I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) kanye ne-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) yizinhlanganisela ezivamile embonini yamakhemikhali nasembonini yokudla. Zinomehluko othile kanye nokuxhumana ngesakhiwo, ukusebenza nokusetshenziswa. Lesi sihloko sizohlaziya ngokuningiliziwe izakhiwo, izindlela zokulungiselela, izicelo kanye nokubaluleka kokubili emikhakheni ehlukene.
(1) I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
1. Izakhiwo eziyisisekelo
I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) iphuma ku-carboxymethylated ku-cellulose futhi iyi-anionic linear polysaccharide. Isakhiwo sayo esiyisisekelo siwukuthi amanye amaqembu e-hydroxyl (-OH) ku-molecule ye-cellulose athathelwa indawo amaqembu e-carboxymethyl (-CH₂-COOH), ngaleyo ndlela aguqule ukunyibilika nokusebenza kwezakhiwo ze-cellulose. I-CMC ivamise ukuba mhlophe kuya kokuphuzi kancane, ayinaphunga futhi ayinambitheki, ayincibiliki ezincibilikisini eziphilayo, kodwa ingamunca amanzi ukuze yakhe ijeli.
2. Indlela yokulungiselela
Ukulungiswa kwe-CMC kuvame ukufaka lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
Ukusabela kwe-alkaline: Hlanganisa i-cellulose ne-sodium hydroxide (NaOH) ukuze uguqule amaqembu e-hydroxyl ku-cellulose abe usawoti we-alkaline.
Ukusabela kwe-Etherification: I-alkalized cellulose ihlangana ne-chloroacetic acid (ClCH₂COOH) ukukhiqiza i-carboxymethyl cellulose ne-sodium chloride (NaCl).
Le nqubo ivamise ukwenziwa emanzini noma kusixazululo se-ethanol, futhi izinga lokushisa lokusabela lilawulwa phakathi kuka-60 ℃-80 ℃. Ngemva kokuqedwa kokusabela, umkhiqizo wokugcina we-CMC utholakala ngokuwashwa, ukusefa, ukomiswa nezinye izinyathelo.
3. Izinkambu zokufaka isicelo
I-CMC isetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yokudla, imithi, izindwangu, ukwenza amaphepha kanye neminye imikhakha. Inemisebenzi eminingi efana nokuqina, ukuqiniswa, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nokwakheka kwefilimu. Isibonelo, embonini yokudla, i-CMC ingasetshenziswa njenge-thickener, stabilizer kanye ne-emulsifier ye-ayisikhilimu, ujamu, iyogathi neminye imikhiqizo; emkhakheni wezokwelapha, i-CMC isetshenziswa njenge-binder, thickener kanye ne-stabilizer yezidakamizwa; ezimbonini zendwangu nezokwenza iphepha, i-CMC isetshenziswa njengesengezo esinodaka kanye ne-ejenti yokulinganisa indawo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi nokuzinza komkhiqizo.
(2) I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na)
1. Izakhiwo eziyisisekelo
I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) uhlobo lukasawoti we-sodium lwe-carboxymethyl cellulose. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CMC, i-CMC-Na inokunyibilika okungcono kwamanzi. Isakhiwo sayo esiyisisekelo ukuthi amaqembu e-carboxylmethyl ku-CMC aguqulwa kancane noma aphelele abe usawoti wawo we-sodium, okungukuthi, ama-athomu e-hydrogen emaqenjini e-carboxylmethyl athathelwa indawo yi-sodium ion (Na⁺). I-CMC-Na ivamise ukuba yimpushana emhlophe noma ephuzi kancane noma ama-granules, ancibilika kalula emanzini, futhi yakhe isixazululo esibonisa ngale viscous.
2. Indlela yokulungiselela
Indlela yokulungiselela ye-CMC-Na iyafana neye-CMC, futhi izinyathelo ezibalulekile zifaka:
Ukusabela kwe-alkalinisation: i-cellulose i-alkali kusetshenziswa i-sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
Ukusabela kwe-Etherification: I-Alkalized cellulose isabela nge-chloroacetic acid (ClCH₂COOH) ukukhiqiza i-CMC.
