e-Tylose MC) asetshenziswa ndawonye ekwakheni izingxube ezomile ukuze anikeze ukujiya okuphezulu, ukwakheka okuqinile, ukumelana nokuntenga kanye nokubamba kalula. I-viscosity yodaka, izinto ezinamathelayo, amaplasta kanye nama-roll renders aqukethe i-methyl cellulose ether ephezulu ingancishiswa ngokufakwa kwe-starch ether. i

3. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesitashi ether

Ama-ether esitashi asetshenziswa odakeni aguqulwa asuka kuma-polymer emvelo amanye ama-polysaccharides. Okufana namazambane, ummbila, umdumbula, ubhontshisi nokunye. i

Isitashi esilungisiwe esijwayelekile

I-ether yesitashi elungiswe kusukela kumazambane, ummbila, umdumbula, njll. inokugcinwa kwamanzi okuphansi kakhulu kune-cellulose ether. Ngenxa yezinga elihlukile lokuguqulwa, ukuzinza kwe-asidi ne-alkali kuhlukile. Eminye imikhiqizo ilungele ukusetshenziswa odakeni olususelwa ku-gypsum, kanti eminye ingasetshenziswa odakeni olusekelwe kusimende. Ukufakwa kwe-starch ether odakeni kusetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko njenge-thickener ukuze kuthuthukiswe indawo yokulwa nokucwila kodaka, ukunciphisa ukunamathela kodaka olumanzi, nokwandisa isikhathi sokuvula. Ama-ether esitashi avame ukusetshenziswa kanye ne-cellulose, ukuze izakhiwo nezinzuzo zale mikhiqizo emibili kuphelelisane. Njengoba imikhiqizo yesitashi se-ether ishibhile kakhulu kune-cellulose ether, ukusetshenziswa kwe-starch ether odakeni kuzoletha ukwehla okukhulu kwezindleko zokwakhiwa kodaka. i

i-ether

I-Guar gum ether iwuhlobo lwe-starch ether enezakhiwo ezikhethekile, eshintshwa kusukela kubhontshisi we-guar wemvelo. Ikakhulukazi ngokusabela kwe-etherification ye-guar gum neqembu elisebenzayo le-acrylic, isakhiwo esiqukethe i-2-hydroxypropyl iqembu elisebenzayo liyakhiwa, okuyisakhiwo se-polygalactomannose.

(1) Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-cellulose ether, i-guar gum ether incibilika kakhulu emanzini. Inani le-pH alinawo umthelela ekusebenzeni kwama-guar ether. i

(2) Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-viscosity ephansi kanye nomthamo ophansi, i-guar gum ingashintsha i-cellulose ether ngenani elilinganayo, futhi inokugcinwa kwamanzi okufanayo. Kodwa ukungaguquguquki, i-anti-sag, i-thixotropy nokunye ngokusobala kuthuthukisiwe. (3) Ngaphansi kwezimo ze-viscosity ephezulu kanye nomthamo ophezulu, i-guar gum ayikwazi ukufaka esikhundleni se-cellulose ether, futhi ukusetshenziswa okuxubile kwakho kokubili kuzoveza ukusebenza okungcono.

(4) Ukusetshenziswa kwe-guar gum odakeni olusekelwe ku-gypsum kunganciphisa kakhulu ukunamathela ngesikhathi sokwakha futhi kwenze ukwakhiwa kube bushelelezi. Ayinawo umthelela omubi ekubekeni isikhathi namandla e-gypsum mortar. i

(5) Uma i-guar gum isetshenziswa kumasoni osekwe usimende kanye nodaka lokunamatheliswa, ingashintsha i-cellulose ether ngenani elilinganayo, futhi inikeze udaka ukumelana nokuntenga okungcono, i-thixotropy kanye nobushelelezi bokwakha. i

(6) I-Guar gum ingasetshenziswa emikhiqizweni efana nezinamatheliso zamathayili, izinto ezizilinganisa phansi, i-putty engangeni manzi, kanye nodaka lwe-polymer ukuze kufakwe udonga. i

