I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) yipolymer enexabiso elibalulekileyo kwishishini. Yi-anionic cellulose ether enyibilikayo emanzini ephuma kwi-cellulose yendalo. I-Cellulose yenye yezona polymers ezininzi zendalo kwaye iyona nto iphambili kwiindonga zeeseli zezityalo. I-cellulose ngokwayo ayinakunyibilika kakubi emanzini, kodwa ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali, i-cellulose inokuguqulwa ibe yi-derivatives kunye ne-solubility efanelekileyo yamanzi, kwaye i-CMC yenye yazo.
Ulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli ye-CMC ifunyanwa ngokufaka i-etherifying i-hydroxyl (-OH) inxalenye ye-cellulose molecule ene-chloroacetic acid (ClCH2COOH) ukuvelisa i-carboxymethyl substituent (-CH2COOH). Isakhiwo se-CMC sigcina i-β-1,4-glucose chain structure ye-cellulose, kodwa amanye amaqela e-hydroxyl kuwo athatyathwa ngamaqela e-carboxymethyl. Ke ngoko, i-CMC igcina iimpawu zekhonkco le-polymer yeselulosi kwaye inokusebenza kweqela le-carboxymethyl.
Iimpawu zeMichiza yeCMC
I-CMC yipolima ye-anionic. Ekubeni i-carboxyl (-CH2COOH) iqela kwisakhiwo sayo i-ionize ivelise iintlawulo ezimbi kwisisombululo esinamanzi, i-CMC inokwenza isisombululo esizinzileyo se-colloidal emva kokuchithwa emanzini. Ukunyibilika kwamanzi kunye nokunyibilika kwe-CMC kuchatshazelwa yinqanaba layo lokutshintshela (DS) kunye neqondo lokupholisa (DP). Iqondo lokutshintsha libhekisa kwinani lamaqela e-hydroxyl endaweni yawo ngamaqela e-carboxyl kwiyunithi nganye yeglucose. Ngokubanzi, okukhona uphezulu iqondo lokutshintshwa, kokukhona kungcono ukunyibilika kwamanzi. Ukongeza, ukunyibilika kunye ne-viscosity ye-CMC kumaxabiso ahlukeneyo e-pH nawo ahlukile. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ibonisa ukunyibilika okungcono kunye nokuzinza phantsi kweemeko ezingathathi hlangothi okanye ze-alkaline, ngelixa phantsi kweemeko ze-acidic, ukunyibilika kwe-CMC kuya kuncipha kwaye kunokunyuka.
Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zeCMC
I-viscosity yesisombululo se-CMC yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zomzimba. I-viscosity yayo inxulumene nezinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ukugxilwa kwesisombululo, i-degree of substitution, i-degree of polymerization, iqondo lokushisa kunye nexabiso le-pH. Olu phawu lwe-viscosity lwe-CMC luyenza ukuba ibonise ukutyeba, i-gelling kunye neziphumo zokuzinzisa kwizicelo ezininzi. I-viscosity ye-CMC nayo ineempawu zokucheba, oko kukuthi, i-viscosity iya kuncipha phantsi kwamandla aphezulu okucheba, okwenza kube luncedo kwizicelo ezithile ezifuna umbane ophezulu.
Iindawo zokusetyenziswa kwe-CMC
Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezizodwa kunye neekhemikhali, i-CMC isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo ezininzi. Nazi ezinye zeendawo eziphambili zesicelo:
Ishishini lokutya: I-CMC isetyenziswa njenge-thickener, stabilizer kunye ne-emulsifier kushishino lokutya. Inokuphucula ukuthungwa kunye nokuzinza kokutya, njengezicelo eziqhelekileyo kwi-ayisikrimu, i-yogurt, i-jelly kunye ne-sauce.
Umzi-mveliso wamachiza: I-CMC isetyenziswa njenge-excipient yamachiza kunye ne-adhesive for tablets kwinkalo yoxubo-mayeza. Ikwasetyenziswa njenge-moisturizer kunye ne-agent-forming agent ekufakeni amanxeba.
Iikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla: Kwiimveliso zemihla ngemihla ezifana ne-toothpaste, i-shampoo, i-detergent, njl., i-CMC isetyenziswa njenge-thickener, i-agent yokumisa kunye ne-stabilizer ukunceda imveliso igcine inkangeleko efanelekileyo kunye nokusebenza.
Ukwemba i-oyile: I-CMC isetyenziswa njenge-viscosity enhancer kunye ne-ejenti yokuhluza kwi-oyile yokomba ulwelo, enokuphucula iimpawu ze-rheological zolwelo lokomba kunye nokuthintela ukungena ngokugqithisileyo kolwelo lokomba.
Imizi-mveliso ye-textile kunye ne-papermaking: Kwishishini le-textile, i-CMC isetyenziselwa i-pulp ye-textile kunye ne-ejenti zokugqiba, ngelixa kumashishini okwenza iphepha, isetyenziswe njenge-ejenti yokuqinisa kunye ne-agent ye-size yephepha ukuphucula amandla kunye nokuguda kwephepha.
Ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko
I-CMC yinto ehambelana nokusingqongileyo enokuthi ithotywe yi-microorganisms kwindalo, ngoko ayiyi kubangela ungcoliseko lwexesha elide kwindalo. Ukongeza, i-CMC inetyhefu ephantsi kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu, kwaye inerekhodi elungileyo lokhuseleko ekutyeni nakwizicelo zamayeza. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yemveliso enkulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo, ingqwalasela kufuneka ihlawulwe kunyango lwenkunkuma yemichiza enokuthi iveliswe ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa.
I-Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) yipolymer yeanionic enyibilikayo esebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. I-CMC efunyenwe ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali igcina iipropathi ezigqwesileyo zeselulosi yendalo ngelixa inonyibiliko olulungileyo lwamanzi kunye neempawu ezizodwa zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali. Ngokutyeba kwayo, i-gelling, ukuzinzisa kunye neminye imisebenzi, i-CMC isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumashishini amaninzi afana nokutya, amayeza, iikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla, ukomba ioli, iingubo kunye nokwenza iphepha. Ukukhuselwa kwayo kokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko kwenza ukuba ibe yinto ekhethiweyo yokongeza kwiimveliso ezininzi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-23-2024