1. Isingeniso se-HPMC
IHydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) iyi-ether engeyona ionic cellulose esetshenziswa kabanzi ezintweni zokwakha, okokugqoka, imithi, izimonyo, ukudla neminye imikhakha. Ngenxa yokuncibilika kwayo okuhle kwamanzi, i-gelling kanye nezindawo zokujiya, i-HPMC ivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-thickener, stabilizer kanye ne-ejenti ye-gelling. Ukuncibilika kwamanzi kwe-HPMC kungenye yezakhiwo zayo ezibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, kodwa isikhathi sokuchithwa kwayo siyahlukahluka ngenxa yezinto eziningi.
2. Inqubo yokuhlakazwa kwe-HPMC
I-HPMC inokuncibilika okuhle kwamanzi, kodwa phakathi nenqubo yokuhlakazwa, idinga ukumunca amanzi futhi ivuvuke kuqala, bese incibilika kancane kancane. Le nqubo ivamise ukuhlukaniswa ngezigaba ezilandelayo:
Ukumuncwa kwamanzi nokuvuvukala: I-HPMC iqala ukumunca amanzi emanzini, bese ama-molecule e-cellulose aqala ukukhukhumala.
Ukuxuba kokuhlakazeka: I-HPMC ihlakazeka ngokulinganayo emanzini ngokunyakazisa noma ezinye izindlela zomshini ukuze kugwenywe ukuhlangana.
Ukuhlakazwa ukuze kwakhe isixazululo: Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, ama-molecule e-HPMC ayaqaqa kancane kancane futhi ancibilike emanzini ukuze akhe isixazululo esiqinile se-colloidal.
3. Isikhathi sokuchithwa kwe-HPMC
Isikhathi sokuqedwa se-HPMC asinqunyiwe, ngokuvamile sisuka kumaminithi angu-15 kuya emahoreni ambalwa, futhi isikhathi esiqondile sincike ezintweni ezilandelayo:
Uhlobo kanye nebanga le-viscosity le-HPMC: Isisindo samangqamuzana nebanga le-viscosity le-HPMC linomthelela obalulekile esikhathini sokuhlakazeka. I-HPMC ene-viscosity ephezulu ithatha isikhathi eside ukuthi incibilike, kuyilapho i-HPMC ene-viscosity ephansi incibilika ngokushesha. Isibonelo, 4000 cps HPMC kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside ukuncibilika, kuyilapho 50 cps HPMC ingase incibilike ngokuphelele mayelana 15 imizuzu.
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi: Izinga lokushisa liyisici esibalulekile esithinta isikhathi sokuqedwa se-HPMC. Ngokuvamile, i-HPMC izomunca amanzi futhi ivuvuke ngokushesha emanzini abandayo, kodwa ichitheke kancane; emanzini ashisayo (njengangaphezulu kwama-60°C), i-HPMC izokwakha isimo sesikhashana esingancibiliki. Ngakho-ke, "indlela yokuchithwa kwamanzi abandayo nashisayo" yokuqala ngokuhlakazwa ngamanzi abandayo bese ishisa imvamisa isetshenziselwa ukusheshisa inqubo yokuhlakaza.
Indlela yokuhlakaza: Indlela yokuhlakaza nayo inethonya elikhulu esikhathini sokuhlakazwa kwe-HPMC. Izindlela ezivamile zokuhlakaza zihlanganisa ukugqugquzela ngomshini, ukwelashwa kwe-ultrasonic noma ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokugunda ngesivinini esiphezulu. Ukunyakaziswa kwemishini kungakhuphula izinga lokuhlakazeka ngempumelelo, kodwa uma kungasetshenziswa kahle, kungase kwakhe izigaxa futhi kuthinte ukusebenza kahle kokuhlakazeka. Ukusebenzisa i-stirrer enesivinini esiphezulu noma i-homogenizer kunganciphisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuhlakazeka.
Usayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-HPMC: Uma izinhlayiya zincane, izinga lokuqedwa liyashesha. I-Fine-particle HPMC kulula ukuyihlakaza futhi incibilike ngokulinganayo, futhi ivamise ukusetshenziswa ezimeni zohlelo ezinezidingo zezinga eliphezulu lokuhlakazeka.
I-solvent medium: Nakuba i-HPMC incibilika kakhulu emanzini, ingaphinda incibilike kwezinye izinyibilikisi zemvelo, njenge-ethanol ne-propylene glycol izixazululo ezinamanzi. Amasistimu wezincibilikisi ahlukene azothinta izinga lokuchithwa. Kuzincibilikisi zemvelo, isikhathi sokuchithwa ngokuvamile side kunasemanzini.
4. Izinkinga ezijwayelekile ohlelweni lokuqedwa kwe-HPMC
Isenzo se-agglomeration: I-HPMC ijwayele ukwenza izigaxa lapho incibilika emanzini, ikakhulukazi uma izinga lokushisa lamanzi liphezulu noma ukunyakaziswa kunganele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingaphezulu le-HPMC limunca amanzi futhi linwebeka ngokushesha, futhi ingaphakathi alikakaxhumani namanzi, okuholela ekuncibilikeni kwezinga eliphansi lezinto zangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, ekusebenzeni kwangempela, kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukufafaza i-HPMC kancane kancane futhi ngokulinganayo emanzini abandayo kuqala, futhi ukuyinyakazisa ngokufanelekile ukuvimbela ukuhlangana.
Ukuqedwa okungaphelele: Ngezinye izikhathi isisombululo se-HPMC sibukeka sifana, kodwa empeleni ingxenye ye-cellulose ayincibiliki ngokuphelele. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukwandisa isikhathi esishukumisayo, noma ukukhuthaza ukuqedwa ngokusebenzisa ukulawulwa kokushisa okufanele kanye nezindlela zemishini.
5. Ungasikhulisa kanjani isikhathi sokuqedwa se-HPMC
Sebenzisa indlela yokusabalalisa amanzi abandayo: fafaza kancane i-HPMC emanzini abandayo ukuze ugweme ukuhlangana okubangelwa ukumuncwa kwamanzi ngokushesha kanye nokwanda. Ngemuva kokuthi i-HPMC isihlakazeke ngokuphelele, yishise ibe ngu-40-60°C ukukhuthaza ukuqedwa okuphelele kwe-HPMC.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezinyakazayo: Ezigcawini ezinezidingo zejubane eliphezulu lokuncibilika, ungakhetha ukusebenzisa izixube zokugunda ezinesivinini esikhulu, ama-homogenizer nezinye izinto zokusebenza ukuze ukhuphule izinga lokunyakazisa nokusebenza kahle futhi unciphise isikhathi sokuchithwa.
Lawula izinga lokushisa: Ukulawula izinga lokushisa kuyisihluthulelo sokuqedwa kwe-HPMC. Gwema ukusebenzisa amanzi ashisayo anezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu ukuze uncibilikise i-HPMC ngokuqondile, kodwa sebenzisa ukuhlakazwa kwamanzi abandayo bese uyafudumeza. Ngezimo ezihlukene zohlelo lokusebenza, ungakhetha izinga lokushisa elifanele lokuchithwa ngokwezidingo zakho.
Isikhathi sokuqedwa se-HPMC siyinqubo eguquguqukayo ethintwa izici eziningi. Ngokuvamile, isikhathi sokuhlakazeka semizuzu engu-15 kuya emahoreni ambalwa sivamile, kodwa isikhathi sokuhlakazeka singafinyezwa ngokuphawulekayo ngokuthuthukisa indlela yokuhlakaza, isivinini esishukumisayo, usayizi wezinhlayiyana nokulawula izinga lokushisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-25-2024