(7) Njengoba intengo ye-guar gum iphansi kakhulu kunaleyo ye-cellulose ether, ukusetshenziswa kwe-guar gum odakeni kuzonciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokwenziwa komkhiqizo. i

I-thickener yokugcina amanzi amaminerali eshintshiwe

I-thickener egcina amanzi eyenziwe ngamaminerali emvelo ngokulungiswa nokuhlanganisa isetshenziswe eShayina. Amaminerali amakhulu asetshenziselwa ukulungisa ama-thickeners okugcina amanzi yilawa: i-sepiolite, i-bentonite, i-montmorillonite, i-kaolin, njll. Lawa mamineral anezindawo ezithile zokugcina amanzi kanye nokujiya ngokuguqulwa njengama-coupling agents. Lolu hlobo lwe-thickener egcina amanzi efakwe odakeni lunezici ezilandelayo. i

(1) Ingathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kodaka olujwayelekile, futhi ixazulule izinkinga zokungasebenzi kahle kodaka lukasimende, amandla aphansi odaka oluxubile, nokungazweli kahle kwamanzi. i

(2) Imikhiqizo yodaka enamazinga ahlukene wamandla wezakhiwo ezijwayelekile zezimboni kanye nezomphakathi ingakhiwa. i

(3) Izindleko zempahla ziphansi kakhulu kunalezo ze-cellulose ether ne-starch ether.

(4) Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kungaphansi kwalokho kwe-ejenti yokugcina amanzi ephilayo, inani lokushwabana elomile lodaka olulungisiwe likhulu, futhi ukuhlangana kuyancipha. i

4. Ukusetshenziswa kwesitashi ether

Isitashi i-ether sisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kodaka, okungase kuthinte ukungaguquguquki kodaka olusekelwe ku-gypsum, usimende kanye nomcako, futhi kushintshe ukwakhiwa nokuphikiswa kwe-sag kodaka. Ama-ether esitashi ngokuvamile asetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nama-cellulose ether angashintshiwe futhi ashintshiwe. Ilungele kokubili izinhlelo ezingathathi hlangothi kanye ne-alkaline, futhi ihambisana nezithasiselo eziningi ze-gypsum kanye nemikhiqizo kasimende (njengama-surfactants, i-MC, isitashi nama-polymers ancibilika emanzini njenge-polyvinyl acetate).

Izici eziyinhloko:

(1) I-starch ether ivamise ukusetshenziswa kuhlanganiswe ne-methyl cellulose ether, okubonisa umphumela omuhle wokusebenzisana phakathi kwakho kokubili. Ukwengeza inani elifanelekile le-starch ether ku-methyl cellulose ether kungathuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo ukumelana nokushelela kanye nokumelana nokushelela kodaka , ngenani lesivuno esiphezulu. i

(2) Ukwengeza inani elifanele le-starch ether odakeni oluqukethe i-methyl cellulose ether kungakhuphula ngokuphawulekayo ukuvumelana kodaka futhi kuthuthukise ukugeleza kwamanzi, kwenze ukwakhiwa kube bushelelezi futhi ukukhuhla kube bushelelezi. (3) Ukwengeza inani elifanelekile le-starch ether odakeni oluqukethe i-methyl cellulose ether kungakhuphula ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka futhi kwandise isikhathi sokuvula. i

(4) Isitashi i-ether iyi-ether yesitashi eguqulwe ngamakhemikhali encibilika emanzini, ehambisana nezinye izithasiselo odakeni lwempuphu eyomile, esetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni ezinamathelayo zamathayela, udaka lokulungisa, ukhonkolo oluplasta, i-putty yangaphakathi nengaphandle yodonga, Amalunga ashunyekiwe asuselwa ku-gypsum nezinto zokugcwalisa. , ama-interface agents, udaka lwamatshe.

Izici ze-starch ether ikakhulukazi zilele kokuthi: ⑴ukuthuthukisa ukumelana ne-sag; ⑵ ukuthuthukisa ukwakhiwa; ⑶ ukwandisa isivuno sodaka, umthamo onconyiwe: 0.03% kuya ku-0.05%.