Ukusabela kwe-sodiumization: I-CMC iguqulwa ibe ifomu layo likasawoti we-sodium ngokusabela kwe-neutralization kwisisombululo esinamanzi.
Kule nqubo, kuyadingeka ukunaka ukulawula izimo zokusabela, njenge-pH nezinga lokushisa, ukuze uthole imikhiqizo ye-CMC-Na esebenza kahle.
3. Izinkambu zokufaka isicelo
Izinkambu zokusetshenziswa kwe-CMC-Na zibanzi kakhulu, zibandakanya izimboni eziningi ezifana nokudla, imithi, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke, kanye ne-petroleum. Embonini yokudla, i-CMC-Na iwugqinsi obalulekile, i-stabilizer kanye ne-emulsifier, futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni yobisi, amajusi, ama-condiments, njll. Emkhakheni wezokwelapha, i-CMC-Na isetshenziswa njenge-adhesive, ijeli kanye nokothambisa amaphilisi. . Embonini yansuku zonke yamakhemikhali, i-CMC-Na isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni efana ne-toothpaste, ishampoo, kanye ne-conditioner, futhi inomphumela omuhle wokujiya nokuzinza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekubholeni uwoyela, i-CMC-Na isetshenziswa njengesilawuli se-thickener kanye ne-rheology sokumba udaka, okungathuthukisa uketshezi nokuzinza kodaka.
(3) Umehluko nokuxhumana phakathi kwe-CMC ne-CMC-Na
1. Isakhiwo nezakhiwo
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-CMC ne-CMC-Na ekwakhekeni kwamangqamuzana ukuthi iqembu le-carboxylmethyl le-CMC-Na likhona ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele ngesimo sikasawoti we-sodium. Lo mehluko wesakhiwo wenza i-CMC-Na ibonise ukuncibilika okuphezulu nokuzinza okungcono emanzini. I-CMC ivamise ukuba yi-carboxymethylated cellulose ngokwengxenye noma ngokuphelele, kuyilapho i-CMC-Na iwuhlobo lukasawoti lwesodium yale cellulose ye-carboxymethyl.
2. Ukunyibilika kanye nokusetshenziswa
I-CMC inokuncibilika okuthile emanzini, kodwa i-CMC-Na inokunyibilika okungcono futhi ingakha isixazululo se-viscous esizinzile emanzini. Ngenxa yokuncibilika okungcono kwamanzi nezici ze-ionization, i-CMC-Na ibonisa ukusebenza okungcono kune-CMC ezinhlelweni eziningi. Isibonelo, embonini yokudla, i-CMC-Na isetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-thickener ne-stabilizer ngenxa yokuncibilika kwayo okuhle kwamanzi kanye ne-viscosity ephezulu, kuyilapho i-CMC isetshenziswa kaningi ezinhlelweni ezingadingi ukuncibilika kwamanzi okuphezulu.
3. Inqubo yokulungiselela
Yize izinqubo zokulungisa lezi zibili zicishe zifane, umkhiqizo wokugcina wokukhiqizwa kwe-CMC yi-carboxymethyl cellulose, kuyilapho i-CMC-Na iqhubeka nokuguqula i-carboxymethyl cellulose ibe ifomu layo likasawoti we-sodium ngokusabela kokungathathi hlangothi phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza. Lokhu kuguqulwa kunikeza i-CMC-Na ukusebenza okungcono kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile, ezifana nokusebenza okungcono ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukunyibilika kwamanzi nokuzinza kwe-electrolyte.
I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) kanye ne-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) yizinto ezimbili eziphuma ku-cellulose ezinenani elibalulekile lezimboni. Nakuba zifana ngesakhiwo, i-CMC-Na ikhombisa ukuncibilika okuphezulu kwamanzi nokuzinza ngenxa yokuguqulwa kwamanye noma wonke amaqembu e-carboxyl ku-CMC-Na abe usawoti wesodium. Lo mehluko wenza i-CMC ne-CMC-Na zibe nezinzuzo zazo ezihlukile kanye nemisebenzi ezinhlelweni ezihlukene zezimboni. Ukuqonda nokusebenzisa kahle lezi zinto ezimbili kungasiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza emikhakheni eminingi efana nokudla, imithi, kanye nomkhakha wamakhemikhali.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-17-2024