Intshayelelo:
Udaka ngumxube wesamente, isanti, namanzi asetyenziswa xa kusakhiwa ukuhlanganisa izitena okanye iibhloko. Liyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokwakhiwa kweemasonry kwaye lisetyenziswa kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezicelo, kubandakanywa ukwakhiwa kwezitena, ukufakwa kweebhloko, ukwakhiwa kwamatye, kunye nokutyabeka. Iiarhente zokungenisa umoya (AEA) luhlobo lwezongezo zekhemikhali ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kumdaka ukuphucula iimpawu zayo. Kule nqaku, siza kuxubusha indima ye-air-entraining agents kwi-mortar kunye nendlela abanokuphucula ngayo ukusebenza komdaka.
Yintoni i-Arhente yokuNgenisa umoya (AEA)?
Iiarhente zokungenisa umoya (AEA) zizongezo zekhemikhali ezongezwa kwidaka ukuvelisa amaqamza amancinci, asasazwe ngokulinganayo ngaphakathi komxube. La maqamza omoya anokuphucula ukusebenza, ukuxhathisa ukunyibilika komkhenkce, kunye nokuqina kodaka. Ii-agent zokungenisa umoya ngokuqhelekileyo ziyi-organic compounds eziqulethe i-surfactants okanye ezinye iikhemikhali ezinokudala iipokotho zomoya ngaphakathi komxube. Umthamo womoya ofakwe kumxube unokulawulwa ngokulungelelanisa umlinganiselo we-agent-ejenti yokungenisa umoya eyongezwa kumdaka.
Iindidi zee-arhente zokungenisa umoya:
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-air-entraining agents ezisetyenziselwa udaka. Ezona ndidi zixhaphakileyo ziquka:
- I-Synthetic Surfactants: Ezi ziikhemikhali zokwenziwa eziyilelwe ukudala amaqamza omoya amancinci, asasazwe ngokulinganayo kumxube. Ngokuqhelekileyo zongezwa kumxube kwifomu yolwelo kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kuzo zombini iimbumba zesamente kunye nezingeyo-cementitious.
- I-Natural Surfactants: Ezi zixhobo zendalo, ezifana nezityalo ezicatshulwayo okanye amafutha ezilwanyana, eziqulethe izinto ezingaphezulu. Zingasetyenziswa kuzo zombini iimbumba zesamente kunye nezingezizo zesamente.
- Iiarhente zeHydrophobic: Ezi ziikhemikhali ezigxotha amanzi kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukwenza iipokotho zomoya ngaphakathi komxube. Ngokuqhelekileyo zongezwa kumxube kwifom yomgubo kwaye zingasetyenziselwa zombini iimbumba zesamente kunye nezingezizo zesamente.
- I-Air-Entraining Admixtures: Le yimixube yobunini beekhemikhali ezilungiselelwe ngokukodwa ukudala amaqamza omoya amancinci, asasazwe ngokulinganayo ngaphakathi komxube. Ngokuqhelekileyo zongezwa kumxube kwifomu yolwelo kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kuzo zombini iimbumba zesamente kunye nezingezizo zesamente.
Indima yee-Arhente zokungenisa umoya kuMdaka:
- Ukusetyenzwa:
Ukongezwa kwee-agent zokungenisa umoya kwi-mortar kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwayo. Amaqamza omoya amancinci, asasazwa ngokulinganayo kumxube anokunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa komphezulu womxube kwaye enze kube lula ukusasazeka kunye nokuphatha. Oku kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi xa usebenza ngodaka kwiimeko ezibandayo okanye ezimanzi, njengoko amaqamza omoya anokunceda ukukhusela umxube ekubeni uqine kakhulu okanye kube nzima ukusebenza nawo.
- Ukuxhathisa i-Freeze-Thaw:
Enye yeenzuzo eziphambili zokusebenzisa i-air-entraining agents kwi-mortar kukuba inokuphucula ukuxhathisa ukunyibilika kwayo. Xa amanzi engumkhenkce, ayanda, nto leyo enokubangela umonakalo kudaka. Nangona kunjalo, amaqamza omoya amancinci, asasazwe ngokulinganayo adalwe ziiarhente zokungenisa umoya anokubonelela ngesithuba sokunwenwa kwamanzi, kuncitshiswe umonakalo owenzekayo. Oku kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi kwimimandla enobusika obunzima, apho imijikelo yokunyibilika komkhenkce ixhaphakile.
- Ukuqina:
Iiarhente zokungenisa umoya zinokuphucula ukuqina kodaka. Iipokotho ezincinci zomoya ngaphakathi komxube zinokusebenza njenge-buffer phakathi kwamaqhekeza aqinileyo omxube, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo olubekwe kubo. Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kunye nezinye iindlela zomonakalo ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngakumbi kwiimeko apho udaka lubonakaliswe kuxinzelelo olukhulu okanye ukungcangcazela.
- Ugcino lwamanzi:
Iiarhente zokungenisa umoya zinokunceda ekuphuculeni ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwidaka. Iipokotho ezincinci zomoya ngaphakathi komxube zinokunceda ukukhusela amanzi ukuba aphume ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kumphezulu wodaka, onokuba luncedo ngokukodwa kwiimeko ezishushu okanye ezomileyo. Oku kunokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba udaka luhlala lusebenza ixesha elide, ukunciphisa imfuno yokuxuba kwakhona okanye ukuphinda kufakwe isicelo.
- Ukomelela kweBond:
Enye inzuzo yokusebenzisa i-air-entraining agents kwi-mortar kukuba inokuphucula amandla ebhondi phakathi kodaka kunye neeyunithi ze-masonry. Iipokethi ezincinci zomoya ngaphakathi komxube zinokunceda ekudaleni indawo engaphezulu, evumela udaka ukuba unamathele ngakumbi kumphezulu weyunithi ye-masonry. Oku kunokunceda ukudala iqhina elomeleleyo, elihlala ixesha elide elingenakukwazi ukuqhekeka okanye ukusilela ekuhambeni kwexesha.
- Ukucutheka okuNcitshisiweyo:
Iiarhente zokungenisa umoya zinokunceda ekunciphiseni ukushwabana kodaka njengoko lunyanga. Xa udaka loma, lunokuncipha kancinci, olunokubangela ukuqhekeka okanye ezinye iindlela zomonakalo. Nangona kunjalo, iipokotho ezincinci zomoya ezenziwe ngama-agent okungenisa umoya zinokunceda ukunciphisa oku kuncipha, ukunciphisa umngcipheko womonakalo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba udaka luhlala luqinile kwaye luzinzile ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Isiphelo:
Isishwankathelo, i-air-entraining agents zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kodaka. Bangakwazi ukuphucula ukusebenza, ukuxhathisa i-freeze-thaw, ukuqina, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, amandla ebhondi, kunye nokunciphisa i-shrinkage yodaka, okwenza kube yinto ethembekileyo nesebenzayo yokusetyenziswa ekwakhiweni. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-agent zokungenisa umoya ezikhoyo, nganye ineempawu zayo ezizodwa kunye neenzuzo. Ngokuqonda indima ye-air-entraining agents kwi-mortar, iingcali zokwakha zinokukhetha uhlobo oluchanekileyo kunye nesixa se-arhente ukufezekisa iziphumo ezifunwayo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iiprojekthi zabo zakhiwe ukuba zihlale.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-10-2023